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US4252987A
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Dimerization of 1-alkenes
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1980-02-22
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Granted: 1981-02-24
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Expires: 2000-02-22
Abstract
Abstract Dimerization of alpha,beta-unsubstituted 1-alkenes, having at least three carbon atoms, in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a titanium-containing component of the formula Cp.sub.2 TiXY, wherein Cp represents an optionally alkyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl group, X represents a halogen atom or an alkyl group, and Y represents a halogen atom, (b) an alkylaluminum halide, and (c) a nitrogen Lewis base, is characterized by high reaction selectivity to certain dimer products and little formation of higher polymers.
Inventors
- 👤 Brian L. Goodall
- 👤 Harry van der Heijden
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 14:51
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J31/00; B01J31/02; B01J31/0234; B01J31/0235; B01J31/0237; B01J31/12; B01J31/14; B01J31/143; B01J31/16; B01J31/22; B01J31/2282; B01J31/2295; C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/02; C07C2/04; C07C2/06; C07C2/08; C07C2/26; C07C2/32; C07C2/34; B01J2231/00; B01J2231/30; B01J2231/32; B01J2231/323; B01J2531/00; B01J2531/40; B01J2531/46; C07C2531/00; C07C2531/02; C07C2531/12; C07C2531/14; C07C2531/16; C07C2531/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
152 words
A process for the selective dimerization of one or more alpha,beta-unsubstituted 1-alkenes having at least three carbon atoms by reaction in liquid solution and in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a titanium-containing component of the formula Cp.sub.2 TiXY, wherein Cp represents an optionally alkyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl group, X represents a substituent selected from the class consisting of halogen atoms and alkyl groups, and Y represents a halogen atom, (b) an alkylaluminum halide, and (c) a nitrogen Lewis base, with the provision that the liquid solution contain at least about 0.05 millimol of the titanium-containing component per mol of alpha, beta-unsubstituted 1-alkene, with the provision that the solution comprise the alkylaluminum halide in molar excess over the titanium-containing component, and with the provision that the solution contain a quantity of the nitrogen Lewis base such that the molar ratio of nitrogen Lewis base to the alkylaluminum halide is at least about 0.1.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
152 words
A process for the selective dimerization of one or more alpha,beta-unsubstituted 1-alkenes having at least three carbon atoms by reaction in liquid solution and in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a titanium-containing component of the formula Cp.sub.2 TiXY, wherein Cp represents an optionally alkyl-substituted cyclopentadienyl group, X represents a substituent selected from the class consisting of halogen atoms and alkyl groups, and Y represents a halogen atom, (b) an alkylaluminum halide, and (c) a nitrogen Lewis base, with the provision that the liquid solution contain at least about 0.05 millimol of the titanium-containing component per mol of alpha, beta-unsubstituted 1-alkene, with the provision that the solution comprise the alkylaluminum halide in molar excess over the titanium-containing component, and with the provision that the solution contain a quantity of the nitrogen Lewis base such that the molar ratio of nitrogen Lewis base to the alkylaluminum halide is at least about 0.1.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the liquid solution is between about 0° C. and 80° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 2, wherein the titanium-containing component of formula Cp 2 TiXY has as its substituent X a component selected from the class consisting of a chlorine atom and alkyl groups of one to five carbon atoms, and as its substituent Y a chlorine atom.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 2, wherein the alkylaluminum halide is an ethylaluminum halide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 2, wherein the nitrogen Lewis base is tertiary amine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the alkylaluminum halide is an ethylaluminum halide and the nitrogen Lewis base is a tertiary amine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the titanium-containing component is dicyclopentadienyltitanium dichloride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 4, wherein the alkylaluminum halide is ethylaluminum dichloride.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 5, wherein the nitrogen Lewis base is 1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 2, wherein the solution contains at least about 0.5 millimol of titanium-containing component per mol of alpha,beta-unsubstituted 1-alkene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 10, wherein the catalyst has a molar ratio of alkylaluminum halide to titanium-containing component in the range of about 4 to 20.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 11, wherein the molar ratio of alkylaluminum halide to titanium-containing component is in the range of about 10 to 15.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 11, wherein the catalyst has a molar ratio of nitrogen Lewis base to alkylaluminum halide in the range of about 0.2 to 0.5.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 2, wherein the temperature of the liquid solution is between about 10° C. and 40° C.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-02-24 | 1984-08-25 | 1985-02-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-02-24 | 1988-08-25 | 1989-02-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-02-24 | 1992-08-25 | 1993-02-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |