US4262060A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Solar heat absorber and a method of manufacturing the same
Assignee: Toshiba Corp
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Filing: 1979-11-01
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Granted: 1981-04-14
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Expires: 1999-11-01
Abstract
Abstract A solar heat absorber is produced by electrodepositing on a metallic substrate acting as a cathode in a plating bath a black coating including a ternary alloy represented by the formula: Sn--M--Mo where M is Fe, Co or Ni. The electroplating bath contains a stannous salt, a salt of a metal M selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and iron, a molybdate, an alkali metal pyrophosphate, and an amino acid or an ammonium salt of carboxlyic acid or mineral acid.
Inventors
- 👤 Toshio Shikata
- 👤 Shigetomo Ueda
- 👤 Masakazu Inagaki
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 05:21
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/56; C25D3/562; C25D3/60; F; F24; F24S; F24S70/00; F24S70/20; F24S70/225; F24S70/25; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40; Y02E10/46; Y10; Y10S; Y10S126/00; Y10S126/907; Y10S126/908; Y10S205/00; Y10S205/923; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/1266; Y10T428/12667; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12882; Y10T428/12903; Y10T428/1291; Y10T428/12917; Y10T428/12944; Y10T428/12951
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
A solar heat absorber comprising: a metallic substrate; and a black coating electrodeposited on said substrate and including a ternary alloy represented by the formula: Sn--M--Mo where M is Fe, Co or Ni; and wherein the coating contains 15 to 40 atomic % of Sn, 45 to 60 atomic % of M, 3 to 20 atomic % of Mo and 6 to 25 atomic % of oxygen.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
67 words
A solar heat absorber comprising: a metallic substrate; and a black coating electrodeposited on said substrate and including a ternary alloy represented by the formula: Sn--M--Mo where M is Fe, Co or Ni; and wherein the coating contains 15 to 40 atomic % of Sn, 45 to 60 atomic % of M, 3 to 20 atomic % of Mo and 6 to 25 atomic % of oxygen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The absorber according to claim 1, wherein Mo is present in the coating in the form of an oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
10 words
The absorber according to claim 2, wherein M is Fe.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
10 words
The absorber according to claim 2, wherein M is Co.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
10 words
The absorber according to claim 2, wherein M is Ni.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The absorber according to claim 1, wherein the metallic substrate is formed of copper.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The absorber according to claim 1, 2, 6, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the coating has a thickness ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.5 microns.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The absorber according to claim 1, wherein the coating contains 15 to 25 atomic % of Sn, 45 to 55 atomic % of M, 5 to 15 atomic % of Mo, and 15 to 25 atomic % of oxygen.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The absorber according to claim 1, wherein the coating has a solar heat absorptance α of 0.86 to 0.95, and an infrared emittance ε of 0.20 to 0.03.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
187 words
A method of manufacturing a solar heat absorber, comprising: immersing an anode and a metallic substrate as a cathode in an aqueous electroplating bath containing a stannous salt, a salt of a metal M selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and iron, a molybdate, an alkali-metal pyrophosphate, an amino acid or an ammonium salt of carboxylic acid or mineral acid; and electrodepositing on the metallic substrate a black coating including a ternary alloy represented by the formula: Sn--M--Mo where M is Fe, Co or Ni and the electroplating bath contains 10 to 40 g/l of the stannous salt, 5 to 40 g/l of the salt of a metal M, 10 to 150 g/l of the molybdate, 150 to 250 g/l of the alkali metal pyrophosphate and 5 to 30 g/l of the amino acid or the ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid or mineral acid, and wherein the bath has a pH of 8.5 to 10, the bath is maintained at a temperature of 40° to 70° C., and the electrodeposition is carried out with a current density of 10 to 500 mA/dm 2 .
Claim 12
Independent Claim
187 words
A method of manufacturing a solar heat absorber, comprising: immersing an anode and a metallic substrate as a cathode in an aqueous electroplating bath containing a stannous salt, a salt of a metal M selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and iron, a molybdate, an alkali-metal pyrophosphate, an amino acid or an ammonium salt of carboxylic acid or mineral acid; and electrodepositing on the metallic substrate a black coating including a ternary alloy represented by the formula: Sn--M--Mo where M is Fe, Co or Ni and the electroplating bath contains 10 to 40 g/l of the stannous salt, 5 to 40 g/l of the salt of a metal M, 10 to 150 g/l of the molybdate, 150 to 250 g/l of the alkali metal pyrophosphate and 5 to 30 g/l of the amino acid or the ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid or mineral acid, and wherein the bath has a pH of 8.5 to 10, the bath is maintained at a temperature of 40° to 70° C., and the electrodeposition is carried out with a current density of 10 to 500 mA/dm 2 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the electroplating bath contains 1 to 10 g/l of peptone or gelatin.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 10, comprising stirring the plating bath during the electrodeposition.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the metallic substrate is formed of copper.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the bath contains the stannous salt in an amount of 16 to 35 g/l.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 10 or 14, wherein the stannous salt is stannous pyrophosphate, stannous chloride or stannous sulfate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the bath contains the salt of the metal M in an amount of 15 to 30 g/l.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 10 or 16, wherein the salt of the metal M is an iron salt.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 17, wherein the iron salt is iron chloride, iron sulfate, iron pyrophosphate, iron nitrate, iron carbonate, iron acetate or iron hydroxide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 10 or 16, wherein the salt of the metal M is a cobalt salt.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 19, wherein the cobalt salt is cobalt chloride, cobalt sulfate, cobalt pyrophosphate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt carbonate, cobalt acetate or cobalt hydroxide.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 10 or 16, wherein the salt of the metal M is a nickel salt.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 21, wherein the nickel salt is nickel chloride, nickel sulfate, nickel pyrophosphate, nickel nitrate, nickel carbonate, nickel acetate or nickel hydroxide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the bath contains the molybdate in an amount of 20 to 120 g/l.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 10 or 23, wherein the molybdate is ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the bath contains the alkali metal pyrophosphate in an amount of 180 to 220 g/l.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 10 or 25, wherein the alkali metal pyrophosphate is potassium pyrophosphate or sodium pyrophosphate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the bath contains the amino acid or the ammonium salt in an amount of 10 to 25 g/l.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 10 or 27, wherein the amino acid is glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, norleucine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, cysteine, cystine, tyrosine or arginine.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method according to claim 10 or 27, wherein the ammonium salt is ammonium acetate, ammonium citrate, ammonium tartrate, ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the electrodeposition is carried out at a current density of 50 to 300 mA/dm 2 .
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-04-13 | 1984-10-13 | 1985-04-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-04-13 | 1988-10-13 | 1989-04-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-04-13 | 1992-10-13 | 1993-04-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |