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US4255194A
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Palladium alloy baths for the electroless deposition
Assignee: MSA Safety Inc
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Filing: 1979-01-15
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Granted: 1981-03-10
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Expires: 1999-01-15
Abstract
Abstract A bath for the electroless deposition of palladium comprises an aqueous solution of divalent palladium, ammonia or amine, and a tertiary amine borane. The bath may contain thio-organic, iminonitrile or other stabilizers. A hard palladium alloy is plated, having the composition of 1-3% amorphous borone, 1-3% crystalline PdH 0 .706, the remainder amorphous palladium. A strong laminate is formed when the alloy is plated on electroless nickel.
Inventors
- 👤 William V. Hough
- 👤 John L. Little
- 👤 Kevin E. Warheit
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 15:30
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C18/00; C23C18/16; C23C18/31; C23C18/42; C23C18/44
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
162 words
A bath for the electroless deposition of palladium comprising an aqueous solution containing: (a) between about 0.002 and 0.12 moles per liter of divalent palladium, (b) between about 0.05 and 10 moles per liter of a base selected from ammonia, primary alkylamines having up to five carbon atoms, ethanolamine, ethylene diamine, N-methylated ethylene diamines or mixtures thereof, (c) between about 0.005-0.21 moles per liter of a reducing agent selected from the group of tertiary amine boranes consisting of trialkylamine borane having the formula R 1 R 2 R 3 NBH 3 , where R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are methyl or ethyl groups; straight chain methoxy substituted dimethylamine boranes having the formula CH 3 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) n N(CH 3 ) 2 BH 3 , where n is an integer from 1 to 4; and N alkyl substituted morpholine borane having the formula ##STR2## where R is an alkyl group having not more than three carbon atoms.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
162 words
A bath for the electroless deposition of palladium comprising an aqueous solution containing: (a) between about 0.002 and 0.12 moles per liter of divalent palladium, (b) between about 0.05 and 10 moles per liter of a base selected from ammonia, primary alkylamines having up to five carbon atoms, ethanolamine, ethylene diamine, N-methylated ethylene diamines or mixtures thereof, (c) between about 0.005-0.21 moles per liter of a reducing agent selected from the group of tertiary amine boranes consisting of trialkylamine borane having the formula R 1 R 2 R 3 NBH 3 , where R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are methyl or ethyl groups; straight chain methoxy substituted dimethylamine boranes having the formula CH 3 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) n N(CH 3 ) 2 BH 3 , where n is an integer from 1 to 4; and N alkyl substituted morpholine borane having the formula ##STR2## where R is an alkyl group having not more than three carbon atoms.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A bath according to claim 1 containing an effective amount up to about 0.1 grams per liter of a stabilizing agent selected from 2-mercaptobenzothioazole, 3,3'-iminiodipropionitrile, 3,3'-thiodipropionitrile, 2,2'-thiodiethanol, and alkali metal iodates or bromates.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A bath according to claim 1 in which divalent palladium is present as palladium chloride or an ammonia complex thereof and the base is ammonia.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
A bath according to claim 1 in which the amine borane is of the formula R 1 R 2 R 3 NBH 3 , where R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are methyl or ethyl groups.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A bath according to claim 1 in which the amine is trimethylamine borane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
A bath according to claim 5 in which divalent palladium is present as palladium chloride or an ammonia complex thereof, and the base is ammonia.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A bath according to claim 2 in which the amine is trimethylamine borane.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A bath according to claim 7 in which the divalent palladium is present as palladium chloride or an ammonia complex thereof, and the base is ammonia.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
A bath according to claim 8 in which the stabilizer is 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A bath according to claim 1 containing between about 0.01 to 0.03 moles per liter of divalent palladium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A bath according to claim 1 containing between about 0.3 to 1 mole per liter of ammonia.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A bath according to claim 1 containing between about 0.01 to 0.07 moles per liter of amine borane.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A bath according to claim 10 in which the divalent palladium is present as palladium chloride or ammonia complex therof, and the base is ammonia present in a concentration between about 0.3 to 1.0 moles per liter.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
A bath according to claim 13 containing trimethyl amine borane in a concentration between about 0.01 to 0.07 moles per liter.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
10 words
A bath according to claim 14 continuing the stabilizer 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
42 words
A bath for the electroless deposition of palladium comprising an aqueous solution containing about 4 grams per liter of PdCl 2 , 0.6 mol per liter of ammonia, 2.5 grams per liter of trimethylamine borane and 3.5 milligrams per liter of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
42 words
A bath for the electroless deposition of palladium comprising an aqueous solution containing about 4 grams per liter of PdCl 2 , 0.6 mol per liter of ammonia, 2.5 grams per liter of trimethylamine borane and 3.5 milligrams per liter of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
39 words
A bath according to claim 1 in which the amine borane is of the formula CH 3 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) n N(CH 3 ) 2 BH 3 , where n is an integer from 1 to 4.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
A bath according to claim 1 in which the amine borane is of the formula ##STR3## where R is an alkyl group having not more than 3 carbon atoms.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-03-09 | 1984-09-08 | 1985-03-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-03-09 | 1988-09-08 | 1989-03-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-03-09 | 1992-09-08 | 1993-03-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |