US4124458A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Mass-transfer membrane and processes using same
Assignee: NOHREN FRANCES W 5170 126TH AVENUE NORTH CLEARWATER FL 33520
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Filing: 1977-07-11
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Granted: 1978-11-07
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Expires: 1997-07-11
Abstract
Abstract A porous layer is provided on one or both surfaces of a mass-transfer membrane to enhance or modify the passage of ions. The membrane may be a film of any of a variety of polymeric materials, and the porous layer may be a surface layer on the membrane or a separate porous structure placed in contact therewith. The porous layer or layers render certain normally ion-impermeable polymeric films capable of passing ions in an electrodialysis-type system.
Inventors
- 👤 Karl Moeglich
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 20:31
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25C; C25C7/00; C25C7/04; B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/42; B01D61/44; B01D61/46; B01D61/463; B01D69/00; B01D69/12; C25B; C25B13/00; C25B13/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
155 words
In an electrochemical process wherein ions in one body of liquid pass through an operative portion of an ion-permeable membrane assembly into another body of liquid, the improvement which comprises using an ion-permeable membrane assembly which comprises (a) a film of electrically insulating material, wherein said film is substantially impermeable to water, is substantially ion-impermeable and has a thickness of 1 micron to 1 millimeter; (b) and at least one layer of porous material disposed on at least one surface of said film wherein the layer of porous material has a thickness which ranges from 0.01 to 1.0 millimeters, and wherein the thickness of said layer is greater than the average pore size of the pores of said porous material and wherein the material of said porous layer is incapable of acting as an electrode, wherein each of said film and said porous material is substantially chemically inert under the conditions existing in the cell.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
155 words
In an electrochemical process wherein ions in one body of liquid pass through an operative portion of an ion-permeable membrane assembly into another body of liquid, the improvement which comprises using an ion-permeable membrane assembly which comprises (a) a film of electrically insulating material, wherein said film is substantially impermeable to water, is substantially ion-impermeable and has a thickness of 1 micron to 1 millimeter; (b) and at least one layer of porous material disposed on at least one surface of said film wherein the layer of porous material has a thickness which ranges from 0.01 to 1.0 millimeters, and wherein the thickness of said layer is greater than the average pore size of the pores of said porous material and wherein the material of said porous layer is incapable of acting as an electrode, wherein each of said film and said porous material is substantially chemically inert under the conditions existing in the cell.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said film is composed of a plastic material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said film is polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, nylon or polyester.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said ion-permeable membrane assembly comprises a plurality of films of (a) alternating with a plurality of layers of (b).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the dimensions of said pores range from 20 to 100 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said film is disposed between, and is in contact with, two layers of said porous material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said film is polyethylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said material of said layer of porous material is an electrically insulating material.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
142 words
In an electrochemical cell which comprises at least two compartments, said compartments being separated by an ion-permeable membrane assembly, wherein said membrane assembly comprises (a) a film of electrically insulating material, wherein said film is substantially impermeable to water, is substantially ion-impermeable and has a thickness of 1 micron to 1 millimeter; (b) and at least one layer of porous material disposed on at least one surface of said film wherein the layer of porous material has a thickness which ranges from 0.01 to 1.0 millimeters and wherein the thickness of said layer is greater than the average pore size of the pores of said porous material and wherein the material of said porous layer is incapable of acting as an electrode, wherein each of said film and said porous material is substantially chemically inert under the conditions existing in the cell.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
142 words
In an electrochemical cell which comprises at least two compartments, said compartments being separated by an ion-permeable membrane assembly, wherein said membrane assembly comprises (a) a film of electrically insulating material, wherein said film is substantially impermeable to water, is substantially ion-impermeable and has a thickness of 1 micron to 1 millimeter; (b) and at least one layer of porous material disposed on at least one surface of said film wherein the layer of porous material has a thickness which ranges from 0.01 to 1.0 millimeters and wherein the thickness of said layer is greater than the average pore size of the pores of said porous material and wherein the material of said porous layer is incapable of acting as an electrode, wherein each of said film and said porous material is substantially chemically inert under the conditions existing in the cell.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The cell of claim 9, wherein one of said two compartments is provided with an anode and the other of said two compartments is provided with a cathode.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cell of claim 9, wherein the film of said ion-permeable membrane assembly is composed of a plastic material.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The cell of claim 9, wherein the film of said ion-permeable membrane assembly is polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, nylon or polyester.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cell of claim 9, wherein the dimensions of said pores range from 20 to 100 microns.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cell of claim 9, which is filled with an electrolyte.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein said film is polyethylene.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The cell of claim 1, wherein said material of said layer of porous material is an electrically insulating material.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The cell of claim 9, wherein two layers of said porous material are disposed on each surface of said film.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
133 words
A membrane assembly, which divides an electrochemical cell into at least two compartments comprising (a) a film of substantially electrically insulating material, wherein said film is substantially impermeable to water, is substantially ion-impermeable and has a thickness of 1 micron to 1 millimeter; (b) and at least one layer of porous material disposed on at least one surface of said film, wherein said layer of porous material has a thickness which ranges from 0.01 to 1.0 millimeters, and wherein the thickness of said layer is greater than the average pore size of the pores of said porous material and wherein the material of said porous layer is incapable of acting as an electrode, wherein each of said film and said porous material is substantially chemically inert under the conditions existing in the cell.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
133 words
A membrane assembly, which divides an electrochemical cell into at least two compartments comprising (a) a film of substantially electrically insulating material, wherein said film is substantially impermeable to water, is substantially ion-impermeable and has a thickness of 1 micron to 1 millimeter; (b) and at least one layer of porous material disposed on at least one surface of said film, wherein said layer of porous material has a thickness which ranges from 0.01 to 1.0 millimeters, and wherein the thickness of said layer is greater than the average pore size of the pores of said porous material and wherein the material of said porous layer is incapable of acting as an electrode, wherein each of said film and said porous material is substantially chemically inert under the conditions existing in the cell.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The membrane assembly of claim 18, which comprises a plurality of films of (a) alternating with a plurality of layers of (b).
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The membrane assembly of claim 18, wherein said film is composed of a plastic material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The membrane assembly of claim 18, wherein said film is polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, nylon or polyester.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
The membrane assembly of claim 18, wherein the dimensions of said pores range from 20 to 100 microns.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The membrane assembly of claim 18, wherein the material of said layer of porous material is substantially electrically insulative.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
27 words
The ion-permeable membrane assembly of claim 23 which further includes a second layer of said porous material, which is disposed on a second surface of said film.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
The membrane assembly of claim 18, which is disposed between two electrodes, each of said electrodes being housed in one of said two compartments.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
The ion-permeable membrane assembly of claim 18, wherein said film is polyethylene.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
The ion-permeable membrane assembly of claim 18, wherein two layers of said porous material are disposed on each surface of said film.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-11-06 | 1982-05-08 | 1982-11-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-11-06 | 1986-05-08 | 1986-11-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-11-06 | 1990-05-08 | 1990-11-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |