Patent US4086184A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4086184A
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Reactivation of deactivated hydrocarbon conversion catalyst by ultrasonic insonation
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1973-05-02
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Granted: 1978-04-25
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Expires: 1993-05-02
Abstract
Abstract Catalysts used in hydrocarbon conversion operations are subject to "permanent" deactivation after successive use and regeneration. These permanently deactivated catalysts can be reactivated by immersing them in a liquid medium and subjecting the liquid medium to ultrasonic energy. This reactivation is especially suitable to catalyst mixtures, comprising (1) an amorphous base and/or (2) a crystalline aluminosilicate component and/or (3) a transition metal hydrogenation component, particularly those employed in hydrocracking operations.
Inventors
- 👤 H. Clarke Henry
- 👤 Ramaswami Ranganathan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 03:59
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J38/00; B01J38/48; B01J23/00; B01J23/90; B01J29/00; B01J29/90; B01J37/00; B01J37/34; B01J37/341; B01J37/343; B01J8/00; B01J8/16; C; C10; C10G; C10G47/00; C10G47/02; C10G47/10; C10G47/12; C10G47/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
51 words
A method for reactivating a permanently deactivated hydrocarbon conversion catalyst which comprises: (a) oxidizing the catalyst by exposing said catalyst to air at elevated temperatures; and (b) immersing said oxidized catalyst resulting from step (a) in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and applying ultrasonic energy thereto.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
51 words
A method for reactivating a permanently deactivated hydrocarbon conversion catalyst which comprises: (a) oxidizing the catalyst by exposing said catalyst to air at elevated temperatures; and (b) immersing said oxidized catalyst resulting from step (a) in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and applying ultrasonic energy thereto.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 1 in which the ultrasonic energy has a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 2 in which the frequency is from about 18 to about 22 kHz.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 2 in which the ultrasonic energy has a transducer power output of minimally 6 watts per square inch.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 4 in which the power output is from about 10 to about 40 watts per square inch.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 2 in which the liquid medium is a petroleum oil.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 6 in which the petroleum oil is a white oil.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 6 in which the petroleum oil is a mineral oil.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 2 in which the liquid medium is a solvent for at least a portion of the contaminants deposited on the catalyst.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 9 in which the solvent is an organic solvent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 2 in which the catalyst contains a silica/alumina support.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 11 in which the catalyst comprises a crystalline aluminosilicate on a silica/alumina support.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
83 words
A method for reactivating a hydrocracking catalyst which has become permanently deactivated by deposits of carbonaceous material and metal oxides thereon, which method comprises the sequential steps of: (a) oxidizing said carbonaceous material off said catalyst by exposing the catalyst to air at elevated temperatures; and (b) immersing the oxidized catalyst from step (a) in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and agitating said medium by ultrasonic energy having a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
83 words
A method for reactivating a hydrocracking catalyst which has become permanently deactivated by deposits of carbonaceous material and metal oxides thereon, which method comprises the sequential steps of: (a) oxidizing said carbonaceous material off said catalyst by exposing the catalyst to air at elevated temperatures; and (b) immersing the oxidized catalyst from step (a) in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and agitating said medium by ultrasonic energy having a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the catalyst contains a silica/alumina support.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method according to claim 14 in which the liquid medium is an organic liquid in which a portion of the material deposited on the catalyst is soluble.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 14 in which the catalyst is reactivated in the hydrocracking reactor.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the catalyst comprises a crystalline aluminosilicate on an amorphous silica/alumina support.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method according to claim 17 in which the liquid medium is an organic liquid in which a portion of the material deposited on the catalyst is soluble.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 17 in which the catalyst is reactivated in the hydrocracking reactor.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
117 words
In a hydrocracking process in which a petroleum feedstock is cracked in the presence of a catalyst on an amorphous silica/alumina support and said catalyst is regenerated by calcination, which catalyst is subject to permanent deactivation by deposits of carbonaceous material and metal oxide contaminants which cannot be removed by regeneration, the improvement which comprises reactivating the permanently deactivated catalyst by (a) oxidizing said carbonaceous material off the catalyst by exposing said catalyst to air at elevated temperatures and (b) immersing said oxidized catalyst resulting from step (a) in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and agitating said medium by ultrasonic energy having a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
117 words
In a hydrocracking process in which a petroleum feedstock is cracked in the presence of a catalyst on an amorphous silica/alumina support and said catalyst is regenerated by calcination, which catalyst is subject to permanent deactivation by deposits of carbonaceous material and metal oxide contaminants which cannot be removed by regeneration, the improvement which comprises reactivating the permanently deactivated catalyst by (a) oxidizing said carbonaceous material off the catalyst by exposing said catalyst to air at elevated temperatures and (b) immersing said oxidized catalyst resulting from step (a) in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and agitating said medium by ultrasonic energy having a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
117 words
In a hydrocracking process in which a petroleum feedstock is cracked in the presence of a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst on an amorphous silica/alumina support and said catalyst is regenerated by calcination, which catalyst is subjected to permanent deactivation by deposits of carbonaceous material and metal oxide contaminants which cannot be removed by regeneration, the improvement which consists essentially of reactivating the permanently deactivated catalyst by (a) oxidizing said carbonaceous material off the catalyst by exposing the catalyst to air at elevated temperatures and (b) immersing said oxidized catalyst in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and agitating said medium by ultrasonic energy having a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
117 words
In a hydrocracking process in which a petroleum feedstock is cracked in the presence of a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst on an amorphous silica/alumina support and said catalyst is regenerated by calcination, which catalyst is subjected to permanent deactivation by deposits of carbonaceous material and metal oxide contaminants which cannot be removed by regeneration, the improvement which consists essentially of reactivating the permanently deactivated catalyst by (a) oxidizing said carbonaceous material off the catalyst by exposing the catalyst to air at elevated temperatures and (b) immersing said oxidized catalyst in a liquid medium which does not react with the catalyst and agitating said medium by ultrasonic energy having a frequency of from about 18 to about 500 kHz.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-04-24 | 1981-10-24 | 1982-04-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-04-24 | 1985-10-24 | 1986-04-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-04-24 | 1989-10-24 | 1990-04-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |