Accelerators for radical polymerization reactions with initiators free from peroxide groups

Claim 2

In the process of initiating radically initiatable polymerization reactions with peroxide-group-free thermolabile initiators of the 1,2-diphenyl ethane type, the improvement comprises accelerating said reactions by introducing into said reaction 0.01 to 2.0% by weight of an amine which does not decompose to radicals at temperatures below 250° C.; said amine being a compound selected from the group consisting of (a) aromatic, acyclic and cyclic aliphatic, and aliphatic-aromatic primary, secondary and tertiary amines, or (b) cyclic aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines containing a second hetero atom selected from oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen, with the provision that said amine contains no more than 24 carbon atoms.

Claim 3

The process according to claim 1 wherein said amine contains no more than 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 4

The process according to claim 1 wherein the accelerator is selected from the group consisting of: dimethyl amine, trimethyl amine, ethyl amine, diethyl amine, triethyl amine, n-propyl amine, di-n-propyl amine, tri-n-propyl amine, isopropyl amine, diisopropyl amine, triisopropyl amine, n-butyl amine, isobutyl amine, t-butyl amine, di-n-butyl amine, diisobutyl amine, tri-isobutyl amine, pentyl amine, isopentyl amine, diisopentyl amine, hexyl amine, octyl amine, dodecyl amine, lauryl amine, stearyl amine, aminoethanol, diethanol amine, triethanol amine, aminohexanol, ethoxy aminoethane, dimethyl-(2-chloroethyl) amine, 2-ethylhexyl amine, bis-(2-chloroethyl) amine, 2-ethylhexyl amine, bis-(2-ethylhexyl) amine, N-methyl stearylamine, dialkyl amines, ethylene diamine, N.N'-dimethyl ethylene diamine, tetramethyl ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, permethyl diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, 1.2-diaminopropane, di-propylene triamine, tripropylene tetramine, 1.4-diamino butane, 1.6-diamino hexane, 4-amino-1-diethyl aminopentane, 2.5-diamino-2.5-dimethyl hexane, trimethyl hexamethylene diamine, N.N-dimethyl aminoethanol, 2-(2-diethylamino ethoxy) ethanol, bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-oleyl amine, tris-[2-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]amine, 3-amino-1-propanol, methyl-(3-aminopropyl)ether, ethyl-(3-aminopropyl)ether, 1.4-butane diol-bis(3-aminopropyl ether), 3-dimethylamino-1-propanol, 1-amino-2-propanol, 1-diethylamino-2-propanol, diisopropanol amine, methyl-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-amine, tris-(2-hydroxypropyl) amine, 4-amino-2-butanol, 2-amino-2-methylpropanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanediol, 2-amino-2-hydroxymethylpropanediol, 5-diethylamino-2-pentanone, 3-methylaminopropionic acid nitrile, 6-aminohexanoic acid, 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 6-aminohexanoic acid ethyl ester, 11-aminohexanoic acid isopropyl ester, cyclohexyl amine, N-methylcyclohexyl amine, N.N-dimethylcyclohexyl amine, dicyclohexyl amine, N-ethylcyclohexyl amine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-cyclohexyl amine, N.N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-cyclohexyl amine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-cyclohexyl amine, aminomethyl cyclohexane, hexahydro toluidine, hexahydro benzylamine, aniline, N-methyl aniline, N.N-dimethyl aniline, N.N-diethyl aniline, N.N-di-propyl aniline, isobutyl aniline, toluidines, diphenyl amine, hydroxyethyl aniline, bis-(hydroxyethyl) aniline, chloro-aniline, aminophenols, aminobenzoic acids and their esters, benzyl amine, dibenzyl amine, tribenzyl amine, methyldibenzyl amine, α-phenylethyl amine, xylidine, diisopropyl aniline, dodecyl aniline, amino naphthalene, N-methyl aminonaphthalene, N.N-dimethyl aminonaphthalene, N.N-dibenzyl naphthalene, diamino cyclohexane, 4.4'-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane, diamino-dimethyl-dicyclohexyl methane, phenylene diamine, xylylene diamine, diamino biphenyl, naphthalene diamines, toluidines, benzidines, 2.2-bis-(aminophenyl)-propane, amino anisoles, amino-thiophenols, aminodiphenyl ethers, amino cresols, morpholine, N-methyl morpholine, N-phenyl morpholine, hydroxyethyl morpholine, N-methyl pyrrolidine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, hydroxyethyl piperidine, pyrrols, pyridines, chinolines, indoles, indolenines, carbazoles, pyrazoles, imidazoles, thiazoles, pyrimidines, chinoxalines, amino morpholine, dimorpholine ethane, [2,2,2]-diazabicyclo octane.