Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
218 words
A rechargeable zinc-halogen electric cell comprising: (a) a casing; (b) storage means external to said casing for storing molecular halogen; (c) at least one halogen electrode structure located within said casing comprising an apertured substrate consisting essentially of an anodizable metal selected from the group consisting of Groups IV(A) and V(A) of the Periodic Table according to Mendeleef and having an inherent oxide layer thereon, said substrate having permanently associated therewith at least one coherent permeable stratum of a mixture of substantially porous carbon and a polymeric binder, said electrode structure having been produced by pressing said mixture of porous carbon and binder at a pressure of at least 2 tons psi onto said substrate to provide a flexible halogen electrode structure, said halogen electrode structure being adapted to provide a space therein in communication with said external storage means for molecular halogen into and through which space molecular halogen can move; (d) at least one metal bearing anode structure located within said casing including a zinc-containing material supported on an electrically conducting substrate; and (e) positive and negative electric conductors leading from said electrode structures to terminals accessible to the outside of said casing; said casing being adapted to hold a body of liquid and flowable zinc halide electrolyte in contact with each of said electrode structures.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
218 words
A rechargeable zinc-halogen electric cell comprising: (a) a casing; (b) storage means external to said casing for storing molecular halogen; (c) at least one halogen electrode structure located within said casing comprising an apertured substrate consisting essentially of an anodizable metal selected from the group consisting of Groups IV(A) and V(A) of the Periodic Table according to Mendeleef and having an inherent oxide layer thereon, said substrate having permanently associated therewith at least one coherent permeable stratum of a mixture of substantially porous carbon and a polymeric binder, said electrode structure having been produced by pressing said mixture of porous carbon and binder at a pressure of at least 2 tons psi onto said substrate to provide a flexible halogen electrode structure, said halogen electrode structure being adapted to provide a space therein in communication with said external storage means for molecular halogen into and through which space molecular halogen can move; (d) at least one metal bearing anode structure located within said casing including a zinc-containing material supported on an electrically conducting substrate; and (e) positive and negative electric conductors leading from said electrode structures to terminals accessible to the outside of said casing; said casing being adapted to hold a body of liquid and flowable zinc halide electrolyte in contact with each of said electrode structures.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein said binder is a thermoplastic resin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The cell of claim 2 wherein said resin is a member selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychloroprene, polypropylene, nylon or nitrile rubber.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cell of claim 3 wherein said resin is polychloroprene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cell of claim 3 wherein said resin is nitrile rubber.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein said mixture of porous carbon and binder is pressed onto said substrate at a pressure of between 2 and 5 tons psi.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The cell of claim 6 wherein said mixture of porous carbon and binder is pressed onto said substrate at a temperature of between 15 and 140° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said halogen is at least one member selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said anodizable metal is at least one metal or alloy selected from the group consisting of titanium, tantalum, and zirconium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said anodizable metal is titanium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said metal supporting substrate is in the form of an open mesh.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said metal supporting substrate is in the form of an apertured sheet.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said metal supporting substrate is in the form of a porous sheet of the metal having a pore size between about 3 and about 26 thousandths of an inch in diameter.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said anodizable metal is an alloy of titanium containing about 0.5% tantalum by weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
39 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said anodizable metal is coated with a film selected from the group consisting of a semiconducting material, a nitride, a mixed oxide, a boride, and an element yielding a higher valency oxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
The cell of claim 4 in which said porous carbon is in particulate form and bonded with polychloroprene having a particle size in the range of about 50 to 190 mμ.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The cell of claim 2 in which said porous carbon is acetylene black and said resin constitutes about 5 to 25% by weight of the bonded mixture.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said zinc-containing material is zinc metal.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said zinc-containing material is a zinc alloy.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said zinc-containing material is applied to the metal substrate as a coating of molten zinc.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
36 words
The cell of claim 1 further including spacer elements of inert material located within said casing and separating adjacent electrodes, said spacer elements being of a resin selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
54 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said casing has titanium end walls, titanium walls separating electrode compartments in said casing, a plurality of halogen storing electrodes mounted between two consecutive titanium walls interspaced with zinc metal bearing electrodes, said halogen gas supplying means communicating with a gas duct beneath each set of electrodes.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said halogen is chlorine, and said electrolyte is zinc chloride.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
29 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said electrolyte has a pH value between about 2.5 and about 4.0, and a specific gravity between about 1.0 and about 1.25.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
25 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said electrolyte has been purified by dissolving the solute in deionized water containing zinc dust to precipitate impurities.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said electrolyte contains a small quantity of a metal selected from the group consisting of mercury, indium, and gallium, to minimize the formation of dendrites.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
27 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said electrolyte contains a material selected from the group consisting of a polyelectrolyte, thiourea, and potassium chloride, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
44 words
The cell of claim 1 in which said storage means comprises a halogen gas circuit including a halogen gas cylinder, a pressure regulator valve, a source of ultraviolet light to remove hydrogen and other undesirable contaminants from the circuit, and a halogen gas liquifier.