US4164915A — Conversion of gasoline to diesel engine

Claim 1

Independent Claim 207 words

A method of producing a diesel engine from a gasoline engine having a plurality of cylinder bores adapted to have pistons reciprocated therein between raised and lowered positions with a cylinder head closing upper ends of said bores and defining a reduced chamber at the upper end of each bore and a spark plug opening in communication with each reduced chamber, comprising the steps of producing a piston including a cylinder portion having a size corresponding to each of said cylinder bores and a dome corresponding to and adapted to be received into said reduced chamber, forming a combustion chamber in an upper surface of said dome and aligned to be in communication with said spark plug opening, inserting one of said pistons into each of said bores, and inserting a fuel injector into each of said spark plug openings in a position to be in continuous communication with a respective combustion chamber so that movement of said piston toward said reduced chamber will initially cause said dome to be received in said reduced chamber to close off the lower end thereof and continued movement of said piston will compress the gases into said combustion chamber whereby fuel injected into said combustion chamber will be ignited therein.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 207 words

A method of producing a diesel engine from a gasoline engine having a plurality of cylinder bores adapted to have pistons reciprocated therein between raised and lowered positions with a cylinder head closing upper ends of said bores and defining a reduced chamber at the upper end of each bore and a spark plug opening in communication with each reduced chamber, comprising the steps of producing a piston including a cylinder portion having a size corresponding to each of said cylinder bores and a dome corresponding to and adapted to be received into said reduced chamber, forming a combustion chamber in an upper surface of said dome and aligned to be in communication with said spark plug opening, inserting one of said pistons into each of said bores, and inserting a fuel injector into each of said spark plug openings in a position to be in continuous communication with a respective combustion chamber so that movement of said piston toward said reduced chamber will initially cause said dome to be received in said reduced chamber to close off the lower end thereof and continued movement of said piston will compress the gases into said combustion chamber whereby fuel injected into said combustion chamber will be ignited therein.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 58 words

A method as defined in claim 1, in which the cross-sectional area of said dome is more than one-half the cross-sectional area of said cylinder portion, including the further step of maintaining communication between the upper end of said bore and said combustion chamber so that gases compressed in said cylinder bore will flow into said combustion chamber.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 39 words

A method as defined in claim 2, in which said communication is maintained between the periphery of said combustion chamber and said bore adjacent an end of said cylinder portion to produce turbulent gas flow in said combustion chamber.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 53 words

A method as defined in claim 3, in which said combustion chamber is substantially spherical in cross section and said communication is maintained by an opening extending from the periphery of said dome adjacent the end of said cylinder portion to a point substantially tangentially of the base of said spherical combustion chamber.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 63 words

A method as defined in claim 3, in which said combustion chamber has two intersecting substantially spherical recesses in said dome and said communication is maintained by a pair of bores extending respectively from opposed peripheral portions of said dome adjacent an end of said cylinder portion and respectively communicating with said recesses at points substantially tangentially of the respective substantially spherical recesses.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 26 words

A method as defined in claim 5, including the further step of injecting fuel from said fuel injector into both of said substantially spherical recesses simultaneously.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 102 words

Apparatus for converting a gasoline engine having a cylinder bore with a reduced chamber at one end of the cylinder bore and a spark plug opening in communication with said reduced chamber, comprising a piston having a size corresponding to said cylinder bore and being reciprocated therein, said piston having a dome having a size corresponding to the size of said reduced chamber for being received therein, said dome having a combustion chamber defined in a free end thereof with said combustion chamber being in continuous communication with said spark plug opening, and a fuel injector supported in said spark plug opening.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 102 words

Apparatus for converting a gasoline engine having a cylinder bore with a reduced chamber at one end of the cylinder bore and a spark plug opening in communication with said reduced chamber, comprising a piston having a size corresponding to said cylinder bore and being reciprocated therein, said piston having a dome having a size corresponding to the size of said reduced chamber for being received therein, said dome having a combustion chamber defined in a free end thereof with said combustion chamber being in continuous communication with said spark plug opening, and a fuel injector supported in said spark plug opening.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 42 words

Apparatus as defined in claim 7, in which said dome is oval in cross section and said piston is circular in cross section and in which the cross-sectional area of said dome is more than one-half the cross-sectional area of said piston.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 29 words

Apparatus as defined in claim 8, further including communicating means between said combustion chamber and an upper end of said bore when said dome is in said reduced chamber.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 35 words

Apparatus as defined in claim 9, in which said combustion chamber is substantially spherical in cross section and said communicating means communicates substantially tangentially with the periphery of said combustion chamber at the base thereof.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 24 words

Apparatus as defined in claim 9, in which said communicating means including a space between the periphery of said dome and said reduced chamber.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 85 words

Apparatus as defined in claim 9, in which said combustion chamber is defined by a plurality of partially intersecting substantially spherical recesses and in which said communicating means includes a hole for each of said spherical recesses extending from the periphery of said dome and intersecting a spherical recess tangentially at a base portion thereof so that trapped gases between said piston and said bore are forced through said holes and create turbulence in said combustion chamber when said dome is in said reduced chamber.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 102 words

A combustion piston for use with a diesel engine having a circular bore with a reduced chamber on one end of said bore comprising a circular piston having a substantially flat end, a dome integral with said flat end and having a cross-sectional area that is more than one-half the cross-sectional area of said circular piston, said dome having a substantially spherical recess extending from a free end thereof which is spaced from said flat end, and communicating means extending from a periphery of said dome adjacent said flat end and to a point tangentially of a base of said spherical recess.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 102 words

A combustion piston for use with a diesel engine having a circular bore with a reduced chamber on one end of said bore comprising a circular piston having a substantially flat end, a dome integral with said flat end and having a cross-sectional area that is more than one-half the cross-sectional area of said circular piston, said dome having a substantially spherical recess extending from a free end thereof which is spaced from said flat end, and communicating means extending from a periphery of said dome adjacent said flat end and to a point tangentially of a base of said spherical recess.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 50 words

A combustion piston as defined in claim 13, in which said dome is oval in cross section and has a pair of intersecting substantially spherical recesses and said communicating means includes, a pair of openings extending from the periphery of said dome to respective bases of said substantially spherical recesses.

Claim 18

Independent Claim 209 words

A method of operating a diesel engine having a cylinder bore and a reduced chamber on one end thereof comprising the steps of inserting a piston including a circular cylinder portion with a dome on one end thereof into said cylinder bore, the piston having a size conforming to said cylinder bore and the dome having a size conforming to the reduced chamber, the dome having a small combustion chamber formed therein and the combustion chamber communicating with the periphery of the dome, the peripheral area of the dome being more than one-half the peripheral area of the piston; forcing the piston and dome toward the reduced chamber to initially simultaneously compress the air in the cylinder bore and the reduced chamber and subsequently separately compressing the air in said reduced chamber with said dome and in the cylinder bore with said piston so that the compressed air in the cylinder bore flows into said combustion chamber to create highly turbulent air in the combustion chamber; injecting fuel into the highly turbulent air in the combustion chamber to cause ignition thereof whereby the pressure of the mixture increases to produce flow from said combustion chamber to said cylinder bore and create a highly turbulent mixture in the cylinder bore.

Claim 19

Independent Claim 209 words

A method of operating a diesel engine having a cylinder bore and a reduced chamber on one end thereof comprising the steps of inserting a piston including a circular cylinder portion with a dome on one end thereof into said cylinder bore, the piston having a size conforming to said cylinder bore and the dome having a size conforming to the reduced chamber, the dome having a small combustion chamber formed therein and the combustion chamber communicating with the periphery of the dome, the peripheral area of the dome being more than one-half the peripheral area of the piston; forcing the piston and dome toward the reduced chamber to initially simultaneously compress the air in the cylinder bore and the reduced chamber and subsequently separately compressing the air in said reduced chamber with said dome and in the cylinder bore with said piston so that the compressed air in the cylinder bore flows into said combustion chamber to create highly turbulent air in the combustion chamber; injecting fuel into the highly turbulent air in the combustion chamber to cause ignition thereof whereby the pressure of the mixture increases to produce flow from said combustion chamber to said cylinder bore and create a highly turbulent mixture in the cylinder bore.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1982-08-20	1983-02-19	1983-08-21	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1986-08-20	1987-02-19	1987-08-21	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1990-08-20	1991-02-19	1991-08-21	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Conversion of gasoline to diesel engine

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