US4300995A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Oxygen-alkylation of carbonous material and products thereof
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
•
Filing: 1980-06-30
•
Granted: 1981-11-17
•
Expires: 2000-06-30
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is a method for improving the properties of carbonous materials and products thereof by oxygen-alkylation. The carbonous material is treated with a quaternary base then heated to temperatures from about 100 DEG C. to 400 DEG C.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald Liotta
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 15:31
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G19/00; C10G1/00; C10L; C10L9/00; C10L9/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
163 words
A method for improving the properties of carbonous materials and products therefrom, said materials having acidic functionalities and having a pka of less than or equal to 22, wherein the method comprises: (a) treating the carbonous material with at least one quaternary base; and (b) heating the treated carbonous material to a temperature of from 100° C. to about 300° C. wherein the quaternary base is represented by the formula: R.sub.3 R'MOR" where each R is the same or different group selected from the C 1 to about C 20 alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, ether and ester groups, sulfide, amine as well as silicon, selenium or a metal selected from Groups I and II of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R' is a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group; M is selected from Group VA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and R" is hydrogen, or a C 1 to about C 20 alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl group.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
163 words
A method for improving the properties of carbonous materials and products therefrom, said materials having acidic functionalities and having a pka of less than or equal to 22, wherein the method comprises: (a) treating the carbonous material with at least one quaternary base; and (b) heating the treated carbonous material to a temperature of from 100° C. to about 300° C. wherein the quaternary base is represented by the formula: R.sub.3 R'MOR" where each R is the same or different group selected from the C 1 to about C 20 alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, ether and ester groups, sulfide, amine as well as silicon, selenium or a metal selected from Groups I and II of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R' is a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group; M is selected from Group VA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and R" is hydrogen, or a C 1 to about C 20 alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl or alkylaryl group.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the carbonous material is selected from the group consisting of coal, oil shale, peat, heavy oils boiling over about 540° C., and vacuum and gas oil petroleum residuals.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the carbonous material is selected from the group consisting of coal and oil shale.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the carbonous material is coal or products therefrom.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein each R is the same or different C 1 to C 6 alkyl or aryl group.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 4 wherein each R is the same or different C 1 to C 4 alkyl group.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein R" is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 4 alkyl group.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 6 wherein R" is hydrogen.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 1 wherein R' is methyl.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 8 wherein R' is methyl.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the carbonous material is treated with the quaternary base at a temperature from about 150° C. to about 250° C.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the coal is treated with the quaternary base at a temperature from about 150° C. to about 250° C.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a stoichiometric amount of quaternary base is employed based on the total number of acidic functionalities on the carbonous material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 12 wherein a stoichiometric amount of quaternary base is employed based on the total number of acidic functionalities on the coal.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 14 wherein the quaternary base is a quaternary ammonium base or a quaternary phosphonium base, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the quaternary base is selected from the group consisting of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and methoxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide and methoxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide and methoxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and methoxide, tetrapentylammonium hydroxide and methoxide, tetrahexylammonium hydroxide and methoxide, benzylhexadecyldimethyl ammonium hydroxide and methoxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the quaternary base is regenerated and recycled from the trisubstituted Group VA compound formed as a by-product of the instantly claimed method.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the quaternary base is regenerated and recycled from the trisubstituted Group VA compound formed as a by-product of the instantly claimed method.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the carbonous material is a coal liquid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the carbonous material is a coal liquid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the carbonous material is coal bottoms.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the carbonous material is coal bottoms.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the carbonous material is coal and the treated coal is subjected to liquefaction conditions.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the treated coal is subjected to liquefaction conditions.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-11-16 | 1985-05-18 | 1985-11-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-11-16 | 1989-05-18 | 1989-11-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-11-16 | 1993-05-18 | 1993-11-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |