Patent US4139425A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4139425A
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Composition, plating bath, and method for electroplating tin and/or lead
Assignee: Hull R O and Co Inc
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Filing: 1978-04-05
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Granted: 1979-02-13
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Expires: 1998-04-05
Abstract
Abstract A composition is described which is useful particularly in improving the electrodeposition of tin, lead or tin-lead from an aqueous acidic plating bath. The new composition comprises a reaction product of an unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with a mixture comprising formaldehyde and an unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde containing up to about six carbon atoms. Aqueous acidic plating baths containing the additive compositions of the invention, and methods for depositing tin, lead or tin-lead alloys from such baths as well as additive compositions for forming the baths also are described.
Inventors
- 👤 William E. Eckles
- 👤 William J. Willis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 13:55
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/30; C25D3/32; C25D3/34; C25D3/36; C25D3/56; C25D3/60
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
34 words
A composition comprising the reaction product of at least one unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with a mixture comprising formaldehyde and at least one unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde containing from three to about six carbon atoms.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
34 words
A composition comprising the reaction product of at least one unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with a mixture comprising formaldehyde and at least one unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde containing from three to about six carbon atoms.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the mole ratio of heterocyclic compound, formaldehyde and unsaturated aldehyde is from about 1:1:0.5 to about 1:4:2.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the mixture also contains at least one aliphatic carboxylic acid containing up to about five carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein the carboxylic acid is formic acid or acetic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein the mole ratio of heterocyclic compound, formaldehyde, unsaturated aldehyde, and carboxylic acid is from about 1:1:0.5:0.5 to about 1:4:2:4.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound is an imidazole, a pyrazole, a pyrazine or a pyridine compound.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compond is an imidazole compound.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde is acrolein or crotonaldehyde.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
61 words
An aqueous acidic plating bath for electrodeposition of tin, lead or tin-lead alloys comprising (A) at least one bath-soluble metal salt selected from the group consisting of a stannous salt, a lead salt, or a mixture of stannous and lead salts, and (B) as a brightener agent, an effective amount of at least one composition according to any of claims 1-8.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The plating bath of claim 9 wherein the bath comprises a mixture of stannous and lead ions and at least one radical selected from the group consisting of fluoborates, fluosilicates, sulfates, sulfamates or mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The plating bath of claim 10 wherein the bath also contains (C) at least one carbonyl compound.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The plating bath of claim 11 wherein component C is an aliphatic aldehyde containing up to about four carbon atoms.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The plating bath of claim 12 wherein component C is acetaldehyde or formalin.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The plating bath of claim 11 wherein component C is an aromatic aldehyde or ketone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The plating bath of claim 14 wherein component C is a naphthaldehyde.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The plating bath of claim 11 wherein the bath also contains (D) at least one aromatic amine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The plating bath of claim 16 wherein component D is a halogen-containing aniline.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The plating bath of claim 11 wherein the bath also contains a nonionic or cationic wetting agent.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
160 words
An aqueous acid plating bath for electrodeposition of a tin, lead or tin-lead alloy comprising from about 5 to about 350 grams per liter of (A) at least one metal ion selected from the group consisting of stannous ions, lead ions, and mixtures thereof, from about 50 to about 500 grams per liter of at least one radical selected from the group consisting of fluroborates, fluosilicates, sulfates, sulfamates, and mixtures thereof, and as a brightener, (B) about 1 to about 30 grams per liter of at least one composition according to any of claims 1-8, (C-1) from zero to about 10 grams per liter of at least one aromatic aldehyde, (C-2) from zero to about 25 grams per liter of an aliphatic aldehyde containing up to about four carbon atoms, (D) from zero to about 15 grams per liter of an aromatic amine, and (E) from zero to about 25 grams per liter of a nonionic or cationic wetting agent.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
65 words
The method of electrodepositing a bright tin, lead or tin-lead alloy on a substrate which comprises electroplating said substrate in an aqueous acidic plating bath comprising (A) at least one metal ion selected from the group consisting of stannous ions, lead ions and mixtures thereof, and (B) as a brightener agent, an effective amount of at least one composition according to any of claims 1-8.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the bath comprises a mixture of stannous and lead ions and at least one radical selected from the group consisting of fluoborates, fluosilicates, sulfates, sulfamates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 21 wherein the bath also contains (C) at least one carbonyl compound.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 22 wherein component C is an aliphatic aldehyde containing up to about four carbon atoms.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23 wherein component C is acetaldehyde or formalin.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 22 wherein component C is an aromatic aldehyde or ketone.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 25 wherein component C is a naphthaldehyde.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the bath also contains (D) at least one aromatic amine.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 27 wherein component D is a halogen-containing aniline.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 21 wherein the bath also contains (E) a nonionic or cationic wetting agent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
37 words
A brightener additive composition for aqueous acid tin, lead or tin-lead electroplating baths comprising a mixture of (B) at least one composition according to any of claims 1-8, and (C) at least one aromatic aldehyde or ketone.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
The additive composition of claim 30 wherein component C is a naphthaldehyde.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3361652A
Cited
US3850765A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-02-12 | 1982-08-14 | 1983-02-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-02-12 | 1986-08-14 | 1987-02-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-02-12 | 1990-08-14 | 1991-02-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |