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US4171383A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Wet milling process for refining whole wheat

Assignee: Unilever Bestfoods North America
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Filing: 1978-05-11
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Granted: 1979-10-16
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Expires: 1998-05-11
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Abstract

Abstract There is disclosed a continuous process for refining whole grain wheat to obtain a wheat starch fraction and an animal feed product, the process comprising cleaning whole wheat kernels to separate extraneous matter, wet milling the cleaned whole wheat kernels to provide a mill starch slurry, separating fiber (bran) tailings from the mill starch slurry, washing and dewatering the fiber (bran) tailings, separating the mill starch slurry into a starch-rich fraction and a protein-rich fraction, concentrating and dewatering the protein-rich fraction, combining the wheat cleanings, the dewatered fiber (bran) tailings and the dewatered protein-rich fraction with an aqueous concentrate resulting from the partial evaporation of the filtrates obtained during the dewatering of the protein-rich fraction to form a wet animal feed product, and drying the feed product.

Inventors

  • 👤 Vincent P. Chwalek
  • 👤 Richard M. Olson

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-03 16:04
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08B; C08B30/00; C08B30/04; C08B30/042; C08B30/046; A; A23; A23K; A23K10/00; A23K10/30; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P60/00; Y02P60/80; Y02P60/87

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim 267 words
A continuous wet wheat refining process, which comprises: (A) cleaning whole wheat kernels to separate the extraneous vegetable matter; (B) wet milling whole wheat kernels by sequentially: (a) steeping the whole wheat kernels, (b) removing the soaked wheat kernels from steeping and milling them while wet to reduce the particle size, (c) separating the milled kernels of (b) into a first fraction comprising germ, fiber (bran) and smaller endosperm particles, and a second fraction comprising larger endosperm particles, (d) decreasing the particle size of the endosperm particles in the wet second fraction of (c), and (e) combining the first fraction of (c) comprising germ, fiber (bran) and smaller endosperm particles with the second fraction from (d) comprising endosperm particles of decreased size and steeping the composite to form a mill starch slurry, (C) separating a fraction comprising fiber (bran) tailings from the mill starch slurry of (B)(e); (D) washing and dewatering the fiber (bran) tailings fraction of (C) and combining the washwater with the defibered mill starch slurry of (C); (e) separating the composite of (D) into a starch-rich fraction and a protein-rich fraction; (F) concentrating and dewatering the protein-rich fraction of (E) to obtain a dewatered protein-rich fraction and filtrate; (G) evaporating at least a portion of the filtrate of (F) to increase the concentration of solids; (H) combining the cleanings of (A), the dewatered fiber (bran) tailings fraction of (C), the aqueous concentrate of (G) and the dewatered protein-rich fraction of (F) to provide a wet animal feed product; and (I) drying the wet feed product of (H) to provide a final animal feed product.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 267 words
A continuous wet wheat refining process, which comprises: (A) cleaning whole wheat kernels to separate the extraneous vegetable matter; (B) wet milling whole wheat kernels by sequentially: (a) steeping the whole wheat kernels, (b) removing the soaked wheat kernels from steeping and milling them while wet to reduce the particle size, (c) separating the milled kernels of (b) into a first fraction comprising germ, fiber (bran) and smaller endosperm particles, and a second fraction comprising larger endosperm particles, (d) decreasing the particle size of the endosperm particles in the wet second fraction of (c), and (e) combining the first fraction of (c) comprising germ, fiber (bran) and smaller endosperm particles with the second fraction from (d) comprising endosperm particles of decreased size and steeping the composite to form a mill starch slurry, (C) separating a fraction comprising fiber (bran) tailings from the mill starch slurry of (B)(e); (D) washing and dewatering the fiber (bran) tailings fraction of (C) and combining the washwater with the defibered mill starch slurry of (C); (e) separating the composite of (D) into a starch-rich fraction and a protein-rich fraction; (F) concentrating and dewatering the protein-rich fraction of (E) to obtain a dewatered protein-rich fraction and filtrate; (G) evaporating at least a portion of the filtrate of (F) to increase the concentration of solids; (H) combining the cleanings of (A), the dewatered fiber (bran) tailings fraction of (C), the aqueous concentrate of (G) and the dewatered protein-rich fraction of (F) to provide a wet animal feed product; and (I) drying the wet feed product of (H) to provide a final animal feed product.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein (B)(d) comprises milling the wet second fraction of (c) to decrease the size of the endosperm particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 32 words
The process of claim 1 wherein (B)(d) comprises returning the second fraction of (c) comprising larger endosperm particles to steeping step (a) and then milling step (b) to decrease their particle size.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein steps (B)(a) and (B)(e) are conducted at a temperature in the range of from about 90° to about 130° F.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein steps (B)(a) and (B)(e) are conducted using an aqueous medium at an acid or an alkaline pH.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 20 words
The process of claim 5 wherein the steeping medium is acidic and comprises a solution of sulfur dioxide in water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 26 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the solution has a concentration of from about 2,000 to about 4,000 parts per million of sulfur dioxide in water.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 20 words
The process of claim 5 wherein the steeping medium is alkaline and comprises a solution of sodium hydroxide in water.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 18 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the solution has a pH of from about 10 to about 11.5.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 31 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the total nomimal residence time for the wheat solids steeps (B)(a) and (B)(e) is in the range of from about 2 to about 6 hours.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein in step (B)(b) the wheat kernels are reduced to a particle size of no greater than about 700 microns.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 35 words
The process of claim 1 wherein in step (B)(c) the larger endosperm particles have a size of greater than about53 microns and the smaller endosperm particles have a size of less than about 53 microns.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein in step (B)(d) the size of the larger endosperm particles is decreased to no greater than about 53 microns.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the mill starch slurry of (B)(e) has a specific gravity of from about 7° to about 9° Baume.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the concentrate of (G) has a solids content of about 50% by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein step (E) is conducted by passing the mill starch slurry through a plurality of hydroclones.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the starch-rich fraction comprises A starch and the protein-rich fraction comprises wheat gluten and B starch.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 24 words
The process of claim 1 which further comprises separating smaller wheat particles from the steeped whole wheat kernels of (B)(a) before milling step (B)(b).
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 19 words
The process of claim 18 which comprises recombining the separated wheat particles with the milled wheat kernels of (B)(b).
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 29 words
The process of claim 1 wherein a portion of the filtrate of (F) is recycled back to wet milling step (B) for further use as process water in steeping.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US2368668A Cited
US3595696A Cited
US3851085A Cited
US3909288A Cited
US3857987A Cited
US4094700A Cited
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1982-10-15 1983-04-16 1983-10-16 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1986-10-15 1987-04-16 1987-10-16 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1990-10-15 1991-04-16 1991-10-16 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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