Composite photography system

Claim 2

In a composite photography system of the registered matte type having foreground and background camera optical systems and objects constituting a reference frame for each camera optical system in a scene in the field of view of each camera, the size of the objects in the background scene being on a scale different from that of objects in the foreground scene and means for coordinating the movement of each camera optical system, the improvement comprising; a substantially stationary entrance pupil position being maintained in respectively the foreground and background optical systems during a focusing mode of operation, and means for maintaining a substantially constant magnification ratio of image to object during a variable focussing of at least one of the foreground and background optical systems whereby the composite registration scale of the foreground and background objects are maintained.

Claim 3

The invention of claim 1 further including means for preventing any substantial differential movement of the respective entrance pupils as a function of field angle from the center of the field of view to the corner.

Claim 4

The invention of claim 2 wherein the means for preventing movement result from the optical design of the lens system elements.

Claim 5

The invention of claim 1 further including means for focusing the background camera optical system with negligible changes in chromatic aberration and negligible changes in monochromatic aberrations such as spherical aberration being introduced into the optical system.

Claim 6

The invention of claim 1 wherein the foreground optical system includes a stop member and a focussing lens group movable in the image space of the stop member.

Claim 7

The invention of claim 1 wherein the background optical system includes a telecentric objective lens group.

Claim 8

The invention of claim 6 wherein the background optical system further includes a stop member and a focussing lens group movable in the space between the telecentric objective and the stop member, the telecentric objective lens group remains stationary during focussing with respect to the object and the focal plane.

Claim 9

The invention of claim 1 further including optical rotating means to control rotation of the background image.

Claim 10

The invention of claim 1 wherein the background optical system includes a pair of alternative lens groups for selective inclusion in the optical system, a first lens group providing a relatively wide field of view when inserted in the optical system and a second lens group providing a relatively narrower field of view when it is substituted for the first lens group in the optical system.

Claim 11

The invention of claim 9 wherein the entrance pupil position remains at approximately the same position with either the first lens group and the second lens group.

Claim 12

The invention of claim 9 wherein each alternative lens group is a doublet.

Claim 13

The invention of claim 1 wherein the magnification ratio and focal length of the lens systems vary less than one part in 750 during focussing.

Claim 14

The invention of claim 1 further including an aspherical field lens in the background optical system to control spherical aberration of the pupil.

Claim 15

The invention of claim 1 wherein the background camera optical system includes a plurality of lens elements and has an external stationary entrance pupil in the object space before the first lens element.

Claim 16

The invention of claim 14 wherein a scan mirror is provided in the background camera optical system to reflect object images into the optical system, the scan mirror is positioned substantially at the spatial position of the external stationary entrance pupil.

Claim 17

The invention of claim 1 wherein the magnification ratio and focal length of the lens systems vary less than one part in 3000 during focussing.

Claim 18

In a composite photography system of the registered matte type having foreground and background camera optical systems and objects constituting a reference frame for each camera optical system in a scene in the field of view of each camera, means for coordinating the movement of each camera optical system and means for combining selected portions of the background and foreground scenes into a composite output image, the improvement comprising; means for providing a substantially stationary entrance pupil position in both the background and foreground optical systems during a variable focussing mode of operation of at least one of the foreground and background optical systems.

Claim 19

In a composite photography system of the registered matte type having foreground and background camera optical systems and objects constituting a reference frame for each camera optical system in a scene in the field of view of each camera, means for coordinating the movement of each camera optical system and means for combining selected portions of the background and foreground scenes into a composite output image, the improvement comprising; means for providing a substantially stationary entrance pupil position in both the background and foreground optical systems during a variable focussing mode of operation of at least one of the foreground and background optical systems.

Claim 20

The invention of claim 17 further including means for preventing any substantial differential movement of the respective entrance pupils during any change in the field angle from the center of the field of view to the corner.

Claim 21

The invention of claim 17 further including means for focussing the background camera optical system with negligible changes in chromatic aberration and negligible changes in monochromatic aberrations such as spherical aberration being introduced into the optical system.

Claim 22

The invention of claim 17 wherein the foreground camera optical lens system comprises the following design parameters; ______________________________________ ELEMENT R.sub.1 R.sub.2 T N/V ______________________________________ L.sub.1 243.7806 7.7411 .3000 1.487/70.4 .5239 L.sub.2 -2.0702 40.1118 .2300 1.785/26.1 .3438 L.sub.3 -6.3980 -2.1841 .4933 1.750/35.0 .0200 L.sub.4 2.5033 27.2883 .6200 1.682/48.2 .8520 1.517/64.2 L.sub.5 2.1219 .9908 .4200 2.5308 APERTURE STOP 1.2888-1.1050* L.sub.6 5.6598 1.9319 .3250 1.755/27.6 .1978 L.sub.7 -10.6363 -.9291 .3919 1.517/52.2 L.sub.8 -.9291 -1.7537 .1500 1.699/30.1 .0200-.0430* L.sub.9 3.9300 -2.1984 .3500 1.613/57.4 .9526-1.1125* L.sub.10 INF INF 2.590 1.517/64.2 ______________________________________ wherein R 1 is the object side radius of curvature, R 2 is the image side radius of curvature, T is the axial spacings, N is the index of refraction, V is the Abbe number and * is the focusing motion for object distance from infinity to 25 inches.

Claim 23

The invention of claim 17 wherein the foreground camera optical lens system comprises the following design parameters; ______________________________________ ELEMENT R.sub.1 R.sub.2 T N/V ______________________________________ L.sub.1 7.1881 1.7284 .3000 1.613/57.4 .5172 L.sub.2 -69.6418 2.2998 .1800 1.613/57.4 .4688 L.sub.3 -4.9464 4.1043 .1800 1.613/57.4 .2847 L.sub.4 4.8318 2.0249 .1800 1.755/27.6 L.sub.5 2.0249 -3.2428 1.2791 1.702/41.0 .0250 L.sub.6 2.7201 -10.6614 .7156 1.639/55.4 .3827 L.sub.7 3.7041 1.1792 .2400 1.678/55.2 3.1259 APERTURE STOP 1.2303-1.2114* L.sub.8 3.0262 1.7214 .1500 1.755/27.6 .1610 L.sub.9 5.7825 -1.0570 .4878 1.532/48.8 L.sub.10 -1.0570 -2.0138 .1500 1.755/27.6 .0250 L.sub.11 2.6075 -2.4395 .4000 1.518/65.1 .5200-.5389* L.sub.12 ∞ ∞ 2.597 1.517/64.2 ______________________________________ wherein R 1 is the object side radius of curvature, R 2 is the image side radius of curvature, T is the axial spacings, N is the index of refraction, V is the Abbe number and * is the focusing motion for object distance from infinity to 27.3 inches.

Claim 24

The invention of claim 17 wherein the background camera optical lens system comprises the following design parameters; __________________________________________________________________________ ELEMENT R.sub.1 R.sub.2 T N/V __________________________________________________________________________ ENTRANCE PUPIL .600 L.sub.1 -.3831 -.5001 .1800 1.689/31.2 L.sub.2 -.5001 -.6377 .2778 1.682/48.2 .0200 L.sub.3 9.2843 -1.6608 .2991 1.682/48.2 .9704 L.sub.4 20.0454 -1.2503 .4130 1.682/48.2 L.sub.5 -1.2503 -58.4298 .1496 1.785/25.8 .1908 L.sub.6 1.8554 A(1) .2812 1.623/56.9 1.5507-2.2492* .0100 L.sub.7 -1.1587 -1.3603 .4497 1.620/63.5 9.4116 (N.A.) 33.1327 (W.A.) L.sub.8 -65.5888(WA) 114.8079(WA) .2500 1.717/29.5 -27.1614(NA) 9.7697(NA) .2500 (N.A.) .2875 (W.A.) L.sub.9 41.6919(WA) -20.4917(WA) .3750 (W.A.) 1.620/63.5 16.3449(NA) -4.4304(NA) 5.2465-4.5480* APERTURE STOP (W.A. ONLY) 0.0 (W.A.) 15.0077 (N.A.) L.sub.10 INF INF 12.6360 1.517/64.2 13.2643 L.sub.11 12.9564 -6.9700 .4564 1.620/63.5 .0639 L.sub.12 -6.7227 121.1455 .2500 1.613/44.3 11.3847 APERTURE STOP (N.A. ONLY) 5.3327 L.sub.13 5.1092 1.9027 .1200 1.648/33.9 L.sub.14 1.9027 -35.4037 .3200 1.517/64.2 2.500 L.sub.15 INF INF 2.597 1.517/64.2 __________________________________________________________________________ ASPHERIC CONSTANTS ##STR3## ASPHERIC CURV K A B __________________________________________________________________________ A(1) .11292133 0.000000 .0666574 -.0641578 C D .103504 -.061565 __________________________________________________________________________ wherein R 1 is the object side radius of curvature, R 2 is the image side radius of curvature, T is the axial spacings, N is the index of refraction, V is the Abbe number, * is the focusing motion for object distance from infinity to 3 inches, (NA) is a removable narrow angle lens element, and (WA) is a wide angle lens element.

Claim 25

The invention of claim 17 wherein the background camera optical lens system comprises the following design parameters; __________________________________________________________________________ ELEMENT R.sub.1 R.sub.2 T N/V __________________________________________________________________________ ENTRANCE PUPIL .4100 L.sub.1 -.5333 -2.7433 .2306 1.755/27.6 L.sub.2 -2.7433 -.9113 .3613 1.682/48.2 .0194 L.sub.3 -13.5624 -1.5431 .3833 1.682/48.2 L.sub.4 5.5455 -1.7100 .6000 1.682/48.2 L.sub.5 -1.7100 -81.2716 .1916 1.785.25.8 .0321 L.sub.6 2.1318 -175.3409 .4806 1.744/44.8 .0180 L.sub.7 522.5875 A(1) .1916 1.620/63.5 .8225-1.9045* L.sub.8 -1.2290 -1.4284 .3861 1.658/50.9 32.5192 (W.A.) 10.0380 (N.A.) L.sub.9 -52.3494 (WA) 76.8036(WA) .3203 1.717/29.5 -47.9893 (NA) 10.9762(NA) .2500 (W.A.) .0800 (N.A.) L.sub.10 31.0225 (WA) -19.6256(WA) .5518 1.620/63.5 19.4363 (NA) -4.6536(NA) 6.8501-5.7681* APERTURE STOP (N.A. ONLY) 0.0000 (W.A.) 15.9712 (N.A.) L.sub.11 INF INF 17.6000 1.517/64.2 2.6000 L.sub.12 12.5564 -5.7128 .6383 1.620/63.5 .1305 L.sub.13 -5.3975 636.0106 .3203 1.613/44.3 12.3913 APERTURE STOP (W.A. ONLY) 5.2425 L.sub.14 4.9701 1.9843 .1500 1.648/33.9 L.sub.15 1.9843 102.0188 .3203 1.517/64.2 .4500 L.sub.16 INF INF 1.500 1.000 __________________________________________________________________________ ASPHERIC CONSTANTS IMAGE ##STR4## ASPHERIC CURVE K A B __________________________________________________________________________ A(1) .45941698 0.000000 .0300514 -.00289859 C D __________________________________________________________________________ .00441495 .000174108 __________________________________________________________________________ wherein R 1 is the object side radius of curvature, R 2 is the image side radius of curvature, T is the axial spacings, N is the index of refraction, V is the abbe number, * is the focussing motion for object distance from infinity to 3 inches, (NA) is a removable narrow angle line element and (WA) is a wide angle lens element.

Claim 26

The invention of claim 17 wherein the foreground camera optical lens system comprises the following design parameters; ______________________________________ ELEMENTS R.sub.1 R.sub.2 T N/V ______________________________________ L.sub.1 12.4688 2.9120 .4500 1.603/60.6 .5552 L.sub.2 -4.5092 7.0685 .3000 1.673/32.2 .4044 L.sub.3 -10.7271 -4.3698 .0500 1.750/35.0 .0300 L.sub.4 5.0559 -5.1674 .0699 1.658/50.9 .7719 L.sub.5 2.3470 1.8769 .0300 1.487/70.4 3.9626 APERTURE STOP .3329-2578* L.sub.6 17.0981 2.7320 .2000 1.785/26.1 .1976 L.sub.7 11.2713 -1.4236 .4530 1.596/39.2 L.sub.8 -1.4236 -3.8002 .8000 1.762/27.0 .0300 L.sub.9 4.0857 -3.0846 .0300 1.658/50.9 .0306-7573* L.sub.10 3.0368 1.9587 .0402 1.487/70.4 ______________________________________ wherein R 1 is the object side radius of curvature, R 2 is the image side radius of curvature, T is the axial spacings, N is the index of refraction, V is the Abbe number and * is the focussing motion for object distance from infinity to 30 inches.

Claim 27

The invention of claim 17 wherein the foreground camera optical lens system comprises the following design parameters; ______________________________________ ELEMENT R.sub.1 R.sub.2 T N/V ______________________________________ L.sub.1 21.4461 2.7274 .6500 1.548/45.8 .7609 L.sub.2 7.1074 2.7086 .3500 1.734/51.7 .3016 L.sub.3 12.6902 3.3383 .3500 1.734/51.7 .9032 L.sub.4 -6.4653 2.3432 .2657 1.717/29.5 L.sub.5 2.3432 -3.7542 1.3140 1.691/54.8 .2832 L.sub.6 4.6005 -5.9661 .8030 1.689/30.6 .0200 L.sub.7 1.9606 1.3756 .3000 1.487/70.4 3.0626 APERTURE STOP .3330-.2657* L.sub.8 3.6598 1.3909 .1594 1.653/39.7 .1033 L.sub.9 15.3539 -.7371 .2873 1.487/70.4 L.sub.10 -.7371 1.4814 .1594 1.653/39.7 L.sub.11 1.4814 -1.7368 .5000 1.691/54.8 .1404-.1699* L.sub.12 5.9981 -2.3572 .4550 1.620/63.5 .1448-.1826* L.sub.13 INF INF 1.5000 1.517/64.2 1.0000 ______________________________________ wherein R 1 is the object side radius of curvature, R 2 is the image side radius of curvature, T is the axial spacings, N is the index of refraction, V is the Abbe number and * is the focusing motion for object distance from infinity to 27 inches.

Claim 28

The invention of claim 17 wherein the background optical system includes a telecentric objective lens group.

Claim 29

The invention of claim 26 wherein the background optical system further includes a stop member and a focussing lens group movable in the space between the telecentric objective and the stop member, the telecentric objective lens group remains stationary during focussing with respect to the object and the focal plane.

Claim 30

The invention of claim 17 wherein the foreground optical system includes a stop member and a focussing lens group movable in the image space of the stop member.

Claim 31

The invention of claim 17 further including optical rotating means to control rotation of the background image.

Claim 32

The invention of claim 29 wherein the optical rotating means includes a dove prism.

Claim 33

The invention of claim 17 wherein the background optical system includes a pair of alternative lens groups for selective inclusion in the optical system, a first lens group providing a relatively wide field of view when inserted in the optical system and a second lens group providing a relatively narrower field of view when it is substituted for the first lens group in the optical system.

Claim 34

The invention of claim 31 wherein the entrance pupil position remains at approximately the same position with either the first lens group and the second lens group.

Claim 35

The invention of claim 17 wherein each alternative lens group is a doublet.

Claim 36

The invention of claim 17 wherein the magnification ratio and focal length of the lens systems vary less than one part in 750 during focussing.

Claim 37

The invention of claim 17 further including an aspherical field lens in the background optical system to control spherical aberration of the pupil.

Claim 38

The invention of claim 17 wherein the background camera optical system includes a plurality of lens elements and has an external stationary entrance pupil in the object space before the first lens element.

Claim 39

The invention of claim 36 wherein a scan mirror is provided in the background camera optical system to reflect object images into the optical system, the scan mirror is positioned substantially at the spatial position of the external stationary entrance pupil.

Claim 40

The invention of claim 17 wherein the magnification ratio and focal length of the lens system vary less than one part in 3000 during focussing.

Claim 41

A coordinated dual optical system of an effective predetermined field angle capable of providing a composite image while permitting different focal lengths to be used in each optical system comprising; a first optical system having a plurality of lens elements and a first entrance pupil; a second optical system having a plurality of lens elements and a second entrance pupil; means for focussing the respective optical systems, including means for focussing the background camera optical system with negligible changes in chromatic aberration and negligible changes in monochromatic aberrations such as spherical aberration being introduced into the optical system; means for coordinating the movement of each optical system, and means for maintaining a substantially constant magnification ratio of image to object during a variable focussing of at least one of the optical systems.

Claim 42

A coordinated dual optical system of an effective predetermined field angle capable of providing a composite image while permitting different focal lengths to be used in each optical system comprising; a first optical system having a plurality of lens elements and a first entrance pupil; a second optical system having a plurality of lens elements and a second entrance pupil; means for focussing the respective optical systems, including means for focussing the background camera optical system with negligible changes in chromatic aberration and negligible changes in monochromatic aberrations such as spherical aberration being introduced into the optical system; means for coordinating the movement of each optical system, and means for maintaining a substantially constant magnification ratio of image to object during a variable focussing of at least one of the optical systems.

Claim 43

The invention of claim 39 further including means for providing a substantially stationary entrance pupil position in both the first and second optical systems during a focussing mode of operation in either of the optical systems.

Claim 44

The invention of claim 40 further including means for preventing any substantial differential movement of the respective entrance pupils as a function of field angle from the center of the field of view to the corner.

Claim 45

The invention of claim 41 wherein the means for preventing movement results from the optical design of the lens system elements.

Claim 46

The invention of claim 40 wherein the second optical system includes a telecentric objective lens group.

Claim 47

The invention of claim 43 wherein the second optical system further includes a focussing lens group movable between the telecentric objective lens group and the stop member, the telecentric objective lens group remains stationary during focussing with respect to the object and the focal plane.

Claim 48

The invention of claim 43 wherein the first optical system includes a stop member and a focussing lens group movable between the telecentric objective lens group and the stop member.

Claim 49

The invention of claim 40 further including optical rotating means to control rotation of the transmitted image in one of the optical systems.

Claim 50

The invention of claim 46 wherein the optical rotating means includes a prism.

Claim 51

The invention of claim 40 wherein the second optical system includes a pair of alternative lens groups for selective inclusion in the optical system, a first lens group providing a relatively wide field of view when inserted in the optical system and a second lens group providing a relatively narrower field of view when it is substituted for the first lens group in the optical system.

Claim 52

The invention of claim 48 wherein the entrance pupil position remains at approximately the same position with the first lens group and the second lens group.

Claim 53

The invention of claim 40 wherein each alternative lens group is a doublet.

Claim 54

The invention of claim 40 further including an aspherical field lens in the second optical system to control spherical aberration of the pupil.

Claim 55

The invention of claim 40 wherein the second optical system includes an external stationary entrance pupil in the object space before the first lens element.

Claim 56

The invention of claim 52 wherein a scan mirror is provided in the second optical system to reflect object images into the second optical system, the scan mirror is positioned substantially at the spatial position of the external stationary entrance pupil.

Claim 57

The invention of claim 40 wherein the magnification ratio and focal length of the lens system vary less than one part in 3000 during focussing.