Patent US4171464A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4171464A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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High specific heat superconducting composite
Assignee: United States Department of Energy
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Filing: 1977-06-27
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Granted: 1979-10-16
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Expires: 1997-06-27
Abstract
Abstract A composite superconductor formed from a high specific heat ceramic such as gadolinium oxide or gadolinium-aluminum oxide and a conventional metal conductor such as copper or aluminum which are insolubly mixed together to provide adiabatic stability in a superconducting mode of operation. The addition of a few percent of insoluble gadolinium-aluminum oxide powder or gadolinium oxide powder to copper, increases the measured specific heat of the composite by one to two orders of magnitude below the 5° K. level while maintaining the high thermal and electrical conductivity of the conventional metal conductor.
Inventors
- 👤 William A. Steyert, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 16:45
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10N; H10N60/00; H10N60/20; H01; H01F; H01F27/00; H01F27/28; H01F27/2804; H01F27/2819; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S505/00; Y10S505/825; Y10S505/884; Y10S505/887; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49014; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12007; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12035; Y10T428/12049; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12986; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/294
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A composite for enhancing adiabatic stability of a superconductor stabilizer comprising: a substantially pure conductive stabilizer; a plurality of ceramic filaments having a high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures when subjected to a predetermined magnetic field, insolubly disposed within said conductive stabilizer to form said composite; whereby said ceramic filaments substantially increase the overall specific heat of said composite thereby enhancing the adiabatic stability of said superconductor stabilizer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
75 words
A composite for enhancing adiabatic stability of a superconductor stabilizer comprising: a substantially pure conductive stabilizer; a plurality of ceramic filaments having a high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures when subjected to a predetermined magnetic field, insolubly disposed within said conductive stabilizer to form said composite; whereby said ceramic filaments substantially increase the overall specific heat of said composite thereby enhancing the adiabatic stability of said superconductor stabilizer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein said ceramic filaments comprise Gd 2 0 3 .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein said ceramic filaments comprise GdAlO 3 .
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
68 words
A composite superconductor having the properties of adiabatic stability at superconducting temperatures comprising: a substantially pure conductive stabilizer; a plurality of superconducting filaments disposed within said conductive stabilizer; a ceramic material having high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures, insolubly mixed with said stabilizer; whereby said ceramic material increases the entropy of said composite superconductor at superconducting temperatures to provide adiabatic stability.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
68 words
A composite superconductor having the properties of adiabatic stability at superconducting temperatures comprising: a substantially pure conductive stabilizer; a plurality of superconducting filaments disposed within said conductive stabilizer; a ceramic material having high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures, insolubly mixed with said stabilizer; whereby said ceramic material increases the entropy of said composite superconductor at superconducting temperatures to provide adiabatic stability.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite superconductor of claim 4 wherein said conductive stabilizer comprises substantially pure copper which is heat treated in air to oxidize impurities for better conduction.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composite superconductor of claim 4 wherein said ceramic material comprises Gd 2 0 3 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
the composite superconductor of claim 4 wherein said ceramic material comprises GdAlO 3 .
Claim 10
Independent Claim
139 words
A method of preparing a composite conductor having high adiabatic stability at superconducting temperatures comprising: preparing a substantially pure conductive billet; forming a plurality of holes along the length of said billet; placing multiplicity of superconducting filaments in a first predetermined number of said plurality of holes; placing a multiplicity of ceramic filaments having a high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures in a second predetermined number of said plurality of holes; extruding said billet containing said superconducting filaments and said ceramic filaments to a size suitable for use as a superconductor such that said superconducting filaments and said ceramic filaments are insolubly mixed with said billet to form said composite; whereby said ceramic filaments function to absorb heat and reduce temperatures produced by conduction faults in said superconducting filaments through adiabatic demagnetization.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
139 words
A method of preparing a composite conductor having high adiabatic stability at superconducting temperatures comprising: preparing a substantially pure conductive billet; forming a plurality of holes along the length of said billet; placing multiplicity of superconducting filaments in a first predetermined number of said plurality of holes; placing a multiplicity of ceramic filaments having a high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures in a second predetermined number of said plurality of holes; extruding said billet containing said superconducting filaments and said ceramic filaments to a size suitable for use as a superconductor such that said superconducting filaments and said ceramic filaments are insolubly mixed with said billet to form said composite; whereby said ceramic filaments function to absorb heat and reduce temperatures produced by conduction faults in said superconducting filaments through adiabatic demagnetization.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of heat treating said composite in air to oxidize impurities and provide enhanced conduction parameters of said composite.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said step of placing a multiplicity of ceramic filaments comprises placing a multiplicity of Gd 2 0 3 ceramic filaments.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said step of placing a multiplicity of ceramic filaments comprises placing a multiplicity of GdAlO 3 filaments.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
118 words
A method of preparing a composite superconductor having high adiabatic stability at superconducting temperatures comprising: preparing a finely divided ceramic having a high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures; insolubly mixing said finely divided ceramic with substantially pure conductive stabilizer; forming a billet from said conductive stabilizer and said ceramic mixture; forming a plurality of holes along the length of said billet; placing a plurality of superconducting filaments in said plurality of holes; extruding said billet containing said superconducting filaments to a size suitable for use as a superconductor; whereby said finely divided ceramic functions to absorb heat and reduce temperatures produced by conduction faults in said superconducting filaments through adiabatic demagnetization.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
118 words
A method of preparing a composite superconductor having high adiabatic stability at superconducting temperatures comprising: preparing a finely divided ceramic having a high specific heat due to magnetic spin specific heat anomalies at superconducting temperatures; insolubly mixing said finely divided ceramic with substantially pure conductive stabilizer; forming a billet from said conductive stabilizer and said ceramic mixture; forming a plurality of holes along the length of said billet; placing a plurality of superconducting filaments in said plurality of holes; extruding said billet containing said superconducting filaments to a size suitable for use as a superconductor; whereby said finely divided ceramic functions to absorb heat and reduce temperatures produced by conduction faults in said superconducting filaments through adiabatic demagnetization.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 12 further comprising the step of heat treating said composite in air to oxidize impurities and provide enhanced conduction parameters of said composite.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said ceramic comprises Gd 2 O 3 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said ceramic comprises GdAlO 3 .
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-10-15 | 1983-04-16 | 1983-10-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-10-15 | 1987-04-16 | 1987-10-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-10-15 | 1991-04-16 | 1991-10-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |