US4246344A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of detecting adherent cells
Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1979-04-09
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Granted: 1981-01-20
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Expires: 1999-04-09
Abstract
Abstract A method is disclosed for the direct quantitative measurement of adherent cells in a liquid sample. The method consists of contacting and incubating the sample with a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency, washing and drying the oscillator and determining its change in frequency.
Inventors
- 👤 Spencer F. Silver, III
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 08:37
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/5005; G01N33/5094
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A method for the direct quantitative measurement of adherent cells in a liquid sample comprising the steps of: a. contacting said liquid sample with the surface of a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency; b. incubating said sample and said oscillator for a sufficient period of time to allow said cells to contact said surface; c. washing and drying said oscillators; and d. determining the change in frequency of said oscillator from said premeasured frequency.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
76 words
A method for the direct quantitative measurement of adherent cells in a liquid sample comprising the steps of: a. contacting said liquid sample with the surface of a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency; b. incubating said sample and said oscillator for a sufficient period of time to allow said cells to contact said surface; c. washing and drying said oscillators; and d. determining the change in frequency of said oscillator from said premeasured frequency.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said oscillator is a quartz crystal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said cells are leukocytes derived from peripheral blood.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 3 wherein said leukocytes are selected from the group consisting of granulocytes and mononuclear cells.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said cells are derived from a source selected from the group consisting of lymph nodes and fluid, thymus, spleen and peritoneal exudate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said cells are fibroblasts.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of pretreating said oscillator with autologous serum prior to step a.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of adding autologous serum to said liquid sample prior to step a.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said liquid sample contains fetal calf serum.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said oscillator has a layer of a positively charged material applied thereto prior to step a.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method according to claim 10 wherein said positively charged material is poly(2-hydroxy-3-dimethylamino-1,4-butane).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said oscillator has a layer of a negatively charged material applied thereto prior to step a.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 12 wherein said negatively charged material is gum arabic.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said oscillator has a layer of polystyrene applied thereto prior to step a.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein said oscillator has a layer of an antigen applied thereto prior to step a.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method according to claim 15 wherein said antigen is selected from the group consisting of viral antigens, parasitic antigens, fungal antigens, tumor antigens, antigenic products of viruses, antigenic products of parasites, antigenic products of fungi, antigenic products of tumors, and plant derived lectins.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 15 wherein said antigen is selected from the group consisting of contact dermatitis antigens and autoimmune disease-associated antigens.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method according to claim 15 wherein said antigen is a microbial antigen.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for the direct quantitative measure of chemotaxis comprising the steps of: a. placing at least one drop of liquid sample containing a chemotactic agent on the surface of a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency; b. covering said drop with a porous membrane; c. placing at least one drop of a liquid sample containing cells over said membrane; d. allowing the product of steps a-c to incubate for a sufficient period of time to allow said cells to migrate through said membrane to surface of said oscillator; e. removing said porous membrane; f. washing and drying said oscillator; and g. determining the change in frequency of said oscillator from said premeasured frequency.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for the direct quantitative measure of chemotaxis comprising the steps of: a. placing at least one drop of liquid sample containing a chemotactic agent on the surface of a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency; b. covering said drop with a porous membrane; c. placing at least one drop of a liquid sample containing cells over said membrane; d. allowing the product of steps a-c to incubate for a sufficient period of time to allow said cells to migrate through said membrane to surface of said oscillator; e. removing said porous membrane; f. washing and drying said oscillator; and g. determining the change in frequency of said oscillator from said premeasured frequency.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method according to claim 19 wherein said cells used in step c are leukocytes derived from peripheral blood.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method according to claim 19 wherein said cells are derived from a source selected from the group consisting of lymph nodes and fluid, thymus, spleen and peritoneal exudate.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for the direct quantitative measurement of phagocytosis comprising to steps of: a. contacting a liquid sample containing cells and a predetermined number of particles with the surface of a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency; b. incubating said sample and said oscillator for a sufficient period of time to allow said cells to contact said surface; c. washing and drying said oscillators; and d. determining the change in frequency of said oscillator from said premeasured frequency.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for the direct quantitative measurement of phagocytosis comprising to steps of: a. contacting a liquid sample containing cells and a predetermined number of particles with the surface of a piezoelectric oscillator having a premeasured resonant frequency; b. incubating said sample and said oscillator for a sufficient period of time to allow said cells to contact said surface; c. washing and drying said oscillators; and d. determining the change in frequency of said oscillator from said premeasured frequency.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method according to claim 22 wherein said liquid sample contains autologous serum.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 22 wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of zymosan starch and polystyrene latex.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-01-20 | 1984-07-21 | 1985-01-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-07-21 | 1989-01-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-01-20 | 1992-07-21 | 1993-01-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |