Excavators

Claim 2

An excavator comprising a boom, a setting cylinder, and an intermediate piece pivoted to said boom for connection to an attachment, for example, a soil displacing trough, said attachment having locking means located near the upper front end of the trough, a fastening element positioned adjacent the upper rear end thereof and an intermediate upwardly facing abutment surface, said intermediate piece having two parallel interconnected parts in which connecting points are provided for pivotally connecting the boom and the setting cylinder, said connection point to the boom having a rotary shaft defining a rotary axis for the intermediate piece, said intermediate piece further having two spaced coupling members with the aid of which the intermediate piece is detachably connected with said attachment, one of said coupling members being positioned near the lower front edge of the intermediate piece and having a shape to permit insertion of a part thereof into engagement with the locking means of the attachment by rotation of the intermediate piece about said rotary axis to define a first coupling, the other coupling member being to the rear of said one coupling member and overlying said intermediate reaction surface and brought into engagement therewith by said rotation of the intermediate piece to provide a reaction coupling, and fastening means adjacent the rear of said intermediate piece and rearwardly of said coupling members having a fastening member engageable with said fastening element when the components of the first coupling and of the reaction coupling are engaged, and means operable after engagement between the fastening member and the fastening element for moving said fastening member in a direction to exert a pulling force on said fastening element and draw the rear parts of said intermediate piece and attachment toward each other and create a rotative force in a plane transverse to said rotary axis for downward compression of said other coupling member at the reaction coupling and a pull of said one coupling member against the attachment locking means to tighten the first coupling, said fastening means including a bolt insertable into the fastening element and spring mechanism formed by spring means surrounding the bolt and enclosed between two rings, and a spacer between said rings to limit the movement of the rings towards each other and hence compression of the spring means.

Claim 3

An excavator as claimed in claim 1 wherein the spacer is formed by a sleeve which is integral with one of the rings and which surrounds the spring means.

Claim 4

An excavator as claimed in claim 2 wherein the bolt is pivotally coupled with said attachment by means of a second sleeve and can be inserted into a slot of a plate forming part of the intermediate piece with the second sleeve located on one side of the plate and a head of the bolt with the spring means surrounding the bolt being located on the other side of the plate.

Claim 5

An excavator as claimed in claim 3 characterized in that a recess is provided in said plate for receiving the lower end of one of said rings surrounding the bolt, the diameter of said ring end being smaller than that of a ring portion located above said end.

Claim 6

An excavator as claimed in claim 3 wherein the bolt is screwed into the second sleeve having, in addition to an inner screwthread, an outer screwthread, the arrangement being such that when the bolt is tightened, the sleeve can be screwed tightly against the intermediate piece on the side remote from

Claim 7

An excavator as claimed in claim 5 wherein a second bolt is provided with the aid of which a force can be exerted on the intermediate piece in a direction opposite that of the force exerted by the spring means on the intermediate piece.

Claim 8

An excavator as claimed in claim 6 wherein said intermediate piece has a tapped hole receiving the second bolt and the head of said bolt cooperating with a vertical plate of the fastening means arranged on the attachment.

Claim 9

An excavator as claimed in claim 6 including a disc pivoted to one of said coupling members and the two bolts are screwed into said disc, the head of the second bolt cooperating with the lower side of a plate forming part of the intermediate piece.

Claim 10

An excavator comprising a boom, a setting cylinder, and an intermediate piece pivoted to said boom for connection to an attachment, for example, a soil displacing trough, said attachment having locking means located near the upper front end of the trough, a fastening element positioned adjacent the upper rear end thereof and an intermediate upwardly facing abutment surface, said intermediate piece having two parallel interconnected parts in which connecting points are provided for pivotally connecting the boom and the setting cylinder, said connection point to the boom having a rotary shaft defining a rotary axis for the intermediate piece further having two spaced coupling members with the aid of which the intermediate piece is detachably connected with said attachment, one of said coupling members being positioned near the lower front edge of the intermediate piece and having a shape to permit insertion of a part thereof into engagement with the locking means of the attachment by rotation of the intermediate piece about said rotary axis to define a first coupling, the other coupling member being to the rear of said one coupling member and overlying said intermediate reaction surface and brought into engagement therewith by said rotation of the intermediate piece to provide a reaction coupling, and fastening means adjacent the rear of said intermediate piece and rearwardly of said coupling members having a fastening member engageable with said fastening element when the components of the first coupling and of the reaction coupling are engaged, and means operable after engagement between the fastening member and the fastening element for moving said fastening member in a direction to exert a pulling force on said fastening element and draw the rear parts of said intermediate piece and attachment toward each other and create a rotative force in a plane transverse to said rotary axis for downward compression of said other coupling member at the reaction coupling and a pull of said one coupling member against the attachment locking means to tighten the first coupling, further including a profiled plate on said intermediate piece having a free, semicircular edge projecting away from the rotary shaft, and two spaced-apart vertical plates on said attachment which receive said profiled plate therebetween and having curved recesses on the lower side thereof positioned adjacent said locking means of the attachment to receive said semicircular edge whereby the intermediate piece is guided into engagement with the attachment by said profiled plate and the attachment may be lifted by a lifting force applied to said semicircular edge, said one coupling member having means defining a recess, and said locking means received in said recess, said coupling means being spaced from said edge of the profiled plate.

Claim 11

An excavator comprising a boom, a setting cylinder, and an intermediate piece pivoted to said boom for connection to an attachment, for example, a soil displacing trough, said attachment having locking means located near the upper front end of the trough, a fastening element positioned adjacent the upper rear end thereof and an intermediate upwardly facing abutment surface, said intermediate piece having two parallel interconnected parts in which connecting points are provided for pivotally connecting the boom and the setting cylinder, said connection point to the boom having a rotary shaft defining a rotary axis for the intermediate piece further having two spaced coupling members with the aid of which the intermediate piece is detachably connected with said attachment, one of said coupling members being positioned near the lower front edge of the intermediate piece and having a shape to permit insertion of a part thereof into engagement with the locking means of the attachment by rotation of the intermediate piece about said rotary axis to define a first coupling, the other coupling member being to the rear of said one coupling member and overlying said intermediate reaction surface and brought into engagement therewith by said rotation of the intermediate piece to provide a reaction coupling, and fastening means adjacent the rear of said intermediate piece and rearwardly of said coupling members having a fastening member engageable with said fastening element when the components of the first coupling and of the reaction coupling are engaged, and means operable after engagement between the fastening member and the fastening element for moving said fastening member in a direction to exert a pulling force on said fastening element and draw the rear parts of said intermediate piece and attachment toward each other and create a rotative force in a plane transverse to said rotary axis for downward compression of said other coupling member at the reaction coupling and a pull of said one coupling member against the attachment locking means to tighten the first coupling, further including a profiled plate on said intermediate piece having a free, semicircular edge projecting away from the rotary shaft, and two spaced-apart vertical plates on said attachment which receive said profiled plate therebetween and having curved recesses on the lower side thereof positioned adjacent said locking means of the attachment to receive said semicircular edge whereby the intermediate piece is guided into engagement with the attachment by said profiled plate and the attachment may be lifted by a lifting force applied to said semicircular edge, said one coupling member having means defining a recess, and said locking means received in said recess, said coupling means being spaced from said edge of the profiled plate.

Claim 12

An excavator comprising a boom, a setting cylinder, and an intermediate piece pivoted to said boom for connection to an attachment, for example, a soil displacing trough, said attachment having locking means located near the upper front end of the trough, a fastening element positioned adjacent the upper rear end thereof and an intermediate upwardly facing abutment surface, said intermediate piece having two parallel interconnected parts in which connecting points are provided for pivotally connecting the boom and the setting cylinder, said connection point to the boom having a rotary shaft defining a rotary axis for the intermediate piece, said intermediate piece further having two spaced coupling members with the aid of which the intermediate piece is detachably connected with said attachment, one of said coupling members being positioned near the lower front edge of the intermediate piece and having a shape to permit insertion of a part thereof into engagement with the locking means of the attachment by rotation of the intermediate piece about said rotary axis to define a first coupling, the other coupling member being to the rear of said one coupling member and overlying said intermediate reaction surface and brought into engagement therewith by said rotation of the intermediate piece to provide a reaction coupling, and fastening means adjacent the rear of said intermediate piece and rearwardly of said coupling members having a fastening member engageable with said fastening element when the components of the first coupling and of the reaction coupling are engaged, and means operable after engagement between the fastening member and the fastening element for moving said fastening member in a direction to exert a pulling force on said fastening element and draw the rear parts of said intermediate piece and attachment toward each other and create a rotative force in a plane transverse to said rotary axis for downward compression of said other coupling member at the reaction coupling and a pull of said one coupling member against the attachment locking means to tighten the first coupling, further including a profiled plate on said intermediate piece having a free, semicircular edge projecting away from the rotary shaft, and two spaced-apart vertical plates on said attachment which receive said profiled plate therebetween and having curved recesses on the lower side thereof to receive said semicircular edge whereby the intermediate piece is guided into engagement with the attachment by said profiled plate and the attachment may be lifted by a lifting force applied to said semicircular edge, said one coupling member including two further vertical plates secured to the attachment and having at least semicircular recesses open on the lower side and positioned outside the aforementioned vertical plates having the curved recesses open on the lower side, said intermediate piece having stub shafts defining said locking means and fitting in said semicircular recesses and located at a given distance from the semicircular edge of said profiled plate.

Claim 13

An excavator comprising a boom, a setting cylinder, and an intermediate piece pivoted to said boom for connection to an attachment, for example, a soil displacing trough, said attachment having locking means located near the upper front end of the trough, a fastening element positioned adjacent the upper rear end thereof and an intermediate upwardly facing abutment surface, said intermediate piece having two parallel interconnected parts in which connecting points are provided for pivotally connecting the boom and the setting cylinder, said connection point to the boom having a rotary shaft defining a rotary axis for the intermediate piece, said intermediate piece further having two spaced coupling members with the aid of which the intermediate piece is detachably connected with said attachment, one of said coupling members being positioned near the lower front edge of the intermediate piece and having a shape to permit insertion of a part thereof into engagement with the locking means of the attachment by rotation of the intermediate piece about said rotary axis to define a first coupling, the other coupling member being to the rear of said one coupling member and overlying said intermediate reaction surface and brought into engagement therewith by said rotation of the intermediate piece to provide a reaction coupling, and fastening means adjacent the rear of said intermediate piece and rearwardly of said coupling members having a fastening member engageable with said fastening element when the components of the first coupling and of the reaction coupling are engaged, and means operable after engagement between the fastening member and the fastening element for moving said fastening member in a direction to exert a pulling force on said fastening element and draw the rear parts of said intermediate piece and attachment toward each other and create a rotative force in a plane transverse to said rotary axis for downward compression of said other coupling member at the reaction coupling and a pull of said one coupling member against the attachment locking means to tighten the first coupling, further including a profiled plate on said intermediate piece having a free, semicircular edge projecting away from the rotary shaft, and two spaced-apart vertical plates on said attachment which receive said profiled plate therebetween and having curved recesses on the lower side thereof to receive said semicircular edge whereby the intermediate piece is guided into engagement with the attachment by said profiled plate and the attachment may be lifted by a lifting force applied to said semicircular edge, said one coupling member including two further vertical plates secured to the attachment and having at least semicircular recesses open on the lower side and positioned outside the aforementioned vertical plates having the curved recesses open on the lower side, said intermediate piece having stub shafts defining said locking means and fitting in said semicircular recesses and located at a given distance from the semicircular edge of said profiled plate.

Claim 14

In an excavator apparatus, connecting means for connecting an excavating attachment to an intermediate piece connected to a movable boom of the excavator apparatus, said connecting means comprising: a cylindrical support on the intermediate piece and provided with means defining a reaction surface; wall means defining a first recess on the attachment opening away from said reaction surface and a second, arcuate recess on the attachment adjacent said first recess; a locking element on the intermediate piece slidably engaging said wall means in said first recess; a reaction fulcrum pivot carried by said attachment and bearing against said reaction surface; means on said intermediate piece defining a rotation axis rotatably received in said second recess; and adjustable fastening means carried by said intermediate piece and acting against a portion of the attachment to prestress said fulcrum pivot against said reaction surface and said means defining said rotation axis against said wall means defining said second recess about said rotation axis.

Claim 15

In an excavator apparatus, connecting means for connecting an excavating attachment to an intermediate piece connected to a movable boom of the excavator apparatus, said connecting means comprising: a cylindrical support on the intermediate piece and provided with means defining a reaction surface; wall means defining a first recess on the attachment opening away from said reaction surface and a second, arcuate recess on the attachment adjacent said first recess; a locking element on the intermediate piece slidably engaging said wall means in said first recess; a reaction fulcrum pivot carried by said attachment and bearing against said reaction surface; means on said intermediate piece defining a rotation axis rotatably received in said second recess; and adjustable fastening means carried by said intermediate piece and acting against a portion of the attachment to prestress said fulcrum pivot against said reaction surface and said means defining said rotation axis against said wall means defining said second recess about said rotation axis.

Claim 16

An excavator as claimed in claim 11 characterized in that near an open front side the excavating attachment is provided with a supporting member which forms an upper boundary of the opening across which, in operation, the material is pushed into the excavating attachment and defining a portion of said excavating attachment.

Claim 17

The excavator structure of claim 11 wherein said adjustable fastening means includes threadedly adjustable means.

Claim 18

The excavator structure of claim 11 wherein said adjustable fastening means includes spring-biased threadedly adjustable means.

Claim 19

The excavator structure of claim 11 wherein said locking means and means defining a rotation axis define with said reaction fulcrum pivot a triangle.

Claim 20

The excavator structure of claim 11 wherein said adjustable means comprises spring means and means for applying an adjusted clamping force to said spring means.

Claim 21

The excavator apparatus of claim 11 wherein said locking element comprises a semicircular bar.

Claim 22

The excavator apparatus of claim 11 wherein said adjustable fastening means comprises elements threaded into a sleeve carried by the excavating attachment.

Claim 23

The excavator apparatus of claim 11 wherein said rotation axis defining means comprise stub shafts.