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US4251930A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Astronomical/astrological chart

Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1979-07-18
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Granted: 1981-02-24
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Expires: 1999-07-18
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Abstract

Abstract An astronomical chart and projection system for mapping celestial movement plots the longitudinal positions of planets, as measured along the ecliptic, against time in a rectilinear coordinate system with each of the planets being represented by a line on the chart, such a line being designated the "major line" of the planet. The major line corresponding to at least one of the planets is repeated at fixed longitudinal displacements from itself to generate harmonic reproductions, typically at 45 degree intervals. These harmonic reproductions allow a user to immediately extract aspect information between the planet whose major line is harmonically reproduced and other planets, whether or not harmonically reproduced. The longitude and time axes preferably have a common origin at respective longitude and time coordinates corresponding to the vernal equinox, thus permitting sidereal and tropical time information to be extracted from the chart by simple linear scaling of coordinates. The chart is rendered especially useful for astronomers by the provision of a two-dimensional reproduction of the stars located within a band about the ecliptic. The information is color coded in order that the different major lines and their harmonics be readily identifiable.

Inventors

  • 👤 John G. Laver

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-01 05:06
CPC Classifications
G; G09; G09B; G09B27/00; G09B27/04

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim 141 words
In an astronomical chart and celestial mapping system for locating the longitudinal positions of astronomical objects and time as viewed from earth along the ecliptic and for deriving astronomical, astrological, and navigational information based thereon, such a chart having time measured along the first axis and longitudinal position measured along a second axis, with each of the objects being represented by a line that specifies its longitudinal position as a function of time, the improvement wherein the line corresponding to a first of said objects is repeated at a fixed longitudinal displacement from itself to generate a harmonic reproduction of said line, said longitudinal displacement being an integral submultiple of 360 degrees such that the intersection of said harmonic reproduction with the line corresponding to a second of said objects signifies a particular angular relationship between said first and second objects.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 141 words
In an astronomical chart and celestial mapping system for locating the longitudinal positions of astronomical objects and time as viewed from earth along the ecliptic and for deriving astronomical, astrological, and navigational information based thereon, such a chart having time measured along the first axis and longitudinal position measured along a second axis, with each of the objects being represented by a line that specifies its longitudinal position as a function of time, the improvement wherein the line corresponding to a first of said objects is repeated at a fixed longitudinal displacement from itself to generate a harmonic reproduction of said line, said longitudinal displacement being an integral submultiple of 360 degrees such that the intersection of said harmonic reproduction with the line corresponding to a second of said objects signifies a particular angular relationship between said first and second objects.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 50 words
The invention of claim 1 in which a two-dimensional reproduction of the stars located in a band about the ecliptic is extended along said second axis defining longitudinal position so that the position of one of said objects may be observed in relation to the actual configuration of the stars.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 37 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said axes have respective termination points at a longitudinal position and time corresponding to the vernal equinox, thus permitting sidereal and tropical time information to be extracted from the same chart.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 132 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein one of the objects is the earth's sun, and further comprising a separate relatively movable scale commensurate with said second axis and graduated in time with a 360 degree longitude interval corresponding to a 24-hour interval, said scale having marks indicative of hourly time thereon, one mark of which corresponds to noon, such that when said scale is placed on said chart parallel to said second axis at a position along said first axis corresponding to a particular day in question with said mark indicative of noon being superimposed on said line corresponding to the sun, the approximate time of day for the upper meridian transit of a given object is given by the intersection of the line corresponding to said given object with said scale.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 58 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein calendar time measured along said first axis is with respect to local time on the west coast of the United States so that for longitudinal positions corresponding to 0000 hours on a given calendar date, all major populated areas throughout the world have a local time characterized by the same calendar date.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 83 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said objects include the group of seven objects comprising the sun, the moon, and the five planets visible with the naked eye, wherein each of the group of seven objects is uniquely associated with a particular day of the week and a particular color, wherein the line for a given object of said group of seven objects has superimposed thereon indicia carrying the given object's corresponding color at time coordinates corresponding to the given object's corresponding day.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 60 words
The invention of claim 1 wherein said objects include the sun and the moon, and wherein harmonic reproductions are provided at 90 degree intervals for the line corresponding to the sun such that intersections of the line corresponding to the moon with said line corresponding to the sun and 90 degrees harmonic reproductions thereof define the phases of the moon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 70 words
The invention of claim 7, also having thereon a line corresponding to the longitudinal position of the moon's node as a function of time to permit the prediction of the occurrence of solar and lunar eclipses by ascertaining whether the points on the chart defining new moon and full moon fall within predetermined longitudinal distances of the moon's node at the time corresponding to the new moon and full moon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 26 words
The invention of claim 1 also comprising a relatively movable rule commensurate with said second axis and having indicia of longitude corresponding to said second axis.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 80 words
The invention of claim 3 wherein one of the objects is the earth's sun and wherein said second axis has indicia measuring longitude in terms of tropical longitude, equatorial longitude, and sidereal time along the ecliptic, such that the alignment of the sun's position on the ecliptic longitude scale with the sidereal time scale determines the actual sidereal hour at noon, standard time, and also provides the upper meridian passage of a given object in hours and degrees right ascension.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 223 words
An astronomical chart presenting a celestial mapping system for locating the longitudinal and time positions of astronomical objects including the sun, the moon, and at least one planet within the earth's solar system as viewed from earth along the ecliptic and for deriving astronomical, astrological, and navigational information based thereon by allowing the user to associate standard time notation and calendar notation with astronomical phenomena and then relate this astronomical phenomena directly to local hour language, said chart having time measured along a first axis and longitudinal position measured along a second axis, each of said axes having a respective termination point at a longitudinal position and time corresponding to the vernal equinox, a two-dimensional reproduction of the stars located in a band about the ecliptic being extended along said second axis, with each of the objects being represented by a primary line that specifies its longitudinal position as a function of time, and at least one secondary line displaced from said primary line by a fixed longitudinal displacement to generate a harmonic reproduction of said primary line, said longitudinal displacement being an integral submultiple of 360 degrees such that the intersection of the secondary line of a first of said objects with the primary line of a second of said objects signifies a particular angular relationship between said first and second objects.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 223 words
An astronomical chart presenting a celestial mapping system for locating the longitudinal and time positions of astronomical objects including the sun, the moon, and at least one planet within the earth's solar system as viewed from earth along the ecliptic and for deriving astronomical, astrological, and navigational information based thereon by allowing the user to associate standard time notation and calendar notation with astronomical phenomena and then relate this astronomical phenomena directly to local hour language, said chart having time measured along a first axis and longitudinal position measured along a second axis, each of said axes having a respective termination point at a longitudinal position and time corresponding to the vernal equinox, a two-dimensional reproduction of the stars located in a band about the ecliptic being extended along said second axis, with each of the objects being represented by a primary line that specifies its longitudinal position as a function of time, and at least one secondary line displaced from said primary line by a fixed longitudinal displacement to generate a harmonic reproduction of said primary line, said longitudinal displacement being an integral submultiple of 360 degrees such that the intersection of the secondary line of a first of said objects with the primary line of a second of said objects signifies a particular angular relationship between said first and second objects.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 298 words
In an astronomical chart and celestial mapping system for locating the longitudinal positions of astronomical objects and time as viewed from the earth along the ecliptic and for deriving astronomical, astrological, and navigational information based thereon, such a chart having time measured along a first axis and longitudinal position measured along a second axis, with each of the objects being represented by a line that specifies its longitudinal position as a function of time, the improvement wherein: said axes have respective termination points at a longitudinal position and time corresponding to the vernal equinox, thus permitting sidereal and tropical time information to be extracted from the same chart; said second axis has indicia measuring longitude in terms of tropical longitude, equatorial longitude, and sidereal time; calendar time measured along said first axis is with respect to local time on the west coast of the United States so that for longitudinal positions corresponding to 0000 hours on a given calendar date, all major populated areas throughout the world have a local time characterized by the same calendar date; said objects include the group of seven objects comprising the sun, the moon, and the five planets visible with the naked eye, wherein each of the group of seven objects is uniquely associated with a particular day of the week and a particular color, wherein the line for a given object of said group of seven objects has superimposed thereon indicia carrying the given object's corresponding color at time coordinates corresponding to the given object's corresponding day; and a two-dimensional reproduction of the stars located in a band about the ecliptic is extended along said second axis defining longitudinal position so that the position of one of said objects may be observed in relation to the actual configuration of the stars.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 298 words
In an astronomical chart and celestial mapping system for locating the longitudinal positions of astronomical objects and time as viewed from the earth along the ecliptic and for deriving astronomical, astrological, and navigational information based thereon, such a chart having time measured along a first axis and longitudinal position measured along a second axis, with each of the objects being represented by a line that specifies its longitudinal position as a function of time, the improvement wherein: said axes have respective termination points at a longitudinal position and time corresponding to the vernal equinox, thus permitting sidereal and tropical time information to be extracted from the same chart; said second axis has indicia measuring longitude in terms of tropical longitude, equatorial longitude, and sidereal time; calendar time measured along said first axis is with respect to local time on the west coast of the United States so that for longitudinal positions corresponding to 0000 hours on a given calendar date, all major populated areas throughout the world have a local time characterized by the same calendar date; said objects include the group of seven objects comprising the sun, the moon, and the five planets visible with the naked eye, wherein each of the group of seven objects is uniquely associated with a particular day of the week and a particular color, wherein the line for a given object of said group of seven objects has superimposed thereon indicia carrying the given object's corresponding color at time coordinates corresponding to the given object's corresponding day; and a two-dimensional reproduction of the stars located in a band about the ecliptic is extended along said second axis defining longitudinal position so that the position of one of said objects may be observed in relation to the actual configuration of the stars.
Claim 16
Independent Claim 160 words
A method of determining the approximate time of day for the upper meridian transit of a celestial object comprising the steps of: providing a chart having time measured along a first axis and longitudinal position along the ecliptic measured along a second axis, with the longitudinal positions of the sun and the celestial object being represented by respective lines specifying longitudinal position as a function of time; providing a separate relatively movable scale commensurate with the second axis and graduated in time with a 360° longitude interval corresponding to a 24-hour interval, said scale having marks indicative of hourly time thereon, one mark of which corresponds to noon; placing said scale on said chart parallel to said second axis with the mark corresponding to noon superimposed on the line representative of the sun's longitudinal position for the day in question; and reading the point of intersection between the line representative of the celestial object's longitude with the relatively movable scale.
Claim 17
Independent Claim 160 words
A method of determining the approximate time of day for the upper meridian transit of a celestial object comprising the steps of: providing a chart having time measured along a first axis and longitudinal position along the ecliptic measured along a second axis, with the longitudinal positions of the sun and the celestial object being represented by respective lines specifying longitudinal position as a function of time; providing a separate relatively movable scale commensurate with the second axis and graduated in time with a 360° longitude interval corresponding to a 24-hour interval, said scale having marks indicative of hourly time thereon, one mark of which corresponds to noon; placing said scale on said chart parallel to said second axis with the mark corresponding to noon superimposed on the line representative of the sun's longitudinal position for the day in question; and reading the point of intersection between the line representative of the celestial object's longitude with the relatively movable scale.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US1880476A Cited
US2314353A Cited
US2495211A Cited
US3751830A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1984-02-24 1984-08-25 1985-02-24 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1988-02-24 1988-08-25 1989-02-24 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1992-02-24 1992-08-25 1993-02-24 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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