US4191453A
Expired / Lapsed
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Iridium oxide based electrochromic devices
Assignee: AT&T Inc
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Filing: 1978-06-27
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Granted: 1980-03-04
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Expires: 1998-06-27
Abstract
Abstract Electrochromic devices based on anodic iridium oxide as the electrochromic material have been made. These devices exhibit long term stability, memory, and good response times, e.g., less than 80 msec. for reflectivity changes of about 70% (50 msec. for 50% changes). Devices using an anodic iridium oxide film immersed in a sulfate electrolyte have been operated for more than 6×10 5 coloration/bleaching cycles at 0.5 Hz without noticeable change in properties. Response times and stability are also improved by a heat treatment of the anodic iridium oxide at temperatures between 40 and 100 degrees C.
Inventors
- 👤 Gerardo Beni
- 👤 Shimshon Gottesfeld
- 👤 James D. E. McIntyre
- 👤 Joseph L. Shay
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 13:53
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/1514; G02F1/1523; G02F1/1525; G02F1/1524; G02F1/15245
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
71 words
An electrochromic device comprising a first electrode and a second electrode contacted with an electrolyte CHARACTERIZED IN THAT said first electrode contains anodic iridium oxide, said electrolyte has a pH in the range 2 to 12 and said electrolyte has an ionic conductivity greater than 0.01 ohm -1 cm -1 , whereby when an electrical potential is applied between said first electrode and said second electrode a reflectivity change is produced.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
71 words
An electrochromic device comprising a first electrode and a second electrode contacted with an electrolyte CHARACTERIZED IN THAT said first electrode contains anodic iridium oxide, said electrolyte has a pH in the range 2 to 12 and said electrolyte has an ionic conductivity greater than 0.01 ohm -1 cm -1 , whereby when an electrical potential is applied between said first electrode and said second electrode a reflectivity change is produced.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrochemical device of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte has a pH in the range 3.5 to 10.5.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The electrochromic device of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte is acidic.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrochromic device of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte contains sulfate ions.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrochromic device of claim 4 wherein said electrolyte anion content consists essentially of sulfate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrochromic device of claim 1 wherein said applied electrical potential is less than a potential which produces further substantial growth of said anodic iridium oxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electrochromic device of claim 1 wherein said first electrode is essentially free of elemental Ir.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-03-04 | 1983-09-03 | 1984-03-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-03-04 | 1987-09-03 | 1988-03-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-03-04 | 1991-09-03 | 1992-03-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |