US4173684A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Production of novel metal modified novolak resins and their use in pressure sensitive papers
Assignee: Mead Corp
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Filing: 1977-09-06
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Granted: 1979-11-06
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Expires: 1997-09-06
Abstract
Abstract A novel metal modified novolak resin is prepared. The metal modified novolak resin is an electron acceptor and is further characterized by its compatability with the surface properties of a paper substrate. The metal modified novolak resin comprises a reaction product of a novolak resin and a metal salt. The novolak resin is a reaction product of a mixture containing a para-substituted phenol selected from the group consisting of paraalkylphenols having alkyl groups of about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, paraphenylphenol and mixtures thereof, salicylic acid and formaldehyde. The novel metal modified novolak resin is prepared by heating a mixture containing one or more para-substituted phenols, salicylic acid, formaldehyde and an acid catalyst for a period of time sufficient to substantially completely react the phenols, salicylic acid and formaldehyde to form a melted novolak resin. The melted novolak resin is mixed with a zinc salt in a inert atmosphere to form the metal modified novolak resin. The metal modified novolak resin prepared as above can be coated on a paper substrate to produce a pressure-sensitive paper.
Inventors
- 👤 John J. Stolfo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 16:18
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G8/00; C08G8/28; B; B41; B41M; B41M5/00; B41M5/124; B41M5/132; B41M5/155; C08G8/04; C08G8/08; C08G8/24; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/913; Y10S428/914; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31536
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
152 words
A metal modified novolak resin, said metal modified novolak resin being an electron acceptor suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive copy system and being co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type, said metal modified novolak resin being further characterized by compatability with the surface properties of a paper substrate, said metal modified novolak resin comprising a reaction product of a novolak resin and a metal alkanoate salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the metal being selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt and nickel, said novolak resin being a reaction product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol selected from the group consisting of para-alkylphenols having an alkyl group of from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, para-phenylphenol and mixtures thereof; (b) salicylic acid; and (c) formaldehyde.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
152 words
A metal modified novolak resin, said metal modified novolak resin being an electron acceptor suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive copy system and being co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type, said metal modified novolak resin being further characterized by compatability with the surface properties of a paper substrate, said metal modified novolak resin comprising a reaction product of a novolak resin and a metal alkanoate salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the metal being selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt and nickel, said novolak resin being a reaction product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol selected from the group consisting of para-alkylphenols having an alkyl group of from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, para-phenylphenol and mixtures thereof; (b) salicylic acid; and (c) formaldehyde.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
The metal modified novolak resin of claim 1 wherein said metal salt is taken from the group consisting of copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt and nickel salts.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The metal modified novolak resin of claim 1 wherein said metal salt is a zinc salt of an alkanoic acid having from one to three carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The metal modified resin of claim 1 wherein said para-substituted phenol is para-tert-butylphenol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The metal modified resin of claim 1 wherein said para-substituted phenol is para-tert-octylphenol.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The metal modified resin of claim 1 wherein said para-substituted phenol is para-nonylphenol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The metal modified resin of claim 1 wherein said para-substituted phenol is a mixture of para-tert-octylphenol and para-tert-butylphenol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
79 words
The metal modified resin of claim 1 wherein said salicylic acid and said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said acid to said phenol of about 0.06 to 1 to about 0.5 to 1 and said formaldehyde and said salicylic acid plus said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said formaldehyde to said acid and said phenol of about 0.5 to 1 to about 1 to 1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The metal modified novolak resin of claim 1 wherein from about 0.5% to about 15% of metal by weight based on the total weight of phenol plus salicylic acid is present in said novolak resin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
205 words
A metal modified novolak resin said metal modified novolak resin being an electron acceptor suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive copy system and being co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type, said metal modified novolak resin being further characterized by compatability with the surface properties of a paper substrate, said metal modified novolak resin comprising a reaction product of a zinc salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and a novolak resin, said novolak resin being a reaction product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol, said para-substituted phenol being selected from the group consisting of para-alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; (b) salicylic acid; and (c) formaldehyde; wherein said salicylic acid and said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said acid to said phenol of about 0.06 to 1 to about 0.5 to 1 and said formaldehyde and said salicylic acid plus said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said formaldehyde to said acid and said phenol of about 0.5 to 1 to about 1 to 1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
205 words
A metal modified novolak resin said metal modified novolak resin being an electron acceptor suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive copy system and being co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type, said metal modified novolak resin being further characterized by compatability with the surface properties of a paper substrate, said metal modified novolak resin comprising a reaction product of a zinc salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and a novolak resin, said novolak resin being a reaction product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol, said para-substituted phenol being selected from the group consisting of para-alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; (b) salicylic acid; and (c) formaldehyde; wherein said salicylic acid and said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said acid to said phenol of about 0.06 to 1 to about 0.5 to 1 and said formaldehyde and said salicylic acid plus said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said formaldehyde to said acid and said phenol of about 0.5 to 1 to about 1 to 1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
140 words
A pressure-sensitive paper comprising a paper substrate containing on one surface thereof a coating containing a metal modified novolak resin which is co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type comprising a reaction product of a novolak resin and a metal alkanoate salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the metal being selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt and nickel, said novolak resin being a reaction-product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol selected from the group consisting of para-alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, para-phenylphenol and mixtures thereof, (b) salicylic acid, and (c) formaldehyde, said metal modified novolak resin being compatible with the surface characteristics of said paper substrate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
140 words
A pressure-sensitive paper comprising a paper substrate containing on one surface thereof a coating containing a metal modified novolak resin which is co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type comprising a reaction product of a novolak resin and a metal alkanoate salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, the metal being selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt and nickel, said novolak resin being a reaction-product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol selected from the group consisting of para-alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, para-phenylphenol and mixtures thereof, (b) salicylic acid, and (c) formaldehyde, said metal modified novolak resin being compatible with the surface characteristics of said paper substrate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said metal salt is taken from the group consisting of copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, indium, tin, chromium, cobalt and nickel salts.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said metal salt is a zinc salt of an alkanoic acid having from one to three carbon atoms.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said para-substituted phenol is para-tert-butylphenol.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said para-substituted phenol is para-tert-octylphenol.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said para-substituted phenol is para-nonylphenol.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said para-substituted phenol is a mixture of para-tert-octylphenol and para-tert-butylphenol.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
78 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein said salicylic acid and said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said acid to said phenol to about 0.06 to 1 to about 0.5 to 1 and said formaldehyde and said salicylic acid plus said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said formaldehyde to said acid and said phenol of about 0.5 to 1 to about 1 to 1.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The pressure-sensitive paper of claim 11 wherein from about 0.5% to about 15% of metal by weight based on the total weight of phenol plus salicylic acid is present in said novolak resin.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
217 words
A pressure-sensitive paper comprosing a paper substrate containing on one surface thereof a metal modified novolak resin, said metal modified novolak resin being an electron acceptor suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive copy system which is co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type, said metal modified novolak resin being further characterized by compatibility with the surface properties of a paper substrate, said metal modified novolak resin comprising a reaction product of a zinc salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and a novolak resin, said novolak resin being a reaction product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol, said para-substituted phenol being selected from the group consisting of para-alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; (b) salicylic acid; and (c) formaldehyde; wherein said salicylic acid and said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said acid to said phenol of about 0.06 to 1 to about 0.5 to 1 and said formaldehyde and said salicylic acid plus said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said formaldehyde to said acid and said phenol of about 0.5 to 1 to about 1 to 1.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
217 words
A pressure-sensitive paper comprosing a paper substrate containing on one surface thereof a metal modified novolak resin, said metal modified novolak resin being an electron acceptor suitable for use in a pressure-sensitive copy system which is co-reactive with color precursors of the electron donor type, said metal modified novolak resin being further characterized by compatibility with the surface properties of a paper substrate, said metal modified novolak resin comprising a reaction product of a zinc salt of an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and a novolak resin, said novolak resin being a reaction product in the presence of an acid catalyst of a mixture consisting essentially of: (a) a para-substituted phenol, said para-substituted phenol being selected from the group consisting of para-alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof; (b) salicylic acid; and (c) formaldehyde; wherein said salicylic acid and said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said acid to said phenol of about 0.06 to 1 to about 0.5 to 1 and said formaldehyde and said salicylic acid plus said para-substituted phenol are present in said mixture in a mole ratio of said formaldehyde to said acid and said phenol of about 0.5 to 1 to about 1 to 1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-11-05 | 1983-05-07 | 1983-11-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-11-05 | 1987-05-07 | 1987-11-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-11-05 | 1991-05-07 | 1991-11-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |