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US4097423A
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US
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Inorganic-organic compositions
Assignee: Bayer AG
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Filing: 1974-11-26
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Granted: 1978-06-27
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Expires: 1994-11-26
Abstract
Abstract Inorganic-organic compositions obtained from a mixture of components comprising: (a) from 5-98% by weight of an organic polyisocyanate; (b) from 2-95% by weight of an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution containing about 20-70% by weight of said alkali metal silicate; and (c) from 0-93% by weight of a water-binding component Based on the total weight of (a), (b) and (c) with the proviso that when (c) is 0-20% by weight (a) contains 2-200 milliequivalents of ionic groups per 100 grams of said polyisocyanate. Flexible inorganic-organic plastics which have a low calorific value and improved fire characteristics are prepared from a reaction mixture containing (a) 30 to 70 percent by weight of one or more compounds with Zerewittinoff-active hydrogen atoms which have an average molecular weight of 400 to 6000, preferably 1000 to 6000, and a glass temperature below 10° C, preferably below -20° C; (b) 10 to 30 percent by weight of an organic polyisocyanate; and (c) 20 to 60 percent by weight of an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution which has a solids content of between 30 and 70 percent by weight. The organic polyisocyanate may be one which contains a phenolic hydroxyl group. The products of the invention may be used in many forms including both porous and non-porous products as surface coatings having good adhesion and resistance to abrasion, as a mortar, as a flexible elastomer, and as a foam concrete for making molded products particularly in construction engineering and civil engineering as for building walls, igloos, road buildings and the like.
Inventors
- 👤 Dieter Dieterich
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 14:26
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J9/00; C08J9/0066; B; B01; B01J; B01J37/00; B01J37/0009; B22; B22C; B22C1/00; B22C1/16; B22C1/20; B22C1/205; C04; C04B; C04B28/00; C04B28/003; C04B28/24; C04B28/26; C05; C05D; C05D9/00; C08G; C08G18/00; C08G18/06; C08G18/08; C08G18/0804; C08G18/088; C08G18/0885; C08G18/10; C08G18/28; C08G18/30; C08G18/302; C08G18/38; C08G18/3893; C08G18/3895; C08G18/40; C08G18/67; C08G18/68; C08G18/70; C08G18/72; C08G18/77; C08G18/775; C08G18/80; C08G18/8003; C08G83/00; C08G83/001; C08J9/04; C08J9/12; C08K; C08K3/00; C08K3/34; C08J2375/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
132 words
An inorganic-organic composition obtained by reacting a mixture of (A) from 5-98% by weight of an organic polyisocyanate, (B) from 2-95% by weight of an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution containing about 20-70% by weight of said alkali metal silicate, and (C) from 0-93% by weight of a water-binding component, said component being capable of absorbing water to form a solid or a gel, wherein said percents by weight of (A), (B) and (C) are based on the total weight of (A), (B) and (C), with the proviso that when (C) is 0-20% by weight, component (A) contains 2-200 milliequivalent of ionic groups or groups capable of forming salt groups in the presence of alkali metal silicates per 100 grams of said organic polyisocyanate, and wherein said composition is a solid/solid xerosol.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
132 words
An inorganic-organic composition obtained by reacting a mixture of (A) from 5-98% by weight of an organic polyisocyanate, (B) from 2-95% by weight of an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution containing about 20-70% by weight of said alkali metal silicate, and (C) from 0-93% by weight of a water-binding component, said component being capable of absorbing water to form a solid or a gel, wherein said percents by weight of (A), (B) and (C) are based on the total weight of (A), (B) and (C), with the proviso that when (C) is 0-20% by weight, component (A) contains 2-200 milliequivalent of ionic groups or groups capable of forming salt groups in the presence of alkali metal silicates per 100 grams of said organic polyisocyanate, and wherein said composition is a solid/solid xerosol.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 with the further proviso that at least enough water is present in the reaction mixture to combine with substantially all of component (C).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said organic polyisocyanate contains ionic groups or groups capable of forming salt groups in the presence of alkali silicates.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic polyisocyanates contain 2-200 milliequivalents per 100 grams of ionic groups.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the aqueous silicate solution contains from 32-54% by weight silicate and the ratio by weight of polyisocyanate to silicate is from 70:30 to 20:80.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein an inert liquid boiling at temperatures from -25° to +50° C is included in the reaction mixture as a blowing agent in a quantity of up to 50% by weight and the reaction mixture is allowed to react to completion while foaming.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate is a phosgenation product of an aniline/formaldehyde condensate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition of claim 1 in the form of a solid/solid xerosol in which the average transverse diameter of the dispersed phase is between 20 nm and 2 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 8 wherein the average diameter is between 50 nm and 700 nm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 8, wherein both phases are coherent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 8 containing an inorganic or organic particulate or powder filler material.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 8 which contains glass fibers.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said composition is based on: (A) 10-80% by weight of said organic polyisocyanate, (B) 20-80% by weight of said aqueous alkali metal silicate solution, and (C) 10-70% by weight of said water-binding component.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein the reaction mixture contains a foam stabilizer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the reaction mixture contains a emulsifying agent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the mixture contains an inert inorganic particulate or fibrous filler material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the mixture contains an organic compound containing at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive with isocyanate groups.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the alkali metal silicate is sodium silicate in which the molar ratio of Na 2 O:SiO 2 is within the range of 1:1.6 and 1:3.3.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the polyisocyanate is an organic prepolymer which contains ionic groups or groups capable of forming salt groups in the presence of alkaline metal silicates.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the polyisocyanate contains sulphonic acid and/or sulphonate groups.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein the waterbinding component is a hydraulic cement, synthetic anhydrite, gypsum or burnt lime.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein said composition is based on: (A) 10-50% by weight of said organic polyisocyanate, (B) 20-70% by weight of said alkali metal silicate solution, and (C) 20-70% by weight of said water-binding component.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein said composition is based on: (A) 10-35% by weight of said organic polyisocyanate, (B) 30-60% by weight of said alkali metal silicate solution, and (C) 30-60% by weight of said water-binding component.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The foamed composition of claim 13, wherein the mixture contains a blowing agent.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
21 words
The foamed composition of claim 24, wherein the blowing agent is a halogenated hydrocarbon with a boiling point below 100° C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein the mixture contains an activator which accelerates the reaction of isocyanate groups with water.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 26, wherein the activator is a tertiary amine.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
166 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic polyisocyanate is one prepared by reacting liquid mixtures of aromatic polyisocyanates which have an isocyanate content of 10-42% by weight and a viscosity of 8 to 10,000 cP at 25° C with (a) compounds which contain carboxylate groups and hydrogen atoms which are reactive with isocyanate groups or (b) hydroxy carboxylic or mercapto carboxylic acids, such that (i) at least partial conversion of the carboxyl group into the corresponding carboxylate group by neutralization with a base is carried out simultaneously with or after the isocyanate addition reaction or (ii) the hydroxy carboxylic acids or mercapto carboxylic acids used are of the kind in which the carboxyl groups are much less reactive with the isocyanate groups than are the hydroxyl or the mercapto groups, the quantitative proportion of the reactants being so chosen that the resultant organic polyisocyanate has an isocyanate content of 10-40% by weight and a carboxyl or carboxylate group content of 0.1 to 10% by weight.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
37 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the hydroxy carboxylic acids are reaction products containing hydroxyl, carboxyl and ester groups obtained by reacting polyhydric alcohols within a molecular weight range of 62 to 10,000 with polycarboxylic acid anhydrides.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
56 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the said liquid mixture of aromatic polyisocyanates contains phosgenation products of aniline, formaldehyde condensates with a dinuclear diisocyanate content of 30-100% by weight at least 10% of which consists of 2,2'- and/or 2,4'-isomers, a trinuclear content of 0-20% by weight and a tetranuclear or higher nuclear isocyanate content of 0-4%.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
37 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the said liquid mixture of aromatic polyisocyanates contains 40-90% by weight of phosgenation products of aniline/formaldehyde condensates which has a dinuclear content of 70-100%, and 10-60% by weight of tolylene diisocyanate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
45 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the said liquid mixture of aromatic polyisocyanates is the commercial distillation residue obtained from the distillation of commercial tolylene diisocyanate mixtures, which distillation residue is characterized by containing a maximum of 50% by weight of free tolylene diisocyanate isomers.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composition of claim 28, wherein the said liquid mixture of aromatic polyisocyanates is modified with 0.2 to 25 mol %, based on the original polyisocyanate mixture, of a compound which contains two hydroxyl groups either before, during or after the reaction.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
54 words
The composition of claim 28 wherein the said liquid mixture of aromatic polyisocyanates is a phosgenation product of the condensate of aniline with aldehydes or ketones, which contain 20-80% by weight of dinuclear diisocyanates, 8-40% by weight of trinuclear triisocyanates, 3-20% by weight of tetranuclear tetraisocyanates, and 2-40% by weight of higher nuclear polyisocyanates.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
86 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyisocyanate contains phenolic hydroxyl groups, and is prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a phenol, which in addition to at least one phenolic hydroxyl group, contains at least one group which is more reactive with isocyanate groups than said phenolic hydroxyl group, the reactants being used in such proportions that the mixture contains at least 200 percent molar excess of isocyanate groups over the groups which react more readily with isocyanate groups than does the phenolic hydroxyl group.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
FR1419552A
Cited
FR1362003A
Cited
GB1137465A
Cited
US3607794A
Cited
US3634342A
Cited
US3975316A
Cited
US3893081A
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-06-26 | 1981-12-26 | 1982-06-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-06-26 | 1985-12-26 | 1986-06-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-06-26 | 1989-12-26 | 1990-06-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |