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US4089807A
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Reactivation of a phosphorus-vanadium-oxygen complex oxidation catalyst
Assignee: BP Corp North America Inc
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Filing: 1977-04-21
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Granted: 1978-05-16
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Expires: 1997-04-21
Abstract
Abstract The present disclosure relates to a method of reactivation of phosphorus-vanadium-oxygen complex catalysts which are useful in the oxidation of hydrocarbons in particular acylic aliphatics such as alkanes or alkenes to oxidation products including aldehydes, ketones, acids and anhydrides. The present method of reactivation is implemented by passing selected halide containing materials over the catalyst at reactivation conditions to effect formation of a volatile vanadium compound which is removed from the catalyst. This procedure is applicable to reactivation of catalyst which during normal oxidation process become deactivated.
Inventors
- 👤 Walter Partenheimer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 09:23
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C51/00; C07C51/16; C07C51/21; C07C51/215; B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/90; B01J23/94; B01J27/00; B01J27/28; B01J27/285; C07C51/25; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/584
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
216 words
A process for reactivation of a phosphorus-vanadium-oxygen catalyst capable of oxidizing hydrocarbons in the presence of molecular oxygen, which catalyst has been deactivated by a loss of phosphorus during process use, which reactivation process comprises contacting said catalyst complex at reactivation conditions with an effective amount of a reactivating agent capable of removing vanadium from said catalyst by formation of a volatile vanadium compound, said reactivating agent being in the vapor phase at said reactivation conditions and selected from the group consisting of: (A) Molecular halogens; (B) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: (H).sub.m C(X).sub.n where each X is a selected halide, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and m is an integer from 0 to 3 consistent with the value of n; (C) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: R(X.sub.1)m where R is alkane, alkene, or alkyne of straight or branched structure having at least two carbon atoms, and X 1 is independently a primary, secondary, or tertiary halide, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 20 consistent with the number of carbon atoms of said structure; and (D) Hydrogen halides; or mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
216 words
A process for reactivation of a phosphorus-vanadium-oxygen catalyst capable of oxidizing hydrocarbons in the presence of molecular oxygen, which catalyst has been deactivated by a loss of phosphorus during process use, which reactivation process comprises contacting said catalyst complex at reactivation conditions with an effective amount of a reactivating agent capable of removing vanadium from said catalyst by formation of a volatile vanadium compound, said reactivating agent being in the vapor phase at said reactivation conditions and selected from the group consisting of: (A) Molecular halogens; (B) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: (H).sub.m C(X).sub.n where each X is a selected halide, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and m is an integer from 0 to 3 consistent with the value of n; (C) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: R(X.sub.1)m where R is alkane, alkene, or alkyne of straight or branched structure having at least two carbon atoms, and X 1 is independently a primary, secondary, or tertiary halide, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 20 consistent with the number of carbon atoms of said structure; and (D) Hydrogen halides; or mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said catalyst comprises pentavalent phosphorus and tetravalent vanadium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 2 further characterized in that said catalyst has an atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium in the range of from about 0.5 to about 5.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 3 further characterized in that said catalyst contains a metal activator selected from the group consisting of lithium, bismuth, zinc, copper or mixtures thereof and having from about 0.05 to about 0.5 atoms of metal activator per atom of vanadium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is a molecular halogen.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
65 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is an organic halide being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: (H).sub.m C(X).sub.n where each X is a selected halide, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and m is an integer from 0 to 3 consistent with the value of n.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
84 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is an organic halide being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: R(X.sub.1)m where R is alkane, alkene, or alkyne of straight or branched structure having at least two carbon atoms, and X 1 is independently a primary, secondary, or tertiary halide, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 20 consistent with the number of carbon atoms of said structure.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is a hydrogen halide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl 2 , HCl, CH 3 Cl, CH 2 Cl 2 , CHCl 3 and CCl 4 or mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is Cl 2 .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is CCl 4 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
194 words
A process for reactivation of a deactivated phosphorus-vanadium-oxygen complex catalyst capable of oxidizing hydrocarbon in the presence of molecular oxygen which comprises contacting said catalyst complex at reactivation conditions with an effective amount of a reactivating agent which is in the vapor phase at reactivation conditions, said reactivating agent being selected from the group consisting of: (A) Molecular halogens; (B) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the formula: (H).sub.m C(X).sub.n where each X is a selected halide, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and m is an integer from 0 to 3 consistent with the value of n; (C) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: R(X.sub.1)m where R is alkane, alkene, or alkyne of straight or branched structure having at least two carbon atoms, and X 1 , is independently a primary, secondary, or tertiary halide, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 20 consistent with the number of carbon atoms of said structure; and (D) Hydrogen halides; or mixtures thereof, to thereby reactivate said catalyst.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
194 words
A process for reactivation of a deactivated phosphorus-vanadium-oxygen complex catalyst capable of oxidizing hydrocarbon in the presence of molecular oxygen which comprises contacting said catalyst complex at reactivation conditions with an effective amount of a reactivating agent which is in the vapor phase at reactivation conditions, said reactivating agent being selected from the group consisting of: (A) Molecular halogens; (B) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the formula: (H).sub.m C(X).sub.n where each X is a selected halide, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and m is an integer from 0 to 3 consistent with the value of n; (C) Organic halides being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: R(X.sub.1)m where R is alkane, alkene, or alkyne of straight or branched structure having at least two carbon atoms, and X 1 , is independently a primary, secondary, or tertiary halide, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 20 consistent with the number of carbon atoms of said structure; and (D) Hydrogen halides; or mixtures thereof, to thereby reactivate said catalyst.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent comprises molecular halogen.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent comprises hydrogen halide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said catalyst comprises pentavalent phosphorus and tetravalent vanadium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 15 further characterized in that said catalyst has an atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium in the range of from about 0.5 to about 5.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 16 further characterized in that said catalyst contains a metal activator selected from the group consisting of lithium, bismuth, zinc, copper or mixtures thereof and having from about 0.05 to about 0.5 atoms of metal activator per atom of vanadium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
65 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is an organic halide being in the vapor state above about 250° C at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: (H).sub.m C(X).sub.n where each X is a selected halide, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and m is an integer from 0 to 3 consistent with the value of n.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
84 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is an organic halide being in the vapor state above about 250° C. at atmospheric pressure represented by the following formula: R(X.sub.1)m where R is alkane, alkene, or alkyne of straight or branched structure having at least two carbon atoms, and X 1 is independently a primary, secondary, or tertiary halide, and m is an integer of from 1 to about 20 consistent with the number of carbon atoms of said structure.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl 2 , HCl, CH 3 Cl, CH 2 Cl 2 , CHCl 3 and CCl 4 or mixtures thereof.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is Cl 2 .
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is CCl 4 .
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 12 further characterized in that said catalyst has an atomic ratio of phosphorus to vanadium in the range of from about 0.5 to about 5.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 25 further characterized in that said catalyst contains a metal activator selected from the group consisting of lithium, bismuth, zinc, copper or mixtures thereof and having from about 0.05 to about 0.5 atoms of metal activator per atom of vanadium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
72 words
The process of claim 24 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl 2 , HCl, CH 3 Cl 2 , CHCl 3 , CCl 4 , C 2 H 5 Cl, C 2 H 4 Cl 2 , C 2 H 3 Cl 3 , C 2 H 2 Cl 4 , C 2 HCl 5 , C 2 Cl 6 or mixtures thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 25 further characterized in that said reactivating agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl 2 , CH 3 Cl, CH 2 Cl 2 , CHCl 3 , CCl 4 or mixtures thereof.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4020174A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-11-14 | 1982-05-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-05-15 | 1985-11-14 | 1986-05-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-05-15 | 1989-11-14 | 1990-05-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |