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US4090845A
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Process for the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile fibrous material
Assignee: Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Filing: 1976-12-15
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Granted: 1978-05-23
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Expires: 1996-12-15
Abstract
Abstract Water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R 1 and R 2 are each alkyl groups of C 1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R 3 represents a C 1-5 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R 4 represents a C 1-5 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or benzyl group; R 5 represents a benzyl group; and X represents a salt-forming anion, are effective retardant-levelling agents in the dyeing of anionic polyacrylonitrile fibers with basic (i.e. cationic) dyes.
Inventors
- 👤 Manfred Petzold
- 👤 Heinz Grunert
- 👤 Wolfgang Rupilius
- 👤 Horst Rutzen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 07:52
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06P; D06P3/00; D06P3/70; D06P3/76; D06P1/00; D06P1/44; D06P1/655; D06P1/66; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S8/00; Y10S8/92; Y10S8/927; Y10S8/929
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
136 words
In the dyeing of a fibrous material having a content of an anionic polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein said material is contacted with an aqueous dye bath containing a cationic dye and said dye is substantively absorbed by said fiber, the improvement which comprises providing said bath with a content as retardant for the dyeing and as levelling agent for said dye of a water-soluble quaternary ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR7## wherein R 1 and R 2 each represent alkyl groups of C 1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R 3 represents a C 1-15 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R 4 represents a C 1-5 alkyl, a C 1-5 hydroxylakyl or a benzyl group; R 5 represents a benzyl group; and X represents a salt-forming anion.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
136 words
In the dyeing of a fibrous material having a content of an anionic polyacrylonitrile fiber, wherein said material is contacted with an aqueous dye bath containing a cationic dye and said dye is substantively absorbed by said fiber, the improvement which comprises providing said bath with a content as retardant for the dyeing and as levelling agent for said dye of a water-soluble quaternary ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR7## wherein R 1 and R 2 each represent alkyl groups of C 1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R 3 represents a C 1-15 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R 4 represents a C 1-5 alkyl, a C 1-5 hydroxylakyl or a benzyl group; R 5 represents a benzyl group; and X represents a salt-forming anion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
52 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in R 1 and R 2 conforms to the following distribution: ______________________________________
Carbon Atoms in R.sup.1 + R.sup.2
No. % by Wt.
______________________________________
13 25
14 30
15 30
16 15
______________________________________ and R 3 represents --CH 3 .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein R 4 represents methyl.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein X represents Cl - .
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt has the formula: ##STR8## wherein R 1 and R 2 are alkyl where the sum of the carbon atoms is from 9 to 12.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the quaternary salt has the formula: ##STR9## wherein R 1 and R 2 are alkyl where the sum of the carbon atoms is from 13 to 16.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt has the formula: ##STR10## wherein R 1 and R 2 are alkyl wherein the sum of the carbon atoms is from 13 to 16.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt has the formula: ##STR11## wherein R 1 and R 2 are alkyl where the sum of the carbon atoms is from 13 to 16.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the cationic dye is selected from the group consisting of diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, rhodamine, oxazine, thiazine, diazine, indoline, cyanine, basic azo and azo methine dyes.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said quaternary amminium salt is present in said baths at the start of said dyeing in amount between 0.25% and 2% of the weight of said fibrous material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said quaternary ammonium salt to said dye is between 1:10 and 10:1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said quaternary ammonium salt to said dye is between 1:1 and 8:1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said bath has a pH between 4,0 and 6,5.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said fibrous material is in the form of monofilaments, threads, knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, fleeces or carpeting.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
An anionic polyacrylonitrile fiber dyed by a process according to claim 1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
95 words
An aqueous dye bath adapted to dye anionic polyacrylonitrile fibrous material, comprising an aqueous solution of a cationic dye and a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR12## wherein R 1 and R 2 represent alkyl groups of C 1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R 3 represents a C 1-5 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R 4 represents a C 1-5 alkyl, or a C 1-5 hydroxyalkyl or a benzyl group; R 5 represents a benzyl group; and X - represents a salt-forming anion.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
95 words
An aqueous dye bath adapted to dye anionic polyacrylonitrile fibrous material, comprising an aqueous solution of a cationic dye and a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR12## wherein R 1 and R 2 represent alkyl groups of C 1-15 chain length wherein the sum of the carbon atoms in said groups is 9 to 18; R 3 represents a C 1-5 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group; R 4 represents a C 1-5 alkyl, or a C 1-5 hydroxyalkyl or a benzyl group; R 5 represents a benzyl group; and X - represents a salt-forming anion.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
A dye bath according to claim 16 wherein the ratio of said dyes to said quaternary ammonium salt is between 1:10 to 10:1 by weight.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
A dye bath according to claim 16 wherein said ratio is 1:1 to 1:8.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A bath according to claim 16 having an acid pH in the range of 4,0 to 6,5.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-05-22 | 1981-11-21 | 1982-05-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-05-22 | 1985-11-21 | 1986-05-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-05-22 | 1989-11-21 | 1990-05-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |