Patent US4214977A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4214977A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hydrocracking of heavy oils using iron coal catalyst
Assignee: Ministry of Natural Resources and Wildlife
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Filing: 1979-03-14
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Granted: 1980-07-29
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Expires: 1999-03-14
Abstract
Abstract An improved process is described for the hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbon oil, such as oils extracted from tar sands. The charge oil in the presence of an excess of hydrogen is passed through a tubular hydrocracking zone, and the effluent emerging from the top of the zone is separated into a gaseous stream containing a wide boiling range material and a liquid stream containing heavy hydrocarbons. According to the novel feature, the charge oil is in the form of a slurry together with an iron-coal catalyst. The presence of this catalyst in the charge oil serves to greatly reduce coke precursors, such as benzene and pentane insolubles, and thereby prevent the formation of carbonaceous deposits in the reaction zone.
Inventors
- 👤 Ramaswami Ranganathan
- 👤 Jean-Marie D. Denis
- 👤 Barry B. Pruden
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 10:55
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/74; B01J23/745; B01J27/00; B01J27/02; B01J27/053; C; C10; C10G; C10G47/00; C10G47/02; C10G47/10; C10G47/24; C10G47/26
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
A process for hydrocracking a heavy hydrocarbon oil, a substantial proportion of which boils above 524° C. which comprises: (a) passing a slurry of said heavy hydrocarbon oil and an iron-coal catalyst in the presence of 500-50,000 s.c.f. of hydrogen per barrel of said hydrocarbon oil through a confined hydrocracking zone, said hydrocracking zone being maintained at a temperature between about 400° and 490° C., a pressure above 500 psig and a space velocity between about 0.5 and 4.0 volumes of heavy hydrocarbon oil per hour per volume of hydrocracking zone capacity, (b) removing from said hydrocracking zone a mixed effluent containing a gaseous phase comprising hydrogen and vaporous hydrocarbons and a liquid phase comprising heavy hydrocarbons, and (c) separating said effluent into a gaseous stream containing hydrogen and vaporous hydrocarbons and a liquid stream containing heavy hydrocarbons.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
138 words
A process for hydrocracking a heavy hydrocarbon oil, a substantial proportion of which boils above 524° C. which comprises: (a) passing a slurry of said heavy hydrocarbon oil and an iron-coal catalyst in the presence of 500-50,000 s.c.f. of hydrogen per barrel of said hydrocarbon oil through a confined hydrocracking zone, said hydrocracking zone being maintained at a temperature between about 400° and 490° C., a pressure above 500 psig and a space velocity between about 0.5 and 4.0 volumes of heavy hydrocarbon oil per hour per volume of hydrocracking zone capacity, (b) removing from said hydrocracking zone a mixed effluent containing a gaseous phase comprising hydrogen and vaporous hydrocarbons and a liquid phase comprising heavy hydrocarbons, and (c) separating said effluent into a gaseous stream containing hydrogen and vaporous hydrocarbons and a liquid stream containing heavy hydrocarbons.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the slurry is moved upwardly through a tubular reactor.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the iron compound is one which converts into iron sulphide under reaction conditions.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein the iron compound is an iron salt or an iron oxide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein the iron compound is iron sulphate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein at least 50 volume percent of said heavy hydrocarbon oil boils above 524° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein the catalyst contains 5-95% by weight of said iron compound.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 7 wherein the coal is a lignite or sub-bituminous coal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the coal is -60 mesh (Canadian Sieve).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the coal is -100 mesh.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the catalyst is present in an amount of 0.1-5% by weight based on heavy hydrocarbon oil charge stock.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the hydrocracking is conducted at a pressure in the range of 500 to 3,500 psig.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the mixed effluent is separated in a hot separator.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
44 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein the gaseous stream from the hot separator is cooled and separated in a low temperature separator into a gaseous stream containing hydrogen and lesser amounts of gaseous hydrocarbons and a liquid product stream containing light oil products.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-07-29 | 1984-01-28 | 1984-07-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-07-29 | 1988-01-28 | 1988-07-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-07-29 | 1992-01-28 | 1992-07-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |