US4164608A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Cathode, and a cell incorporating such a cathode
Assignee: Lilliwyte SA
•
Filing: 1978-03-06
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Granted: 1979-08-14
•
Expires: 1998-03-06
Abstract
Abstract A cathode for a high temperature cell, the cathode comprising an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, and a molecular sieve carrier wherein the electronegative element is sorbed and wherein the electronegative element is held captive during use of the cathode in a cell. The molecular sieve carrier conveniently comprises dehydrated zeolite crystals. A high temperature cell comprising a cathode as described, a lithium alloy anode and an electrolyte comprising an eutectic mixture of potassium iodide-lithium iodide, or potassium chloride-lithium chloride.
Inventors
- 👤 Johan Coetzer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 08:04
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/58; H01M10/00; H01M10/36; H01M10/39; H01M4/64; H01M4/66; H01M4/664; H01M50/00; H01M50/40; H01M50/409; H01M50/431; H01M50/434; H01M2300/00; H01M2300/0017; H01M2300/0048; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
53 words
A cathode for a high temperature cell, the cathode comprising an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, and a molecular sieve carrier comprising dehydrated zeolite crystals wherein the electronegative element is sorbed and wherein the electronegative element is held captive during use of the cathode in a cell.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
53 words
A cathode for a high temperature cell, the cathode comprising an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, and a molecular sieve carrier comprising dehydrated zeolite crystals wherein the electronegative element is sorbed and wherein the electronegative element is held captive during use of the cathode in a cell.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cathode according to claim 1, in which the molecular sieve carrier has a heat sorption of less than about -20 k cals/gram atom for the sorbed electronegative element.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
A cathode according to claim 2, in which the molecular sieve carrier has a heat of sorption of less than about -160 k cals/mole for the sorbed electronegative element in 8-membered molecular form.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A cathode according to claim 3, in which the molecular sieve carrier has a heat of sorption of less than -200 k cals/mole for the sorbed electronegative element in 8-membered molecular form.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A cathode according to claim 2, which is in the form of a compact formed by compaction under pressure.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A cathode according to claim 2, which is housed within a porous cathode holder.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A cathode according to claim 1, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are in the form of naturally occurring zeolite crystals selected from the group comprising erionite and faujasite crystals.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cathode according to claim 1, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are selected from the group of synthetic zeolites comprising zeolite 3A, zeolite 4A and zeolite 13X crystals.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cathode according to claim 8, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are in the form of zeolite 4A crystals.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cathode according to claim 8, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are in the form of zeolite 3A crystals.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A cathode according to claim 1, including an electron conductive material which is electron conductive during use.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A cathode according to claim 11, in which the electron conductive material comprises graphite powder associated with the molecular sieve carrier.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
A cathode according to claim 1, in which a minor proportion of a stabilizing electronegative element is included in the cathode to stabilize the electronegative element in its sorbed condition in the cathode during use.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A cathode according to claim 13, in which the electronegative element is sulphur, and in which the stabilizing electronegative element is selected from the group comprising selenium, arsenic, phosphorus and antimony.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
58 words
A high temperature cell including a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte, the cathode comprising an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, and a molecular sieve carrier comprising dehydrated zeolite crystals wherein the electronegative element is sorbed and wherein the electronegative element is held captive during use of the cathode in a cell.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
58 words
A high temperature cell including a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte, the cathode comprising an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, and a molecular sieve carrier comprising dehydrated zeolite crystals wherein the electronegative element is sorbed and wherein the electronegative element is held captive during use of the cathode in a cell.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cell according to claim 15, in which the molecular sieve carrier has a heat sorption of less than about -20 k cals/gram atom for the sorbed electronegative element.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
A cell according to claim 16, in which the molecular sieve carrier has a heat of sorption of less than about -160 k cals/mole for the sorbed electronegative element in 8-membered molecular form.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
A cell according to claim 17, in which the molecular sieve carrier has a heat of sorption of less than -200 k cals/mole for the sorbed electronegative element in 8-membered molecular form.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
A cell according to claim 16, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are in the form of naturally occurring zeolite crystals selected from the group comprising erionite and faujasite crystals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
A cell according to claim 16, in which the cathode is in the form of a compact formed by compaction under pressure.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
A cell according to claim 16, in which the cathode is housed within a porous cathode holder.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
35 words
A cell according to claim 16, in which a minor proportion of a stabilizing electronegative element is included in the cathode to stabilize the electronegative element in its sorbed condition in the cathode during use.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
A cell according to claim 22, in which the electronegative element is sulphur, and in which the stabilizing electronegative element is selected from the group comprising selenium, arsenic, phosphorus and antimony.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cell according to claim 15, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are selected from the group of synthetic zeolites comprising zeolite 3A, zeolite 4A and zeolite 13X crystals.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell according to claim 24, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are in the form of zeolite 4A crystals.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell according to claim 24, in which the dehydrated zeolite crystals are in the form of zeolite 3A crystals.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
A cell according to claim 15, in which the cathode includes an electron conductive material which is electron conductive during use.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
A cell according to claim 27, in which the electron conductive material comprises graphite powder associated with the molecular sieve carrier.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
A cell according to claim 15, in which the anode includes an alkali metal.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell according to claim 29, in which the anode is in the form of an alkali metal alloy anode.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
A cell according to claim 30, in which the anode comprises a lithium-silicon or a lithium-aluminium alloy.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
A cell according to claim 15, in which the electrolyte comprises a molten salt ionic electrolyte which is molten during use.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
16 words
A cell according to claim 32, in which the electrolyte comprises an alkali metal halide electrolyte.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
22 words
A cell according to claim 33, in which the electrolyte comprises an eutectic mixture of potassium iodide-lithium iodide, or potassium chloride-lithium chloride.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
A cell according to claim 32, in which the electrolyte is associated with dehydrated zeolite crystals.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
28 words
A cell according to claim 32, including an electrode separator in the form of a layer of dehydrated zeolite crystals which is capable of acting as a scavenger.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
76 words
A method of immobilizing an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, for use as a cathode in a high temperature cell including an anode and an electrolyte, which includes the step of sorbing the electronegative element together with a minor proportion of a stabilizing electronegative element, into a molecular sieve carrier comprising dehydrated zeolite crystals wherein the electronegative element will be held captive during use as a cathode in a cell.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
76 words
A method of immobilizing an electronegative element selected from the group consisting of sulphur and selenium, for use as a cathode in a high temperature cell including an anode and an electrolyte, which includes the step of sorbing the electronegative element together with a minor proportion of a stabilizing electronegative element, into a molecular sieve carrier comprising dehydrated zeolite crystals wherein the electronegative element will be held captive during use as a cathode in a cell.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 37, in which the electronegative element is sulphur, and the stabilizing electronegative element is selected from the group comprising selenium, arsenic, phosphorus and antimony.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method according to claim 37, in which the electronegative element is selenium and the stabilizing electronegative element is selected from the group comprising arsenic, phosphorus and antimony.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-08-13 | 1983-02-12 | 1983-08-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-08-13 | 1987-02-12 | 1987-08-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-08-13 | 1991-02-12 | 1991-08-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |