US4113647A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Liquid crystalline materials
Assignee: UK Secretary of State for Defence
•
Filing: 1977-08-02
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Granted: 1978-09-12
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Expires: 1997-08-02
Abstract
Abstract Novel liquid crystal materials which are trans-4-alkylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid esters are provided having the general formula: ##STR1## where R is a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms and X is selected from the groups: ##STR2## where A is a cyano group, a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms or an alkoxy group in which the alkyl group is as defined immediately above, and where Y is a halogen, preferably chlorine, or hydrogen.
Inventors
- 👤 David Coates
- 👤 George William Gray
- 👤 Damien Gerard McDonnell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 20:33
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C255/00; C07C43/00; C07C43/02; C07C43/20; C07C43/202; C07C45/00; C07C45/45; C07C45/46; C07C51/00; C07C51/16; C07C51/29; C07C51/347; C07C51/36; C09; C09K; C09K19/00; C09K19/04; C09K19/06; C09K19/08; C09K19/30; C09K19/3001; C09K19/3066; C09K19/3068; C09K19/32; C09K19/322
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 54
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A liquid crystal material which comprises a trans- 4-alkylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid ester having the general formula: ##STR26## where R is a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may contain a chiral center containing up to ten carbon atoms, and X is selected from the groups: ##STR27## in which A is a cyano group, a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group in which the alkyl group is as defined immediately above, and where Y is a halogen or hydrogen.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
A liquid crystal material which comprises a trans- 4-alkylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid ester having the general formula: ##STR26## where R is a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may contain a chiral center containing up to ten carbon atoms, and X is selected from the groups: ##STR27## in which A is a cyano group, a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group in which the alkyl group is as defined immediately above, and where Y is a halogen or hydrogen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1 and wherein R contains up to eight carbon atoms and the alkyl groups of A contain up to eight carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1 and wherein Y is chlorine.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1 and wherein X is selected from ##STR28##
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 4 and wherein R is a normal alkyl group containing from one to seven carbon atoms inclusive.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
45 words
A twisted nematic cell or a phase change cell, electro-optic display device containing a liquid crystal material which comprises a cyclohexane ester as claimed in claim 4 or a mixture (solution) of such cyclohexane esters with one another or with other suitably liquid crystal materials.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A twisted nematic cell as claimed in claim 6 and wherein the cyclohexane ester is mixed with a low melting nematogen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A twisted nematic cell as claimed in claim 7 and wherein the low melting nematogen is a 4-alkyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A twisted nematic cell as claimed in claim 8 and wherein the low melting nematogen is 4-n-heptyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
A phase change cell as claimed in claim 6 and wherein the cyclohexane ester is used in conjunction with a cholesterogen.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
62 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1 and having the formula: ##STR29## where Y is selected from halogen and hydrogen and R 1 is selected from normal alkyl group containing up to eight carbon atoms and R 2 is selected from normal alkyl groups containing up to eight carbon atoms and normal alkyloxy groups containing up to eight carbon atoms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 11 and wherein Y is chlorine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 contains from two to six carbon atoms inclusive and R 2 is a normal alkyl group containing from three to six carbon atoms inclusive.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
35 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 contains four or five carbon atoms and R 2 is a normal alkyloxy group containing from four to eight carbon atoms inclusive.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is ethyl and R 2 is n-propyl.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is ethyl and R 2 is n-butyl.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is ethyl and R 2 is n-heptyl.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-propyl and R 2 is n-propyl.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-propyl and R 2 is n-butyl.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-propyl and R 2 is n-pentyl.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-propyl and R 2 is n-hexyl.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-butyl and R 2 is n-propyl.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-butyl and R 2 is n-butyl.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-butyl and R 2 is n-pentyl.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-butyl and R 2 is n-hexyl.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-pentyl and R 2 is n-propyl.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-pentyl and R 2 is n-butyl.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-pentyl and R 2 is n-pentyl.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-pentyl and R 2 is n-hexyl.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-hexyl and R 2 is n-hexyl.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-butyl and R 2 is n-butyloxy.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-butyl and R 2 is n-octyloxy.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-pentyl and R 2 is n-pentyloxy.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 12 and wherein R 1 is n-pentyl and R 2 is n-octyloxy.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
48 words
A twisted nematic cell or a phase change cell, electro-optic display device containing a liquid crystal material which comprises a cyclohexane diester as claimed in claim 11 or a mixture (solution) of such cyclohexane diesters with a suitably liquid crystal material having a relatively high positive dielectric anisotropy.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
A twisted nematic cell as claimed in claim 35 and wherein the cyclohexane diester is mixed with a low melting nematogen.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
A twisted nematic cell as claimed in claim 36 and wherein the low melting nematogen is a 4-alkyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
17 words
A twisted nematic cell as claimed in claim 36 and wherein the low melting nematogen is 4-n-heptyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
21 words
A phase change cell as claimed in claim 35 and wherein the cyclohexane diester is used in conjunction with a cholesterogen.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
34 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1 and wherein X is selected from ##STR30## where R 3 is a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group containing up to ten carbon atoms.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
32 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 40 and wherein R and R 3 are normal alkyl groups, which may be the same or different, containing up to eight carbon atoms.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
41 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 40 and wherein R is a normal alkyl group having from three to seven carbon atoms inclusive and R 3 is a normal alkyl group having from four to seven carbon atoms inclusive.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
23 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 40 wherein having the formula: ##STR31## where R is n-propyl and R 3 is n-butyl.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
23 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 40 and having the formula: ##STR32## where R is n-butyl and R 3 is n-pentyl.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
19 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 42 and wherein R is n-pentyl and R 3 is n-pentyl.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
19 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 42 and wherein R is n-heptyl and R 3 is n-heptyl.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
41 words
A dynamic scattering cell or a Freedericksz type cell, electro-optic display device containing a liquid crystal material which comprises a cyclohexane monoester as claimed in claim 40 or a mixture (solution) of such cyclohexane monoesters with other suitable liquid crystal materials.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
22 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1 and wherein any or all of the alkyl groups contain a chiral center.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
20 words
A liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 48 and wherein the alkyl group containing the chiral center is (+)-2-methylbutyl.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
8 words
A liquid crystal material having the formula ##STR33##
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
8 words
A liquid crystal material having the formula ##STR33##
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
42 words
A twisted nematic cell which has as its liquid crystal material a nematic mixture of strong positive dielectric anisotropy which includes a low proportion of a liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 48 to prevent the formation of reversed twist areas.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
23 words
A cholesteric-nematic phase change type of display containing a liquid crystal material which comprises a liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 48.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-09-11 | 1982-03-13 | 1982-09-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-09-11 | 1986-03-13 | 1986-09-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-09-11 | 1990-03-13 | 1990-09-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |