US4209593A — Semi-flexible shock-absorbing polyurethane foam p…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 185 words

An impact-absorbing and energy-absorbing, semi-flexible, open-cell polyurethane foam capable of repeatedly absorbing shock without structural damage, comprising a reaction product of: (a) a polyether triol having an hydroxyl number of from 25 to 115; (b) a modifying compound which is soluble in said triol (a) having a single reactive hydrogen site, selected from the group consisting of: (i) naphthalene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (ii) anthracene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (iii) phenanthrene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 and --SH; (iv) hydroabietyl alcohol; and (v) dehydroabietyl amine; (c) an aromatic polyisocyanate reactive with (a) to form a polyurethane; (d) at least one blowing agent selected from water and low boiling volatile organic liquid polyurethane blowing agents; (e) at least one substance which is a polyurethane chain-extender or crosslinking agent having at least two reactive hydrogens; and (f) a catalyst for polyurethane-forming reaction between the said triol (a) and the said polyisocyanate (c).

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 185 words

An impact-absorbing and energy-absorbing, semi-flexible, open-cell polyurethane foam capable of repeatedly absorbing shock without structural damage, comprising a reaction product of: (a) a polyether triol having an hydroxyl number of from 25 to 115; (b) a modifying compound which is soluble in said triol (a) having a single reactive hydrogen site, selected from the group consisting of: (i) naphthalene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (ii) anthracene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (iii) phenanthrene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 and --SH; (iv) hydroabietyl alcohol; and (v) dehydroabietyl amine; (c) an aromatic polyisocyanate reactive with (a) to form a polyurethane; (d) at least one blowing agent selected from water and low boiling volatile organic liquid polyurethane blowing agents; (e) at least one substance which is a polyurethane chain-extender or crosslinking agent having at least two reactive hydrogens; and (f) a catalyst for polyurethane-forming reaction between the said triol (a) and the said polyisocyanate (c).

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 14 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 1 in which the said (b) is (i).

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 13 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 2 in which the substituent is --OH.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 17 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 1 in which the said (b) is 2-naphthol or hydroabietyl alcohol.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 134 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 1 having the following properties: (a) a density of from 6 to 25 pounds per cubic foot; (b) a dynamic hysteresis loss of over 75%, a severity index of less than 1,000 seconds, and a peak deceleration of less than 200 G when a 12 inch by 12 inch by 2 inch test specimen of the foam is impacted with the flat end of a cylindrical head having 5.05 inches diameter and 40 pounds weight traveling at a velocity of 22 feet per second; (c) a rebound of 12-20% when a one pound steel ball is dropped from a height of 1.5 to 3 feet on a one inch thick sheet of the foam; and (d) the foam is capable of recovering repeatedly from a deflection of 75%.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 23 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 5 in which (a) is a poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) triol having a hydroxyl number of from 50 to 60.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 12 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 5 in which (b) is 2-naphthol.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 26 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 5 in which (c) is polymeric 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate having an equivalent weight of 125-245 and an isocyanate functionality of 2.6-3.0.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 46 words

A polyurethane foam as in claim 5 in which: (a) is a poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) triol having an hydroxyl number of from 50 to 60; (b) is 2-naphthol or hydroabietyl alcohol; (c) is polymeric 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate having an equivalent weight of 125-145 and an isocyanate functionality of 2.6-3.0.

Claim 11

Independent Claim 237 words

A method of making an impact-absorbing and energy-absorbing, semi-flexible, open-cell polyurethane foam capable of repeatedly absorbing shock without structural damage comprising providing a physical mixture of: (a) a polyether triol having an hydroxyl number of from 25 to 115 with, (b) a modifying compound which is soluble in said triol (a), without reacting with said triol (a), having a single reactive hydrogen site, selected from the group consisting of: (i) naphthalene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (ii) anthracene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (iii) phenanthrene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 and --SH; (iv) hydroabietyl alcohol; and (v) dehydroabietyl amine; thereafter combining said physical mixture of (a) and (b) in the unreacted state with: (c) an aromatic polyisocyanate; (d) at least one blowing agent selected from water and low boiling volatile organic liquid polyurethane blowing agent; (e) at least one substance which is a polyurethane chain-extender or crosslinking agent having at least two reactive hydrogens; and (f) a catalyst for polyurethane-forming reaction between the said triol (a) and the said polyisocyanate (c); whereby there is formed a polyurethane foam capable of load distribution and having enhanced impact- and energy-absorbing characteristics compared to an otherwise similar foam from which the said modifying compound (b) is omitted.

Claim 12

Independent Claim 237 words

A method of making an impact-absorbing and energy-absorbing, semi-flexible, open-cell polyurethane foam capable of repeatedly absorbing shock without structural damage comprising providing a physical mixture of: (a) a polyether triol having an hydroxyl number of from 25 to 115 with, (b) a modifying compound which is soluble in said triol (a), without reacting with said triol (a), having a single reactive hydrogen site, selected from the group consisting of: (i) naphthalene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (ii) anthracene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 , and --SH; (iii) phenanthrene substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH, --NH 2 and --SH; (iv) hydroabietyl alcohol; and (v) dehydroabietyl amine; thereafter combining said physical mixture of (a) and (b) in the unreacted state with: (c) an aromatic polyisocyanate; (d) at least one blowing agent selected from water and low boiling volatile organic liquid polyurethane blowing agent; (e) at least one substance which is a polyurethane chain-extender or crosslinking agent having at least two reactive hydrogens; and (f) a catalyst for polyurethane-forming reaction between the said triol (a) and the said polyisocyanate (c); whereby there is formed a polyurethane foam capable of load distribution and having enhanced impact- and energy-absorbing characteristics compared to an otherwise similar foam from which the said modifying compound (b) is omitted.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 13 words

A method as in claim 10 in which the said (b) is (i).

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 12 words

A method as in claim 11 in which the substituent is --OH.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 16 words

A method as in claim 10 in which the said (b) is 2-naphthol or hydroabietyl alcohol.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 138 words

A method as in claim 10 in which the polyurethane foam has the following properties: (a) a density of from 6 to 25 pounds per cubic foot; (b) a dynamic hysteresis loss of over 75%, a severity index of less than 1000 seconds, and a peak deceleration of less than 200 G when a 12 inch by 12 inch by 2 inch test specimen of the foam is impacted with the flat end of a cylindrical head having 5.05 inches diameter and 40 pounds weight traveling at a velocity of 22 feet per second; (c) a rebound of 12-20% when a one pound steel ball is dropped from a height of 1.5 to 3 feet on a one inch thick sheet of the foam; and (d) the foam is capable of recovering repeatedly from a deflection of 75%.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 22 words

A method as in claim 14 in which (a) is a poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) triol having a hydroxyl number of from 50 to 60.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 11 words

A method as in claim 14 in which (b) is 2-naphthol.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 25 words

A method as in claim 14 in which (c) is polymeric 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate having an equivalent weight of 125-145 and an isocyanate functionality of 2.6-3.0.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 45 words

A method as in claim 14 in which: (a) is a poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) triol having an hydroxyl number of from 50 to 60; (b) is 2-naphthol or hydroabietyl alcohol; (c) is polymeric 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate having an equivalent weight of 125-145 and an isocyanate functionality of 2.6-3.0.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 8 words

The product of the method of claim 10.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1983-06-24	1983-12-24	1984-06-24	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1987-06-24	1987-12-24	1988-06-24	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1991-06-24	1991-12-24	1992-06-24	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Semi-flexible shock-absorbing polyurethane foam prepared from a triol, a compound having a single reactive hydrogen, an aromatic polyisocyanate, blowing agent, chain-extender and a catalyst

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