Patent US1809280A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4134837A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
← Back to Patent Explorer
US4134837A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer membranes having improved permeability characteristics and a method for producing the same

Assignee: Kuraray Co Ltd
•
Filing: 1976-06-10
•
Granted: 1979-01-16
•
Expires: 1996-06-10
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer membranes characterized by constituent particles having an average diameter within the range of from 100 to 10,000 Angstrom units, determined under an electron microscope for the dry membrane, bonded to each other, wherein the membrane is substantially free from pores in excess of from 2 microns in diameter. Such a membrane has a permeability to water of 10 to 200 × 10 -16 cm 2 and to vitamin B 12 of not less than 0.8 × 10 -7 cm 2 per second, and being of particular value as a membrane for the dialysis of blood. The membrane is obtained by dissolving an ethylenevinyl alcohol copolymer in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylacetamide and causing the resulting solution to coagulate from an aqueous coagulation bath under mild conditions such that the coagulation time as defined in the specification is not less than 3 seconds.

Inventors

  • 👤 Shuzo Yamashita
  • 👤 Shiro Nagata
  • 👤 Koichi Takakura

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-24 21:50
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D71/00; B01D71/06; B01D71/76; B01D61/00; B01D61/24; B01D61/246; B01D67/00; B01D67/0002; B01D67/0006; B01D71/26; B01D71/261; B01D71/38; B01D71/381; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S264/00; Y10S264/62

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim 75 words
A separation membrane formed from an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer wherein said membrane has a micropore structure which is substantially uniform throughout its longitudinal and transerse sectional areas and wherein its constituent particles have an average diameter in the range of 100 to 10000 Angstrom units as electron-microscopically determined for a dry membrane and are bonded to each other to form a membrane that is substantially free from pores in excess of 2 microns in diameter.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 75 words
A separation membrane formed from an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer wherein said membrane has a micropore structure which is substantially uniform throughout its longitudinal and transerse sectional areas and wherein its constituent particles have an average diameter in the range of 100 to 10000 Angstrom units as electron-microscopically determined for a dry membrane and are bonded to each other to form a membrane that is substantially free from pores in excess of 2 microns in diameter.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 38 words
The separation membrane of claim 1 wherein said membrane is made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 10 to 90 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 80 mole percent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 38 words
The separation membrane of claim 1 wherein said membrane is made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 17 words
The separation membrane of claim 1, which is produced by wet coagulation of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 119 words
A separation membrane with excellent blood dialyzing characteristics as formed from an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, wherein said membrane has a micropore structure which is substantially uniform throughout its longitudinal and transverse sectional areas and wherein its constituent particles have an average diameter in the range of 100 to 10000 Angstrom units as electron-microscopically determined for a dry membrane and are bonded to each other to form a membrane, that it is substantially free from pores in excess of 2 microns in diameter and that said membrane has a permeability to water of 10 to 200 × 10 -16 cm 2 and a permeability to vitamin B 12 of not less than 0.8 × 10 -7 cm 2 per second.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 119 words
A separation membrane with excellent blood dialyzing characteristics as formed from an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, wherein said membrane has a micropore structure which is substantially uniform throughout its longitudinal and transverse sectional areas and wherein its constituent particles have an average diameter in the range of 100 to 10000 Angstrom units as electron-microscopically determined for a dry membrane and are bonded to each other to form a membrane, that it is substantially free from pores in excess of 2 microns in diameter and that said membrane has a permeability to water of 10 to 200 × 10 -16 cm 2 and a permeability to vitamin B 12 of not less than 0.8 × 10 -7 cm 2 per second.
Claim 8
Independent Claim 150 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylacetamide, methylpyrrolidone and dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 percent by weight and introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate said solution into a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water and from 0 to 50% of a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylacetamide, methylpyrrolidone and dimethylsulfoxide at a coagualtion bath temperature (T° C) within the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C ≦ 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2)
Claim 9
Independent Claim 150 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylacetamide, methylpyrrolidone and dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 percent by weight and introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate said solution into a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water and from 0 to 50% of a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethylacetamide, methylpyrrolidone and dimethylsulfoxide at a coagualtion bath temperature (T° C) within the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C ≦ 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2)
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 10 words
the separation membrane prepared by the process of claim 6.
Claim 11
Independent Claim 138 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 weight percent, introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate into said solution and form a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water at a coagulation bath temperature (T° C) in the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C < 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2) and holding the resultant membrane in substantially wet condition without drying it.
Claim 12
Independent Claim 138 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 weight percent, introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate into said solution and form a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water at a coagulation bath temperature (T° C) in the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C < 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2) and holding the resultant membrane in substantially wet condition without drying it.
Claim 13
Independent Claim 168 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 weight percent, introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate into said solution and form a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water at a coagulation bath temperature (T° C) in the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C < 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2) and replacing the water inside and on the membrane so formed with an organic solvent which is miscible with water and in which said copolymer is not soluble, followed by drying at a temperature below the glass transition point of said copolymer.
Claim 14
Independent Claim 168 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 weight percent, introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate into said solution and form a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water at a coagulation bath temperature (T° C) in the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C < 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2) and replacing the water inside and on the membrane so formed with an organic solvent which is miscible with water and in which said copolymer is not soluble, followed by drying at a temperature below the glass transition point of said copolymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 28 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic alcohols and ketones having 1 to 5 carbon atoms each.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 44 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said polyhydric aliphatic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and products of reacting 1 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide with any of said polyhydric aliphatic alcohols.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 11 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said organic solvent is acetone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 12 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said polyhydric aliphatic alcohol is glycerin.
Claim 19
Independent Claim 146 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 weight percent, introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate into said solution and form a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water at a coagulation bath temperature (T° C) in the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C < 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2) and treating the membrane after forming with a polyhydric alcohol, followed by drying at a temperature not exceeding 50° C.
Claim 20
Independent Claim 146 words
A method for producing a separation membrane characterized in that said method comprises dissolving an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer with an ethylene content of 15 to 60 mole percent and a degree of saponification of not less than 95 mole percent in a solvent consisting essentially of dimethylsulfoxide to a polymer concentration (C) in the range of 10 to 35 weight percent, introducing the resulting solution into a coagulation bath to coagulate into said solution and form a shaped article wherein said coagulation bath consists essentially of water at a coagulation bath temperature (T° C) in the range defined by the following relation: When 10 ≦ C < 25, 0 ≦ T ≦ C-10 (1) When 35 ≧ C ≧ 25, C-25 ≦ T ≦ C-8 (2) and treating the membrane after forming with a polyhydric alcohol, followed by drying at a temperature not exceeding 50° C.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3780147A Cited
US3772072A Cited
US3884801A Cited
US3878276A Cited
US3907675A Cited
US3917777A Cited
US3957935A Cited
US3962158A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1982-01-15 1982-07-17 1983-01-16 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1986-01-15 1986-07-17 1987-01-16 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1990-01-15 1990-07-17 1991-01-16 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag