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US4290071A
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Multi-band directional antenna
Assignee: Electrospace Systems Inc
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Filing: 1977-12-23
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Granted: 1981-09-15
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Expires: 1997-12-23
Abstract
Abstract A multi-band multi-element directional antenna array having a driven element and at least one parasitic element with a network at the center of each element interconnecting element opposite side radiators. While some of these would be a driven element and either a reflector or director parasitic element array most applications call for at least three elements, a driven element, a reflector element and a director element, and for some applications, additional parasitic director elements are added. While antenna arrays embodying features hereof may be adapted as two band f 1 f 2 , f 2 f 3 , or f 1 f 3 antenna arrays, primary useage would be in a three radio band f 1 , f 2 , f 3 version with band nominal center frequencies related, approximately by the progression 1, 1.5, 2 (example 14, 21, and 28 MHz). Reflector and director elements with their center networks as parasitic elements are structured to resonate at frequencies up to ten percent displaced from respective band operating frequencies--reflector elements at lower frequencies and directors at higher frequencies. Some of the arrays employ folded elements for improved unidirectional radiation patterns and structural advantages.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard C. Fenwick
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 03:59
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01Q; H01Q19/00; H01Q19/28; H01Q19/30; H01Q5/00; H01Q5/40; H01Q5/48; H01Q5/49
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
103 words
In a multi-band multi-element directional antenna array having a driven element means formed of two opposed sections each a half wavelength at the midband frequency and parasitic element means: driven element impedance matching network means; a parasitic element; parasitic element center network means; signal feed line means; signal coupling means interconnecting said signal feed line means and said driven element; and with said driven element matching network means and said parasitic element center network means being networks enabling respective driven and parasitic elements to respond, as an antenna array, on all bands of said multi-band directional antenna for providing a unidirectional radiation pattern.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
103 words
In a multi-band multi-element directional antenna array having a driven element means formed of two opposed sections each a half wavelength at the midband frequency and parasitic element means: driven element impedance matching network means; a parasitic element; parasitic element center network means; signal feed line means; signal coupling means interconnecting said signal feed line means and said driven element; and with said driven element matching network means and said parasitic element center network means being networks enabling respective driven and parasitic elements to respond, as an antenna array, on all bands of said multi-band directional antenna for providing a unidirectional radiation pattern.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said parasitic element is a reflector element.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said parasitic element is a director element.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said parasitic element is one of a plurality of parasitic elements.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 4, wherein said parasitic elements are all director elements.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 5, wherein a plurality of the antenna elements are folded elements.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 6, wherein all folded elements of said antenna are of equal tip-to-tip length.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 4, wherein said parasitic element is a reflector element; and parasitic director means is also included in the antenna array.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 8, wherein the elements of said antenna array are folded elements.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 9, wherein said parasitic director means is a plurality of spaced director elements.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
60 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said antenna array is an antenna providing a unidirectional signal radiation pattern with matching networks at the centers of respective array elements tuned as an array to three radio frequency bands at f 1 , f 2 , f 3 band nominal center frequencies related substantially by the progression 1, 1.5, 2.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
52 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 11, wherein each parasitic element matching network is structured to provide a capacitive impedance at the low band frequency f 1 , a very high impedance at the middle band frequency f 2 , and an inductive impedance at the high band frequency f 3 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
67 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 12, wherein the driven element matching network includes, series capacitive means, and series inductive means that together resonate said driven element at the low and high band frequencies f 1 and f 3 ; and a transmission line transformer means of predetermined length to yield required impedance at the middle frequency f 2 to impedance match at frequency f 2 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
53 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 13, wherein the driven element matching network series capacitive means and series inductive means are a capacitor and a coil series connected with said transmission line transformer means; and with said transmission line transformer means of length electrically 3/4 wavelength of the middle frequency f 2 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
45 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 12, wherein a matching network, for a parasitic element, connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element includes, a first series connected coil and capacitor circuit connected in parallel with a second series connected coil and capacitor circuit.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 12, wherein a matching network for a parasitic element, connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element includes, a capacitor series connected to a parallel connected coil and capacitor circuit connected also in series with a coil.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
55 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said antenna array is an antenna, providing a unidirectional signal radiation pattern with matching networks at the centers of respective array elements, tuned as an array to two radio frequency bands f 1 , f 2 band nominal center frequencies related substantially by the progression 1, 1.5.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
41 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 17, wherein a parasitic element center matching network is structured to provide a capacitive impedance at the low band frequency f 1 , and a very high impedance at the band frequency f 2 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 18, wherein said parasitic element center matching network, is connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element, and includes, a capacitor in parallel with a series connected coil and capacitor circuit.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
38 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 18, wherein said parasitic element center matching network, is connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element, and includes, a capacitor in series with a parallel connected capacitor and coil circuit.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
58 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 17, wherein the driven element matching network includes, series capacitive means that resonates said driven element at the low band frequency f 1 ; and a transmission line transformer of predetermined length to yield required impedance at the frequency f 2 to impedance match the driven element at frequency f 2 .
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 21, wherein said transmission line transformer lengthwise is 3/4 wavelength of the frequency f 2 .
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
56 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said antenna array is an antenna, providing a unidirectional signal radiation pattern with matching networks at the centers of respective array elements, tuned as an array to two radio frequency bands at f 2 , f 3 band nominal center frequencies related substantially by the progression 1.5, 2.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
40 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 23, wherein a parasitic element center matching network is structured to provide a very high impedance at the band frequency f 2 , and an inductive impedance at the band frequency f 3 .
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
38 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 24, wherein said parasitic element center matching network, is connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element, and includes, a coil in parallel with a series connected coil and capacitor circuit.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
38 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 24, wherein said parasitic element center matching network, is connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element, and includes, a coil in series with a parallel connected capacitor and coil circuit.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
58 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 23, wherein the driven element matching network includes, series inductive means that resonates said driven element at the high band frequency f 3 ; and a transmission line transformer of predetermined length to yield required impedance at the frequency f 2 to impedance match the driven element at frequency f 2 .
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 27, wherein said transmission line transformer lengthwise is 3/4 wavelength of the frequency f 2 .
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
56 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 1, wherein said antenna array is an antenna, providing a unidirectional signal radiation pattern with matching networks at the centers of respective array elements, tuned as an array to two radio frequency bands at f 1 , f 3 band nominal center frequencies related substantially by the progression 1, 2.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
41 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 29, wherein a parasitic element center matching network is structured to provide a capacitive impedance at the lower band frequency f 1 , and an inductive impedance at the high band frequency f 3 .
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
33 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 30, wherein said parasitic element center matching network, is connected between opposite end radiators of the parasitic element, and includes, a series connected coil and capacitor circuit.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
42 words
The multi-band directional antenna of claim 29, wherein the driven element matching network includes series connected capacitive means and inductive means that with the network resonate said driven element at the low and high band frequencies f 1 and f 3 .
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-09-14 | 1985-03-16 | 1985-09-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-09-14 | 1989-03-16 | 1989-09-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-09-14 | 1993-03-16 | 1993-09-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |