Process for carbonizing an agricultural product

Claim 2

In a process for treating an agricultural product having a high silica content comprising the steps of supplying said agricultural product to a combustion zone, supplying hot gasses and combustion air to said combustion zone, dispersing said agricultural product in said hot gases and combustion air for controlled burning of said agricultural product at a temperature below that which causes fusion of said skeletal silica in said agricultural product but sufficient to cause evolution and combustion of volatile constituents and organic matter in said agricultural product, the improvement comprising arresting the combustion process of said agricultural product after evolution of said volatile constituents and organic matter and prior to oxidation of carbon constituents remaining in said agricultural product.

Claim 3

The process as claimed in claim 1 further comprising the steps of comminuting said agricultural product to a uniform particle size prior to supplying said agricultural product to said combustion zone.

Claim 4

The process as claimed in claim 1 further comprising the steps of parboiling said agricultural product, and dehydrating said parboiled agricultural product prior to supplying said agricultural product to said combustion zone.

Claim 5

The process as claimed in claim 3 further comprising the steps of comminuting said agricultural product to a uniform particle size after dehydrating said parboiled agricultural product.

Claim 6

The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the step of arresting the combustion process comprises chilling said agricultural product to below its ignition temperature by exposing said agricultural product to cold air.

Claim 7

The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the step of arresting the combustion process comprises exposing said agricultural product to an inert gas.

Claim 8

A process for treating an agricultural product having a high silica content comprising the steps of supplying said agricultural product to a combustion zone, supplying hot gases and combustion air to said combustion zone, said combustion zone being characterized by said hot gases being swirled about a generally horizontal axis, dispersing said agricultural product in said hot gases by rotating said agricultural product in a rotatable cylindrical vessel having a horizontal axis of rotation coincident with the cylindrical axis of said rotatable cylindrical vessel for controlled burning of said agricultural product at a temperature below that with causes fusion of skeletal silica but sufficient to cause evolution and combustion of volatile constituents and organic matter in said agricultural product, and arresting the combustion process of said agricultural product after evolution of said volatile constituents and organic matter and prior to oxidation of carbon constituents remaining in said agricultural product.

Claim 9

A process for treating an agricultural product having a high silica content comprising the steps of supplying said agricultural product to a combustion zone, supplying hot gases and combustion air to said combustion zone, said combustion zone being characterized by said hot gases being swirled about a generally horizontal axis, dispersing said agricultural product in said hot gases by rotating said agricultural product in a rotatable cylindrical vessel having a horizontal axis of rotation coincident with the cylindrical axis of said rotatable cylindrical vessel for controlled burning of said agricultural product at a temperature below that with causes fusion of skeletal silica but sufficient to cause evolution and combustion of volatile constituents and organic matter in said agricultural product, and arresting the combustion process of said agricultural product after evolution of said volatile constituents and organic matter and prior to oxidation of carbon constituents remaining in said agricultural product.

Claim 10

The process for treating an agricultural product as claimed in claim 7 wherein said combustion zone is further characterized by hot gases being swirled about a horizontal axis by a first barrier attached to the interior surface of said rotatable cylindrical vessel, said first barrier defining a helix beginning proximate one end of said combustion zone and extending proximate the length of said combustion zone.

Claim 11

The process for treating an agricultural product as claimed in claim 7 wherein said combustion zone is further characterized by hot gases being swirled about a horizontally disposed central member extending proximate the length of said combustion zone by a second barrier attached to said central support member, said barrier defining a helix beginning proximate one end of said central support member and extending proximate the other end of said central support member.