Patent US4147481A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4147481A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Asymmetric permeable member
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1977-08-19
•
Granted: 1979-04-03
•
Expires: 1997-08-19
Abstract
Abstract A sheet like member for causing the circulation of a gas therethrough. The asymmetric member has numerous shaped pores through it such that the absolute effusional resistance to gas flow is anisotropic. The member is useful in causing the circulation of gases.
Inventors
- 👤 Daniel H. Deutsch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 13:14
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/14; B01D53/18; B01D53/34; C; C12; C12M; C12M23/00; C12M23/02; C12M23/08; C12M27/00; C12M27/18; C12M27/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 131
Claim 1
Independent Claim
258 words
A gas circulating system comprising; at least one sheet of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said sheet has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of tapered holes passing from one surface of the sheet to the other surface, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the sheet and their larger openings on the second surface of the sheet and wherein the distance across the smaller openings is less than three times the mean free path of the molecules of the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of such gas molecules, and wherein the sheet is both chemically and physically stable to the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system, and where the material of the sheet is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 and whereby when said sheet is positioned within a conduit to form a gas tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said sheet and said conduit.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
258 words
A gas circulating system comprising; at least one sheet of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said sheet has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of tapered holes passing from one surface of the sheet to the other surface, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the sheet and their larger openings on the second surface of the sheet and wherein the distance across the smaller openings is less than three times the mean free path of the molecules of the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of such gas molecules, and wherein the sheet is both chemically and physically stable to the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system, and where the material of the sheet is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 and whereby when said sheet is positioned within a conduit to form a gas tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said sheet and said conduit.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The circulating system of claim 1 wherein the tapered holes are uniform and the angular dimension between the opposite sides of the holes are between 2° and 150°.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The circulating system of claim 2 wherein said angle is about 10°.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The circulating system of claim 1 wherein said tapered holes are conical in shape.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 1 wherein said system has one of said members.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 1 wherein said system has a plurality of said members.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 6 wherein said system has five of said members.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the members of said system have a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system of claim 1 wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is approximately 0.1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
47 words
The system of claim 1 wherein said tapered holes are conical in shape and in addition flared at the end with the larger opening, wherein the angle between the opposite sides of the flare where it meets the surface of the member is between 10° and 180°.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 10 wherein said angle is about 150°.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The system of claim 1 designed for use in air wherein the mean distance across the opening at the smaller end of the hole is about 0.002 microns.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 1 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on one side.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 1 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on both sides thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 13 wherein said coarse gas-pervious base is sintered glass.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 14 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bases are sintered glass.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
268 words
A gas circulating system comprising; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of irregular, generally tapered holes passing from one surface of the member to the other surface, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the member and their larger openings on the second surface of the member and wherein the average mean distance across the smaller openings is less than three times the mean free path of the molecules of the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of such gas molecules, and wherein the member is both chemically and physically stable to the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the material of the member is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 in the gas to be circulated, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
268 words
A gas circulating system comprising; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of irregular, generally tapered holes passing from one surface of the member to the other surface, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the member and their larger openings on the second surface of the member and wherein the average mean distance across the smaller openings is less than three times the mean free path of the molecules of the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of such gas molecules, and wherein the member is both chemically and physically stable to the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the material of the member is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 in the gas to be circulated, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
35 words
The circulating system of claim 17 wherein the irregular tapered holes are not uniform and the average mean value of the angular dimension between the opposite sides of the holes is between 2° and 150°.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The circulating system of claim 18 wherein the average mean value of the said angular dimension is about 10°.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said system has one of said members.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said system has a plurality of said members.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 21 wherein said system has five of said members.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system of claim 17 wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is approximately 0.1.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said member has a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
51 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said irregular, generally tapered holes are in addition flared at the end with the larger opening wherein the average mean value of the angle between the opposite sides of the flare where the flare meets the surface of the member is between 10° and 180°.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 25 wherein the average mean value of the said angle is about 150°.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
28 words
The system of claim 17 designed for use with air wherein the mean distance across the opening at the smaller end of the hole is about 0.002 microns.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said member has a thickness of about 0.002 millimeters.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on one side.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 17 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on both sides thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 29 wherein said coarse gas-pervious base is sintered glass.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 30 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bases are sintered glass.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
343 words
A gas circulating system comprising; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of highly interconnected and branched holes which pass from the first surface of the member to the second surface of the member, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the first surface are smaller than the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the second surface and wherein the average mean diameter of the holes inside of the member are of an intermediary average mean diameter between the average mean diameters of the openings of the holes on the two opposite sides of the member, and wherein the solid material of the member consists of one relatively gas impervious continuous phase through which the network of holes pass, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes in the first surface is greater than the average mean diameter of the molecules of the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system and less than three times the mean free path of the said gas molecules under the operating conditions of this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 for the said member of this system when used with said gas, and wherein said member is both chemically and physically stable in the presence of said gas and wherein the material of the member is relatively non-volatile in the said gas to be used in conjunction with this gas circulating system, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
343 words
A gas circulating system comprising; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of highly interconnected and branched holes which pass from the first surface of the member to the second surface of the member, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the first surface are smaller than the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the second surface and wherein the average mean diameter of the holes inside of the member are of an intermediary average mean diameter between the average mean diameters of the openings of the holes on the two opposite sides of the member, and wherein the solid material of the member consists of one relatively gas impervious continuous phase through which the network of holes pass, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes in the first surface is greater than the average mean diameter of the molecules of the gas which is to be employed with this gas circulating system and less than three times the mean free path of the said gas molecules under the operating conditions of this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 for the said member of this system when used with said gas, and wherein said member is both chemically and physically stable in the presence of said gas and wherein the material of the member is relatively non-volatile in the said gas to be used in conjunction with this gas circulating system, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The system of claim 33 wherein said system has one said members.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 33 wherein said system has a plurality of said members.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 35 wherein said system has five of said members.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 33 wherein the members of said system have a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system of claim 33 wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is approximately 0.1.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
29 words
The system of claim 33 designed for use in air wherein the average mean distance across the openings at the smaller end of the hole is about 0.002 microns.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 33 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on one side.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 33 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on both sides thereof.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 40 wherein said coarse gas-pervious base is sintered glass.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 41 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bases are sintered glass.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
247 words
A gas circulating system comprising: a gas; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said sheet has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of tapered holes passing from one surface of the member to the other surface of the member, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the member and their larger openings on the second surface of the member and wherein the distance across the smaller opening is less than three times the mean free path of the gas employed in the gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of said gas molecules and wherein the member is both chemically and physically stable to the said gas, and where the material of the member is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
247 words
A gas circulating system comprising: a gas; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said sheet has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of tapered holes passing from one surface of the member to the other surface of the member, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the member and their larger openings on the second surface of the member and wherein the distance across the smaller opening is less than three times the mean free path of the gas employed in the gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of said gas molecules and wherein the member is both chemically and physically stable to the said gas, and where the material of the member is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
28 words
The circulating system of claim 44 wherein the tapered holes are uniform and the angular dimension between the opposite sides of the holes is between 2° and 150°.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
12 words
The circulating system of claim 45 wherein said angle is about 10°.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
14 words
The circulating system of claim 44 wherein said tapered holes are conical in shape.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 44 wherein said system has one of said members.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 44 wherein said system has a plurality of said members.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 49 wherein said system has five of said members.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the members of said system have a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is approximately 0.1.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
47 words
The system of claim 44 wherein said tapered holes are conical in shape and in addition flared at the end with the larger opening wherein the angle between the opposite sides of the flare where it meets the surface of the member is between 10° and 180°.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 53 wherein said angle is about 150°.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
28 words
The system of claim 44 designed for use in air wherein the mean distance across the opening at the smaller end of the holes is about 0.002 microns.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 44 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on one side.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 44 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on both sides thereof.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 56 wherein said coarse gas-pervious base is sintered glass.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 57 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bases are sintered glass.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is air.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is nitrogen.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is carbon dioxide.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is hydrogen.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is helium.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is argon.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is sulphur dioxide.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
12 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is a perhalogenated hydrocarbon.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 67 wherein the gas is monochlorotrifluoromethane.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 67 wherein the gas is hexafluorocyclobutane.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 67 wherein the gas is dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 67 wherein the gas is tetrafluoromethane.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 44 wherein the gas is water in the vapor state.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
258 words
A gas circulating system comprising: a gas; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and containing a multiplicity of irregular, generally tapered holes passing from one surface of the member to the other surface of the member, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the member and their larger openings on the second surface of the member and wherein the average mean distance across the smaller openings is less than three times the mean free path of the molecules of the gas employed in the gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of said gas molecules, and wherein the member is both chemically and physically stable to said gas and wherein the material of said member is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 in the gas to be circulated and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said chamber and said conduit.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
258 words
A gas circulating system comprising: a gas; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable to said conduit in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and containing a multiplicity of irregular, generally tapered holes passing from one surface of the member to the other surface of the member, wherein a substantial majority of the holes are aligned so that they have their smaller openings on the first surface of the member and their larger openings on the second surface of the member and wherein the average mean distance across the smaller openings is less than three times the mean free path of the molecules of the gas employed in the gas circulating system and larger than the minimum diameter of said gas molecules, and wherein the member is both chemically and physically stable to said gas and wherein the material of said member is relatively non-volatile under the conditions of temperature and gas pressure which are to be employed with this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 in the gas to be circulated and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said chamber and said conduit.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
35 words
The circulating system of claim 73 wherein the irregular tapered holes are not uniform and the average mean value of the angular dimension between the opposite sides of the holes is between 2° and 150°.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
19 words
The circulating system of claim 74 wherein the average mean value of the said angular dimension is about 10°.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said system has one of said members.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said system has a plurality of said members.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 77 wherein said system has five of said members.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is approximately 0.1.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said member has a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
51 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said irregular, generally tapered holes are in addition flared at the end with the larger opening wherein the average mean value of the angle between the opposite sides of the flare where the flare meets the surface of the member is between 10° and 180°.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 81 wherein the average mean value of the said angle is about 150°.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
28 words
The system of claim 73 designed for use with air wherein the mean distance across the opening at the smaller end of the hole is about 0.002 microns.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
15 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said member has a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on one side.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 73 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on both sides thereof.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 85 wherein said coarse gas-pervious base is sintered glass.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 86 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bases are sintered glass.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is air.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is nitrogen.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is carbon dioxide.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is hydrogen.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is helium.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is argon.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is sulphur dioxide.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
12 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is a perhalogenated hydrocarbon.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is monochlorotrifluoromethane.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is hexafluorocyclobutane.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 96 wherein the gas is tetrafluoromethane.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 73 wherein the gas is water in the vapor state.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
334 words
A gas circulating system comprising; a gas; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material, positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of highly inter-connected and branched holes which pass from the first surface of the member to the second surface of the member, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the first surface are smaller than the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the second surface, and wherein the average mean diameter of the holes inside of the member are of an intermediary average mean diameter between the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the two opposite sides of the member, and wherein the solid material of the member consists of one relatively gas impervious continuous phase through which the network of holes pass, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes in the first surface is greater than the average mean diameter of the molecules of the gas employed in the gas circulating system and less than three times the mean free path of the said gas molecules under the operating conditions of this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 for said member and said gas of this system, and wherein said member is both chemically and physically stable in the presence of said gas, and wherein the material of said member is relatively non-volatile in the said gas at the temperature and pressure employed, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
334 words
A gas circulating system comprising; a gas; at least one member of a relatively gas impermeable material, positionable within a gas impervious conduit and attachable in such a manner as to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit, and said member has a thickness of less than about 3 millimeters and greater than about 0.001 micron, and contains a multiplicity of highly inter-connected and branched holes which pass from the first surface of the member to the second surface of the member, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the first surface are smaller than the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the second surface, and wherein the average mean diameter of the holes inside of the member are of an intermediary average mean diameter between the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes on the two opposite sides of the member, and wherein the solid material of the member consists of one relatively gas impervious continuous phase through which the network of holes pass, and wherein the average mean diameter of the openings of the holes in the first surface is greater than the average mean diameter of the molecules of the gas employed in the gas circulating system and less than three times the mean free path of the said gas molecules under the operating conditions of this gas circulating system, and wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is greater than 10 -4 and less than 2.0 for said member and said gas of this system, and wherein said member is both chemically and physically stable in the presence of said gas, and wherein the material of said member is relatively non-volatile in the said gas at the temperature and pressure employed, and whereby when said member is positioned within a conduit to form a gas-tight seal across the conduit and said conduit is filled with said gas, the gas is urged through said member and said conduit.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
12 words
The system of claim 102 wherein said system has one said members.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 102 wherein said system has a plurality of said members.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 104 wherein said system has five of said members.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the members of said system have a thickness of about 0.02 millimeters.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
16 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the mean absolute effusional resistance coefficient, ξ, is approximately 0.1.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
29 words
The system of claim 102 designed for use in air wherein the average mean distance across the openings at the smaller end of the hole is about 0.002 microns.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 102 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on one side.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 102 wherein said member is supported by a coarse gas-pervious base on both sides thereof.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 109 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bas is sintered glass.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
13 words
The system of claim 110 wherein said coarse gas-pervious bases are sintered glass.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is air.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is nitrogen.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is carbon dioxide.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is hydrogen.
Claim 123
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is helium.
Claim 124
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is argon.
Claim 125
Dependent Claim
11 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is sulphur dioxide.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
12 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is a perhalogenated hydrocarbon.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 120 wherein the gas is monochlorotrifluoromethane.
Claim 128
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 120 wherein the gas is hexafluorocyclobutane.
Claim 129
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 120 wherein the gas is dichlorodifluoromethane.
Claim 130
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 120 wherein the gas is tetrafluoromethane.
Claim 131
Dependent Claim
14 words
The system of claim 102 wherein the gas is water in the vapor state.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3150818A
Cited
US3286531A
Cited
US3565551A
Cited
US3693457A
Cited
US3837762A
Cited
US3795135A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-02 | 1982-10-02 | 1983-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-02 | 1986-10-02 | 1987-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-10-02 | 1991-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |