US4215033A — Composite dental material

Claim 1

Independent Claim 135 words

In a dental resin composite comprising a resin and a nontoxic filler, the improvement which comprises employment of a filler comprising a substantially transparent inorganic glass material which is a two-phase vitreous mixture of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of strontium oxide (SrO), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc oxide (ZnO), and which is substantially free of monovalent elements, wherein the refractive indexes of the phases are within the range of 1.45 to 1.75; wherein the morphologies of the phases are two continuous, interpenetrating networks of submicroscopic dimension which interlock and twist one phase through the other; and wherein one of the phases is partially removed at the surface to define pores.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 135 words

In a dental resin composite comprising a resin and a nontoxic filler, the improvement which comprises employment of a filler comprising a substantially transparent inorganic glass material which is a two-phase vitreous mixture of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of strontium oxide (SrO), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc oxide (ZnO), and which is substantially free of monovalent elements, wherein the refractive indexes of the phases are within the range of 1.45 to 1.75; wherein the morphologies of the phases are two continuous, interpenetrating networks of submicroscopic dimension which interlock and twist one phase through the other; and wherein one of the phases is partially removed at the surface to define pores.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 19 words

The material of claim 1 wherein the range of depth of the pores is about 10 to 10,000 angstroms.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 20 words

The material of claim 1 wherein the depth of the pores is in the range of 250 to 300 angstroms.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 20 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises generally spherical particles with a diameter of less than 5.0 millimeters.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 18 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises flakes of generally less than 100μ meters in thickness.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 18 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises fibers of generally less than 75 μm in diameter.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 21 words

The material of claim 1 wherein the overall apparent refractive index is within the range of n D 1.5 to 1.6.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 21 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said mixture includes strontium oxide from said group and wherein said mixture is substantially radiopaque.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 52 words

The material of claim 1 wherein the surface of the material is treated with an organofunctional silane adhesion promoting coupling agent whereby a chemical adhesion mechanism and a bonding mechanism involving physical penetration and interlocking contribute to the improved integrity and durability of the glass material in combination with an organic resin.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 18 words

The material of claim 1 in combination with a polymerizable liquid organic resin to form a composite material.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 46 words

The material of claim 1 wherein the components of the two phase glass material are modified up to about 25 mole % by at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide and tungsten oxide.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 34 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises about 48 weight % silicon dioxide, about 14 weight % boron oxide, about 8 weight % aluminum oxide and about 30 weight % strontium oxide.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 34 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises about 48 weight % silicon dioxide, about 16 weight % boron oxide, about 15 weight % aluminum oxide and about 20 weight % calcium oxide.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 37 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises a mixture of about 46 weight % silicon dioxide, about 5 weight % boron oxide, about 24 weight % aluminum oxide and about 25 weight % zinc oxide.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 32 words

The material of claim 1, wherein the boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ) plus aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) are equimolar to strontium oxide (SrO) plus calcium oxide (CaO).

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 67 words

The material of claim 1 wherein said material comprises a mixture of about 33 to 80 mole % silicon dioxide, 7 to 33 mole % boron oxide, 1 to 17 mole % aluminum oxide and either 3to 33 mole % strontium oxide or 5 to 25 mole % calcium oxide or 3 to 33 mole % of a combination of strontium oxide, calcium oxide and zinc oxide.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 19 words

The material of claim 2, 3 or 7 wherein said material contains 3 to 33 mole % strontium oxide.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 12 words

The material of claim 17 wherein said material contains no monovalent elements.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 87 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 51.4 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 15.2 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), 9.1 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and 24.3 mole % calcium oxide (CaO), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 87 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 51.4 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 15.2 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), 9.1 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and 24.3 mole % calcium oxide (CaO), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 87 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 58 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 15 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), 6 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and 21 mole % strontium oxide (SrO), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 87 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 58 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 15 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), 6 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and 21 mole % strontium oxide (SrO), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 95 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 64.4 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 17.8 mole % strontium oxide (SrO), 4.4 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), 8.4 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), and 5 mole % tin oxide (SnO 2 ), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 95 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 64.4 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 17.8 mole % strontium oxide (SrO), 4.4 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), 8.4 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), and 5 mole % tin oxide (SnO 2 ), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 95 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 68.8 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 13.1 mole % strontium oxide (SrO), 9.4 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), 3.7 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and 5 mole % zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 95 words

Substantially transparent glass particles less than 5.0 millimeters in diameter consisting essentially of 68.8 mole % silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), 13.1 mole % strontium oxide (SrO), 9.4 mole % boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), 3.7 mole % aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and 5 mole % zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), said particles having as a morphology a two phase interpenetrating, twisting and interlocking network of submicroscopic dimension, with the low silica phase etched to a depth of less than 10,000 Angstroms, and suitable for use in a dental composite.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1983-07-29	1984-01-28	1984-07-29	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1987-07-29	1988-01-28	1988-07-29	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1991-07-29	1992-01-28	1992-07-29	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Composite dental material

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