Patent US847672A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4226752A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4226752A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Emulsion process for polymer particles
Assignee: Akzo Nobel Paints LLC
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Filing: 1979-03-28
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Granted: 1980-10-07
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Expires: 1999-03-28
Abstract
Abstract An improved two-step process for producing large size emulsion polymer particles includes the steps of providing uniform size polymer particles in the first stage followed by a controlled second stage monomer polymerization which overcomes stability problems in large size composite emulsion polymer particle systems, and is particularly useful in coatings, adhesives, and plastics.
Inventors
- 👤 James R. Erickson
- 👤 Robert J. Seidewand
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 12:57
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F265/00; C08F265/04; C08F257/00; C08F257/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
168 words
An improved emulsion polymerization process for producing large particle size emulsion polymer particles wherein the improvement comprises: providing substantially monodispersed polymer seed particles between 500 A and 8,000 A and having a Dw/Dn of between about 1.0 and 1.1 wherein Dw is the particle weight average diameter and Dn is the particle number average diameter, said polymer seed particles being a homopolymer or copolymer containing a polymerized monomer selected from styrene, acrylate, or methacrylate; increasing the size of said polymer seed particles by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated second stage monomers selected from styrene, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid onto said polymer seed particles in the presence of surfactants consisting essentially of non-ionic and anionic surfactants comprising by weight between about 30% and 98% non-ionic surfactant, said surfactant being present in the second stage processing sufficient to provide between about 105% and 1000% of theoretical polymer seed coverage to produce polymer particles containing by weight between about 5% and 95% polymerized second stage monomers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
168 words
An improved emulsion polymerization process for producing large particle size emulsion polymer particles wherein the improvement comprises: providing substantially monodispersed polymer seed particles between 500 A and 8,000 A and having a Dw/Dn of between about 1.0 and 1.1 wherein Dw is the particle weight average diameter and Dn is the particle number average diameter, said polymer seed particles being a homopolymer or copolymer containing a polymerized monomer selected from styrene, acrylate, or methacrylate; increasing the size of said polymer seed particles by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated second stage monomers selected from styrene, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid onto said polymer seed particles in the presence of surfactants consisting essentially of non-ionic and anionic surfactants comprising by weight between about 30% and 98% non-ionic surfactant, said surfactant being present in the second stage processing sufficient to provide between about 105% and 1000% of theoretical polymer seed coverage to produce polymer particles containing by weight between about 5% and 95% polymerized second stage monomers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polymer seed particles are a copolymer of said polymerized monomer copolymerized with ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and said polymer particles contain between about 20% and 80% by weight of polymerized second stage monomers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polymer seed particles are a homopolymer of styrene.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polymer seed particles are a homopolymer of acrylate monomer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polymer seed particles are a homopolymer of methacrylate monomer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the second stage polymer is a homopolymer of styrene.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the second stage polymer is a homopolymer of acrylate monomer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the second stage polymer is a homopolymer of methacrylate monomer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surfactants in the second stage processing provide between about 105% and 500% surface coverage of said polymer seed particles.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surfactants in the second stage processing provide between about 105% and 350% surfactant coverage of said seed particles, and the second stage polymerization of said ethylenically unsaturated monomers is substantially free of producing second stage new polymer particles whereby substantially all composite large polymer particles are produced.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-10-07 | 1984-04-07 | 1984-10-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-10-07 | 1988-04-07 | 1988-10-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-10-07 | 1992-04-07 | 1992-10-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |