Sealed, super 8, optical sound, projection means

Claim 2

In combination, a sealed film cassette containing therein a moveable film and two rotatable film hubs for rewinding said moveable film, said cassette further containing an optical beam path location across which said film moves and through which an optical projection beam from a source external to said cassette is directed and a second beam path location through which an optical sound extraction beam is directed; said film cassette having sealed therein driven means including said rotatable film hubs and driven means further including an intermittent film sprocket wheel capable of being intermittently driven and positioned adjacent said optical beam path location and a continuously driven film sprocket wheel positioned adjacent said second beam path location; external coupling means passing through said sealed cassette and mechanically connected to said driven means; and film drive means external to said sealed cassette and coupled to said coupling means for effecting movement of said film from one of said hubs past said optical beam path location to the other of said hubs during the normal projection mode of operation and from said other hub to said one hub during reverse file rewinding operation; said drive means including at least one stepping motor coupled through said external coupling means to said intermittent film sprocket wheel and stepping motor means coupled through said external coupling means to a selected one of said rotatable hubs.

Claim 3

A combination set forth in claim 1 wherein said sealed film cassette contains means for twisting the film from the plane of the film as reeled onto said hubs into a film projection plane at said beam path location normal to said optical projection beam.

Claim 4

In combination, a sealed film cassette containing therein a moveable film and two rotatable film hubs for rewinding said moveable film, said cassette further containing an optical beam path location across which said film moves and through which an optical projection beam from a source external to said cassette is directed and a second beam path location through which an optical sound extraction beam is directed; said film cassette having sealed therein driven means including saled rotatable film hubs and driven means further including an intermittent film sprocket wheel capable of being intermittently driven and positioned adjacent said optical beam path location and a continuously driven film sprocket wheel positioned adjacent said second beam path location; external coupling means passing through said sealed cassette and mechanically connected to said driven means; and film drive means external to said sealed casssette and coupled to said coupling means for effecting movement of said film from one of said hubs past said optical beam path location to the other of said hubs during the normal projection mode of operation and from said other hub to said one hub during reverse film rewinding operation; said drive means including a first pair of stepping motors each coupled through said external coupling means to a corresponding one of said film sprocket wheels and a second pair of stepping motors each coupled through said external coupling means to a corresponding one of said rotatable hubs.

Claim 5

In combination, a sealed film cassette containing therein a moveable film and two rotatable film hubs for rewinding said moveable film, said cassette further containing an optical beam path location across which said film moves and through which an optical projection beam from a source external to said cassette is directed and a second beam path location through which an optical sound extraction beam is directed; said film cassette having sealed therein driven means including saled rotatable film hubs and driven means further including an intermittent film sprocket wheel capable of being intermittently driven and positioned adjacent said optical beam path location and a continuously driven film sprocket wheel positioned adjacent said second beam path location; external coupling means passing through said sealed cassette and mechanically connected to said driven means; and film drive means external to said sealed casssette and coupled to said coupling means for effecting movement of said film from one of said hubs past said optical beam path location to the other of said hubs during the normal projection mode of operation and from said other hub to said one hub during reverse film rewinding operation; said drive means including a first pair of stepping motors each coupled through said external coupling means to a corresponding one of said film sprocket wheels and a second pair of stepping motors each coupled through said external coupling means to a corresponding one of said rotatable hubs.

Claim 6

The combination set forth in claim 3 wherein both of the stepping motors of said first pair rotate in response to symmetrical electrical input pulses continuously in the same direction when film is to be advanced rapidly in either direction and wherein asymmetrical electrical input pulses are applied only to the stepping motor of said first pair which is coupled to said intermittently driven sprocket wheel during the normal film projection mode of operation.

Claim 7

The combination set forth in claim 4 wherein said sealed film cassette contains means for twisting the film from the plane of the film as reeled onto said hubs into a film projection plane at said beam path location normal to said optical projection beam.

Claim 8

In combination, a sealed film cassette containing therein a moveable film and two rotatable film hubs for rewinding said moveable film, said cassette further containing an optical beam path location across which said film moves and through which an optical projection beam from a source external to said cassette is directed and a second beam path location through which an optical sound extraction beam is directed; said film cassette having sealed therein driven means including said rotatable film hubs and driven means further including an intermittent film sprocket wheel capable of being intermittently or continuously driven and positioned adjacent said optical beam path location and a continuously driven film sprocket wheel positioned adjacent said second beam path location; external coupling means passing through said sealed cassette and mechanically connected to said driven means; and film drive means external to said sealed cassette and coupled to said coupling means for effecting movement of said film from one of said hubs past said optical beam path location to the other of said hubs during the normal projection mode of operation and from said other hub to said one hub during reverse film rewinding operation; said drive means including a first stepping motor coupled through said external coupling means to said intermittent sprocket wheel which rotates intermittently in response to asymmetrical electrical input pulses or continuously in response to symmetrical electrical input pulses, said drive means further including a second stepping motor rotating continuously in response to symmetrical electrical input pulses, said second stepping motor being connected through clutches to that portion of said coupling means connected to said hubs in response to electrical actuation of said clutches by a unidirectional voltage.

Claim 9

In combination, a sealed film cassette containing therein a moveable film and two rotatable film hubs for rewinding said moveable film, said cassette further containing an optical beam path location across which said film moves and through which an optical projection beam from a source external to said cassette is directed and a second beam path location through which an optical sound extraction beam is directed; said film cassette having sealed therein driven means including said rotatable film hubs and driven means further including an intermittent film sprocket wheel capable of being intermittently or continuously driven and positioned adjacent said optical beam path location and a continuously driven film sprocket wheel positioned adjacent said second beam path location; external coupling means passing through said sealed cassette and mechanically connected to said driven means; and film drive means external to said sealed cassette and coupled to said coupling means for effecting movement of said film from one of said hubs past said optical beam path location to the other of said hubs during the normal projection mode of operation and from said other hub to said one hub during reverse film rewinding operation; said drive means including a first stepping motor coupled through said external coupling means to said intermittent sprocket wheel which rotates intermittently in response to asymmetrical electrical input pulses or continuously in response to symmetrical electrical input pulses, said drive means further including a second stepping motor rotating continuously in response to symmetrical electrical input pulses, said second stepping motor being connected through clutches to that portion of said coupling means connected to said hubs in response to electrical actuation of said clutches by a unidirectional voltage.