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US4131428A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of adjusting pH
Assignee: Bank of America Illinois
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Filing: 1978-01-13
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Granted: 1978-12-26
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Expires: 1998-01-13
Abstract
Abstract In a potentiometric system for measuring low levels of ion activity, a method of adjusting the pH in a sample stream by the passive addition of low molecular weight acid or base reagent, without dilution of the sample stream, and without introduction of any interfering, reactive or test ions into the sample stream. A membrane is provided, permeable to the acid or base reagent used to adjust sample stream pH, and impermeable to ionic species. The membrane is placed between a reagent reservoir and the sample stream. Constant flow of the sample stream by the membrane maintains the reagent partial pressure differential between the reservoir and the stream, causing diffusion of reagent through the membrane into said stream.
Inventors
- 👤 Albert A. Diggens
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 13:43
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/416; G01N27/4166; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T436/00; Y10T436/19; Y10T436/193333; Y10T436/25; Y10T436/25375; Y10T436/255
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
109 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert non-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to a low molecular weight base reagent; and diffusing a low molecular weight base reagent through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the base reagent to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert non-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to a low molecular weight base reagent; and diffusing a low molecular weight base reagent through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the base reagent to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 further comprising: measuring low levels of ion activity in the sample stream.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the base reagent is ammonia.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the base reagent is piperidine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the base reagent is dimethylamine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the membrane is composed of silicone rubber.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the membrane is composed of silicone polycarbonate copolymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the membrane is composed of microporous teflon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the membrane is composed of microporous polypropylene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydroxyl ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert non-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to a low molecular weight acid reagent; and diffusing a low molecular weight acid reagent through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the acid reagent to thereby lower the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydroxyl ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydroxyl ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert non-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to a low molecular weight acid reagent; and diffusing a low molecular weight acid reagent through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the acid reagent to thereby lower the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydroxyl ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 10 further comprising: measuring low levels of ion activity in the sample stream.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the acid reagent is acetic acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the acid reagent is propionic acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the acid reagent is hydrochloric acid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the acid reagent is hydrogen iodide, HI.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the acid reagent is formic acid, CH 2 O 2 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the membrane is composed of silicone rubber.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the membrane is composed of silicone polycarbonate copolymer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the membrane is composed of microporous teflon.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the membrane is composed of microporous polypropylene.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
99 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of sodium ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert ion-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to piperidine; and diffusing piperidine through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the piperidine to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
99 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of sodium ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert ion-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to piperidine; and diffusing piperidine through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the piperidine to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
102 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of chloride ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydroxyl ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert non-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to acetic acid; and diffusing acetic acid through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the acetic acid to thereby lower the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydroxyl ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
102 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of chloride ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydroxyl ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert non-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to acetic acid; and diffusing acetic acid through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the acetic acid to thereby lower the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydroxyl ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
98 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert ion-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to ammonia; and diffusing ammonia through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the ammonia to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
98 words
In a method for potentiometrically determining low levels of ion activity in sample streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert ion-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to ammonia; and diffusing ammonia through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the ammonia to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
112 words
In a method for potentionmetrically determining low levels of sodium ion activity in high purity water streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert ion-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to a low molecular weight base reagent; and diffusing a low molecular weight base reagent through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the base reagent to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
112 words
In a method for potentionmetrically determining low levels of sodium ion activity in high purity water streams without interference of hydrogen ion, the improvement comprising: continuously passing the sample stream over one side of an inert ion-impermeable non-wetting membrane that is permeable to a low molecular weight base reagent; and diffusing a low molecular weight base reagent through the membrane and into the stream by contacting the other side of said membrane with the base reagent to thereby raise the pH of the stream to a value which eliminates interference of hydrogen ions without dilution of the sample stream and without introducing any interfering, reactive, or test ions into the sample stream.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 24 wherein the base reagent is ammonia.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 24 wherein the base reagent is piperidine.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-12-25 | 1982-06-26 | 1982-12-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-12-25 | 1986-06-26 | 1986-12-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-12-25 | 1990-06-26 | 1990-12-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |