Patent US4292087A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4292087A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Coatings pigmented with nonleafing aluminum flake
Assignee: Toyal America Inc
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Filing: 1979-02-28
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Granted: 1981-09-29
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Expires: 1999-02-28
Abstract
Abstract Coatings, primarily finish coatings for topical applications, pigmented with substantially nonleafing aluminum flake produced by reducing aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent comprised of isostearic acid, either alone or together with another nonleafing milling agent.
Inventors
- 👤 Harry E. Bell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 22:20
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09C; C09C1/00; C09C1/62; C09C1/64; C09C1/644; C09C1/646; C09C3/00; C09C3/08; C01; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/20; C01P2004/50; C01P2004/51; C01P2004/60; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/60; C01P2006/80
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 41
Claim 1
Independent Claim
34 words
A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment produced by reducing aluminum to flake in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
34 words
A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment produced by reducing aluminum to flake in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition as defined in claim 1, wherein said milling agent further comprises other nonleafing milling agents.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition as defined in claim 2, wherein said other agent is an unsaturated fatty acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composition as defined in claim 3, wherein said unsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
A composition as defined in claim 4, wherein said oleic acid is present during milling in a weight not more than about 3% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
39 words
A composition as defined in claim 4, wherein oleic acid and isostearic acid are present during milling in amounts respectively between about 1.5% and about 3% and between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
63 words
A composition as defined in claim 3, wherein the weight of isostearic acid present during milling is equal to between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of aluminum present, and wherein the other nonleafing milling agent is an unsaturated fatty acid present during milling in a weight equal to between about 1.5% and about 3% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
A composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the weight of isostearic acid present during milling is equal to between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of the aluminum flake present.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the aluminum is reduced to flake in the presence of an isostearic acid milling agent and in the presence of a liquid wet-milling vehicle.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
A composition as defined in claim 9, where the wet-milling vehicle is removed from the flake pigment to provide a dry powder pigment.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
71 words
A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle comprising a film forming binder and a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment produced by wet-milling particulate aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent comprising about 3% to about 7% by weight of isostearic acid and about 1.5% to about 3% by weight of oleic acid, each based upon the aluminum content and a wet-milling vehicle to provide aluminum flake pigment.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
71 words
A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle comprising a film forming binder and a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment produced by wet-milling particulate aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent comprising about 3% to about 7% by weight of isostearic acid and about 1.5% to about 3% by weight of oleic acid, each based upon the aluminum content and a wet-milling vehicle to provide aluminum flake pigment.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
79 words
A pigmented coating composition for application to a substrate comprising a vehicle comprising a film forming binder and an amount of a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment dispersed in said vehicle and comprising aluminum flake particles having a surface layer comprising isostearic acid milling agent residue, effective to pigment the coating composition after application to said substrate, said surface layer being established by reducing aluminum to said flake particles in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
79 words
A pigmented coating composition for application to a substrate comprising a vehicle comprising a film forming binder and an amount of a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment dispersed in said vehicle and comprising aluminum flake particles having a surface layer comprising isostearic acid milling agent residue, effective to pigment the coating composition after application to said substrate, said surface layer being established by reducing aluminum to said flake particles in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pigmented coating composition of claim 12 wherein said vehicle further comprises a liquid solvent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
51 words
In a pigmented coating composition for topical application to a substrate, comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially non-leafing aluminum flake pigment produced by milling particulate aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent, the improvement which comprises using a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
51 words
In a pigmented coating composition for topical application to a substrate, comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially non-leafing aluminum flake pigment produced by milling particulate aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent, the improvement which comprises using a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 14, wherein said milling is performed in accordance with leaf-milling techniques.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
A composition according to claim 14, wherein the weight of isostearic acid present during milling is equal to between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of the aluminum present.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition according to claim 14, wherein the milling agent further comprises an amount of another nonleafing milling agent effective to substantially eliminate residual leafing.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
62 words
A composition according to claim 17, wherein the weight of isostearic acid present during milling is equal to between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of aluminum present, and wherein the other nonleafing milling agent is an unsaturated fatty acid present during milling in a weight equal to between about 1.5% and about 3% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 18, wherein the unsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition according to claim 15, wherein the leaf milling is performed in the presence of a liquid wet-milling vehicle.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition according to claim 20, wherein the wet-milling vehicle is removed from the flake pigment after leaf milling, to provide a dry powder pigment.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
69 words
In a pigmented coating composition for topical application to a substrate, comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially non-leafing aluminum flake pigment comprising aluminum flake particles, the improvement which comprises said aluminum flake particles having a surface layer comprising isostearic acid milling agent residue, said surface layer being established by reducing aluminum to said flake particles in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
69 words
In a pigmented coating composition for topical application to a substrate, comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially non-leafing aluminum flake pigment comprising aluminum flake particles, the improvement which comprises said aluminum flake particles having a surface layer comprising isostearic acid milling agent residue, said surface layer being established by reducing aluminum to said flake particles in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
A composition as defined in claim 22, wherein said milling agent residue further comprises other nonleafing milling agent residue.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition as defined in claim 23, wherein said other agent residue is an unsaturated fatty acid residue.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition as defined in claim 24, wherein said unsaturated fatty acid residue is an oleic acid residue.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composition as defined in claim 25, wherein said oleic acid milling agent residue is formed in the presence of a weight of oleic acid during milling which is not more than about 3% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
47 words
A composition as defined in claim 25, wherein said milling agent residue is formed in the presence of oleic acid and isostearic acid during milling in amounts respectively between about 1.5% and about 3% and between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
36 words
A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment produced by leaf-milling particulate aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
36 words
A pigmented coating composition comprising a vehicle comprising a film-forming binder and a substantially nonleafing aluminum flake pigment produced by leaf-milling particulate aluminum to flake form in the presence of a milling agent comprising isostearic acid.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
31 words
A composition according to claim 28, wherein the weight of isostearic acid present during milling is equal to between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of the aluminum present.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition according to claim 28, wherein the milling agent further comprises an amount of another nonleafing milling agent effective to substantially eliminate residual leafing.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
62 words
A composition according to claim 30, wherein the weight of isostearic acid present during milling is equal to between about 3% and about 7% of the weight of aluminum present, and wherein the other nonleafing milling agent is an unsaturated fatty acid present during milling in a weight equal to between about 1.5% and about 3% of the weight of aluminum present.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 31, wherein the unsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
19 words
A composition according to claim 28, wherein the leaf-milling is performed in the presence of a liquid wet-milling vehicle.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
24 words
A composition according to claim 33, wherein the wet-milling vehicle is removed from the flake pigment after leaf-milling, to provide a dry powder pigment.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pigmented coating composition of claim 13, wherein said liquid solvent is a hydrocarbon based solvent.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-09-28 | 1985-03-30 | 1985-09-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-09-28 | 1989-03-30 | 1989-09-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-09-28 | 1993-03-30 | 1993-09-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |