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US4232355A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Ionization voltage source

Assignee: Santek Inc
•
Filing: 1979-01-08
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Granted: 1980-11-04
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Expires: 1999-01-08
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Abstract

Abstract A voltage source adapted to excite a gas-ionization electrode so as to generate copious amounts of ionized gas without, however, producing measurable amounts of undesirable reactive or toxic chemical by-products. Yielded by the source is a unipolar voltage wave having a steady state DC component which, though below the ionization potential, serves to condition the gas to promote ionization. Imposed on the steady-state component is a gas-ionization component in the form of low-frequency surges, each composed of a short series of high-frequency pulses having a brief duration and an extremely high peak amplitude. The duration of the surge pulses is insufficient to break down the gas chemically, but the amplitude thereof is such as to effect intense gas ionization. The steady-state component prevents the electric field from collapsing completely in the intervals between pulses, thereby keeping the gas at a level approaching its ionization potential.

Inventors

  • 👤 Richard H. Finger
  • 👤 Thomas J. Michel

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-30 04:43
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01T; H01T23/00; B; B03; B03C; B03C3/00; B03C3/34; B03C3/66

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim 218 words
A voltage source adapted to apply voltage excitation to a gas-ionization electrode in a wave form resulting in the generation of copious amounts of ionized gas without, however, producing substantial amounts of undesirable chemical by-products, the time required to produce incipient dielectric breakdown resulting in said byproducts being greater than that required to effect ionization of the gas, said gas having a predetermined ionization potential, said source comprising: A means to produce a unipolar voltage wave having a steady state direct-current component which is below said ionization potential yet at a level serving to create an electric field conducive to subsequent gas-ionization; and B means to impose a gas-ionization component on the steady state component in the form of periodic surges which are separated by relatively long intervals, each surge being composed of at least one sharp unipolar pulse having a steep rise time and a fast slew rate, and having a high peak amplitude, the duration of the pulse relative to the incipient breakdown time being insufficient to break down the gas chemically, but the peak amplitude thereof being such as to effect intense ionization of the gas, the steady state component acting to prevent the electric field from collapsing completely in the interval between surges, thereby keeping the gas at a level approaching its ionization potential.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 218 words
A voltage source adapted to apply voltage excitation to a gas-ionization electrode in a wave form resulting in the generation of copious amounts of ionized gas without, however, producing substantial amounts of undesirable chemical by-products, the time required to produce incipient dielectric breakdown resulting in said byproducts being greater than that required to effect ionization of the gas, said gas having a predetermined ionization potential, said source comprising: A means to produce a unipolar voltage wave having a steady state direct-current component which is below said ionization potential yet at a level serving to create an electric field conducive to subsequent gas-ionization; and B means to impose a gas-ionization component on the steady state component in the form of periodic surges which are separated by relatively long intervals, each surge being composed of at least one sharp unipolar pulse having a steep rise time and a fast slew rate, and having a high peak amplitude, the duration of the pulse relative to the incipient breakdown time being insufficient to break down the gas chemically, but the peak amplitude thereof being such as to effect intense ionization of the gas, the steady state component acting to prevent the electric field from collapsing completely in the interval between surges, thereby keeping the gas at a level approaching its ionization potential.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 26 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 1, wherein the peak amplitude of said pulse is in a range of about 5 to 150 kilovolts.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 20 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 1, wherein each surge is composed of a series of high-frequency pulses.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 20 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 3, wherein said pulses in the series are of constant peak amplitude.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 21 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 3, wherein said pulses in the series have peak amplitudes which decay exponentially.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 44 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 1, wherein said voltage source includes a transformer which is shock excited at a low-frequency rate to produce, in response to each shock, a series of high-frequency pulses which are rectified to produce said ionization component.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 18 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 6, wherein said transformer is of the open-core ferrite type.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 36 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 6, wherein shock excitation of said transformer is effected by a capacitor that is periodically charged at said low-frequency rate and discharged through the primary of said transformer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 18 words
A voltage source as set forth in claim 8, wherein said capacitor is discharged through a silicon-controlled rectifier.
Claim 11
Independent Claim 162 words
The method of ionizing a gas such as free air to produce a copious supply of ions without the concomitant production of undesirable chemical by-products such as ozone, the time required to produce incipient dielectric breakdown resulting in said by-products being greater than that required to effect ionization of the gas, said method comprising the steps of: A applying to an ionization electrode a unipolar voltage having a steady state component which is below the ionization potential of the gas yet serves to stress the gas to render it conducive to subsequent ionization; and B imposing on said steady state component an ionization component constituted by periodic surges separated by relatively long time intervals, each surge including at least one sharp unipolar pulse having a steep rise time and a fast slew rate, and having a peak amplitude inducing intense ionization of the gas, the pulse duration relative to the incipient breakdown time being insufficient to effect chemical breakdown of the gas.
Claim 12
Independent Claim 162 words
The method of ionizing a gas such as free air to produce a copious supply of ions without the concomitant production of undesirable chemical by-products such as ozone, the time required to produce incipient dielectric breakdown resulting in said by-products being greater than that required to effect ionization of the gas, said method comprising the steps of: A applying to an ionization electrode a unipolar voltage having a steady state component which is below the ionization potential of the gas yet serves to stress the gas to render it conducive to subsequent ionization; and B imposing on said steady state component an ionization component constituted by periodic surges separated by relatively long time intervals, each surge including at least one sharp unipolar pulse having a steep rise time and a fast slew rate, and having a peak amplitude inducing intense ionization of the gas, the pulse duration relative to the incipient breakdown time being insufficient to effect chemical breakdown of the gas.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 192 words
A voltage source adapted to apply voltage excitation to an electrode in a wave form resulting in the establishment of an intense electrostatic field without, however, producing substantial amounts of undesirable chemical by-products, said gas having a predetermined ionization potential, the time required to produce incipient dielectric breakdown resulting in said by-products being greater than that required to effect ionization of the gas, said source comprising: A means to produce a unipolar voltage wave having a steady state direct-current component which is well below said ionization potential; and B means to impose a pulsatory component on the steady state component in the form of periodic surges which are separated by relatively long intervals, each surge being composed of at least one sharp unipolar pulse having a steep rise time and a fast slew rate and having a high peak amplitude, the duration of the pulse relative to the incipient dielectric breakdown time being insufficient to break down the gas chemically, but the peak amplitude thereof being such as to produce an intense electrostatic field, the steady state component acting to prevent the electric field from collapsing completely in the interval between surges.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 192 words
A voltage source adapted to apply voltage excitation to an electrode in a wave form resulting in the establishment of an intense electrostatic field without, however, producing substantial amounts of undesirable chemical by-products, said gas having a predetermined ionization potential, the time required to produce incipient dielectric breakdown resulting in said by-products being greater than that required to effect ionization of the gas, said source comprising: A means to produce a unipolar voltage wave having a steady state direct-current component which is well below said ionization potential; and B means to impose a pulsatory component on the steady state component in the form of periodic surges which are separated by relatively long intervals, each surge being composed of at least one sharp unipolar pulse having a steep rise time and a fast slew rate and having a high peak amplitude, the duration of the pulse relative to the incipient dielectric breakdown time being insufficient to break down the gas chemically, but the peak amplitude thereof being such as to produce an intense electrostatic field, the steady state component acting to prevent the electric field from collapsing completely in the interval between surges.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3716966A Cited
US3315444A Cited
US3740925A Cited
US3984215A Cited
US4138233A Cited
US4103202A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1983-11-04 1984-05-05 1984-11-04 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1987-11-04 1988-05-05 1988-11-04 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1991-11-04 1992-05-05 1992-11-04 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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