Operation of a coal deashing process

Claim 2

In a coal deashing process for separating a feed mixture into a light phase and a heavy phase having fluid-like properties within a separation zone, said separation zone being maintained at an elevated temperature and at a pressure greater than 550 psig. to effect said separation, said feed mixture being formed by contacting, in a mixing zone, a feed comprising soluble coal products and insoluble coal products with a solvent maintained at an elevated temperature and pressure, said feed mixture being in a ratio by weight of solvent to feed greater than one, said solvent consisting essentially of at least one substance having a critical temperature below 800 degrees F. selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons having a single benzene nucleus and normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., cycloparaffin hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., open chain mono-olefin hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., open chain saturated hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., mono-, di, and tri-open chain amines containing from about 2-8 carbon atoms, carbocyclic amines having a monocyclic structure containing from about 6-9 carbon atoms, heterocyclic amines containing from about 5-9 carbon atoms, and phenols containing from about 6-9 carbon atoms and their homologs, said feed mixture being separated in said separation zone into said light phase and said heavy phase after which said light phase and said heavy phase are individually withdrawn from said separation zone, the improvements which comprise, during periods in which flow of said feed to said mixing zone is interrupted: (a) providing an alternate solvent flow path by which the flow of said solvent maintained at elevated temperature and pressure is diverted from said mixing zone during said periods in which flow of said feed to said mixing zone is interrupted and is introduced into a conduit through which said light phase is withdrawn from said separation zone to maintain the elevated pressure within said separation zone; and (b) maintaining the temperature level of said separation zone from which the flow of said solvent has been diverted at said elevated temperature while also maintaining said elevated pressure level to maintain the fluid-like properties of said heavy phase.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein said separation zone is maintained at an elevated temperature and pressure to effect a separation of said feed defined further as: maintaining said separation zone at a temperature level in the range of from about 400 degrees F. to about 700 degrees F. and a pressure level in the range of from about 600 psig to about 1500 psig.

Claim 4

The process of claim 1 wherein maintaining the temperature level of said separation zone about which the flow of said solvent is diverted is defined further as: introducing a heating fluid into a heating jacket surrounding the apparatus of said separation zone to maintain the elevated temperature within said separation zone.

Claim 5

The process of claim 1 defined further to include the step of: maintaining the elevated temperature and pressure within said mixing zone about which the flow of said solvent is diverted to maintain said feed mixture contained therein in equilibrium and thereby retain the fluid-like properties of said feed mixture.

Claim 6

The process of claim 4 wherein maintaining the temperature level within said mixing zone is defined further as: introducing a heating fluid into a heating jacket surrounding the apparatus of said mixing zone to maintain the elevated temperature within said mixing zone.

Claim 7

The process of claim 1 defined further to include the step of: returning the flow of said diverted solvent from said alternate solvent flow path to a flow path through said mixing zone and said separation zone in such a manner as to maintain the elevated pressure within said separation zone upon termination of the feed flow interruption.

Claim 8

The process of claim 1 wherein providing an alternate solvent flow path is defined further as: providing an alternate flow path by which the flow of elevated temperature and pressure solvent is diverted around said mixing zone and said separation zone during periods in which flow of said feed is interrupted while maintaining fluid communication between said separated phases within said separation zone and said diverted solvent to maintain said elevated pressure within said separation zone.

Claim 9

In a coal deashing process for separating a feed mixture into a light phase and a heavy phase having fluid-like properties within a separation zone, said separation zone being maintained at an elevated temperature and at a pressure greater than 550 psig. to effect said separation, said feed mixture being formed by contacting, in a mixing zone, a feed comprising soluble coal products and insoluble coal products with a solvent maintained at an elevated temperature and pressure, said feed mixture being in a ratio by weight of solvent to feed greater than one, said solvent consisting essentially of at least one substance having a critical temperature below 800 degrees F. selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons having a single benzene nucleus and normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., cycloparaffin hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., open chain mono-olefin hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., open chain saturated hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., mono-, di, and tri-open chain amines containing from about 2-8 carbon atoms, carbocyclic amines having a monocyclic structure containing from about 6-9 carbon atoms, hererocyclic amines containing from about 5-9 carbon atoms, and phenols containing from about 6-9 carbon atoms and their homologs, said feed mixture being introduced into said separation zone through an entry conduit and separated in said separation zone into said light phase and said heavy phase, and said light phase and said heavy phase are withdrawn through a light phase withdrawal conduit and a heavy phase withdrawal conduit, respectively, from said separation zone, the improvements which comprise, during periods in which flow of said feed to said mixing zone is interrupted: (a) providing an alternate solvent flow path by which the flow of said solvent maintained at elevated temperature and pressure is diverted from said mixing zone during said periods in which flow of said feed to said mixing zone is interrupted, and maintaining fluid communication through said light phase withdrawal conduit between said diverted solvent and said separated phases in said separation zone to maintain said elevated pressure level within said separation zone; (b) providing means for blocking said feed mixture entry conduit to said separation zone to assist in maintaining said elevated pressure within said separation zone; (c) providing means for blocking said heavy phase withdrawal conduit to assist in maintaining said elevated pressure within said separation zone; and (d) maintaining the temperature level of said separation zone at the elevated temperature level at which said separation is effected while also maintaining said elevated pressure level to maintain the fluid-like properties of said heavy phase.

Claim 10

In a coal deashing process for separating a feed mixture into a light phase and a heavy phase having fluid-like properties within a separation zone, said separation zone being maintained at an elevated temperature and at a pressure greater than 550 psig. to effect said separation, said feed mixture being formed by contacting, in a mixing zone, a feed comprising soluble coal products and insoluble coal products with a solvent maintained at an elevated temperature and pressure, said feed mixture being in a ratio by weight of solvent to feed greater than one, said solvent consisting essentially of at least one substance having a critical temperature below 800 degrees F. selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons having a single benzene nucleus and normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., cycloparaffin hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., open chain mono-olefin hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., open chain saturated hydrocarbons having normal boiling points below about 310 degrees F., mono-, di, and tri-open chain amines containing from about 2-8 carbon atoms, carbocyclic amines having a monocyclic structure containing from about 6-9 carbon atoms, hererocyclic amines containing from about 5-9 carbon atoms, and phenols containing from about 6-9 carbon atoms and their homologs, said feed mixture being introduced into said separation zone through an entry conduit and separated in said separation zone into said light phase and said heavy phase, and said light phase and said heavy phase are withdrawn through a light phase withdrawal conduit and a heavy phase withdrawal conduit, respectively, from said separation zone, the improvements which comprise, during periods in which flow of said feed to said mixing zone is interrupted: (a) providing an alternate solvent flow path by which the flow of said solvent maintained at elevated temperature and pressure is diverted from said mixing zone during said periods in which flow of said feed to said mixing zone is interrupted, and maintaining fluid communication through said light phase withdrawal conduit between said diverted solvent and said separated phases in said separation zone to maintain said elevated pressure level within said separation zone; (b) providing means for blocking said feed mixture entry conduit to said separation zone to assist in maintaining said elevated pressure within said separation zone; (c) providing means for blocking said heavy phase withdrawal conduit to assist in maintaining said elevated pressure within said separation zone; and (d) maintaining the temperature level of said separation zone at the elevated temperature level at which said separation is effected while also maintaining said elevated pressure level to maintain the fluid-like properties of said heavy phase.