Aquatic pesticidal compositions and method

Claim 2

A pesticidal "slick" formulation comprising: (a) 5 to 60% by weight of a pesticidal agent, (b) 0.2 to 4% by weight of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a non-ionic surfactant and mixtures thereof, said surfactant havig an HLB value of less than 12.5, and (c) a water-immiscible solvent/diluent selected from the group consisting of a water-immiscible solvent, a water-immiscible solvent with one or more water-immiscible diluents and mixtures thereof, said water-immiscible solvent/diluent having a mean specific gravity of less than 1 and being present in an amount to make up the balance to 100% by weight; the proportions of said constituents (a), (b) and (c) being such that said formulation has a positive spreading co-efficient value.

Claim 3

The formulation of claim 1, wherein the pesticidal agent is an insecticidal agent.

Claim 4

The formulation of claim 2, wherein the insecticidal agent is an organophosphate.

Claim 5

The formulation of claim 3, wherein the organophosphate is selected from the group consisting of O,O-dimethyl-O-[quinoxalkyl-(2)]-thionophosphate and O,O-diethyl-O-[quinoxalyl-(2)]-thionophsophate.

Claim 6

The formulation of claim 1, wherein the pesticidal agent is a herbicidal agent.

Claim 7

The formulation of claim 5, wherein the herbicidal agent is selected from the group consisting of a pyradazinone and a phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative.

Claim 8

The formulation of claim 6, wherein the pyradazinone is (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino)-2,α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone and the phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative is 2-methyl-4-chloro-phenoxy iso-octyl acetate.

Claim 9

The formulation of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: a. a propylene oxide/ethylene-diamine/ethylene-oxide copolymer having an HLB value of 7.0, b. a sorbitol monolaurate having an HLB value of 8.6, c. an alkylaryl polyether-ethanol hving an HLB value of 9.1, d. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol monostearate having an HLB value of 9.6, e. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate laurate having an HLB value of 10.0, f. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value 10.2, g. a nonylphenylpolyethylene glycol ether having an HLB value of 10.9, h. a condensate of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic precondensate formed by condensing propylene oxide with propylene glycol, having an HLB value of either 11.0 or 12.0, i. a polyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value of 11.4, j. a polyethylene ether having an HLB value of less than 12.5, k. a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and l. a blend polyoxyethylene ether or fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having an HLB value of less than 12.5.

Claim 10

The formulation of claim 8, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene ether having an HLB value of less then 12.5, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and a blend polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5.

Claim 11

The formulation of claim 9, wherein the surfactant is a blend of polyoxyethylene ether/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5.

Claim 12

The formulation of claim 1, wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a mixture of a solvent and a diluent.

Claim 13

The formulation of claim 11, wherein the solvent comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction.

Claim 14

The formulation of claim 12, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 130°-220° C, 161°-182° C, 187°-213° C or 203°-267° C.

Claim 15

The formulation of claim 12, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is a high boiling aromatic naphtha.

Claim 16

The formulation of claim 12, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is xylene, toluene or methyl-naphthalene.

Claim 17

The formulation of claim 11, wherein the solvent is a liquid, water-immiscible phenol.

Claim 18

The formulation of claim 16, wherein the phenol is technical grade nonyl phenol.

Claim 19

The formulation of claim 11, wherein the solvent itself comprises a mixture of separate constituents.

Claim 20

The formulation of claim 18, wherein the solvent consists of a mixture of xylene and nonyl phenol (technical grade).

Claim 21

The formulation of claim 11, wherein the diluent comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction.

Claim 22

The formulation of claim 20, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 175° to 288° C or 140° to 200° C.

Claim 23

The formulation of claim 21, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is kerosene having a boiling range of 175° to 288° C.

Claim 24

The formulation of claim 1, wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a solvent which also serves as a diluent.

Claim 25

The formulation of claim 23, wherein the solvent is a mixture of solvents.

Claim 26

The formulation of claim 1, wherein the proportion of each constituent is arranged to provide a spreading co-efficient of at least +5 dyn/cm.

Claim 27

The formulation of claim 25, wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +5 to +30 dyn/cm.

Claim 28

The formulation of claim 26, wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +10 to +30 dyn/cm.

Claim 29

The formulation of claim 27, wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +20 to +30 dyn/cm.

Claim 32

The method of claim 29 wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of plus 10 to plus 30 dyn/cm.

Claim 33

The method of claim 29 wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: a. a propylene oxide/ethylene-diamine ethylene-oxide copolymer having an HLB value of 7.0, b. a sorbitol monolaurate having an HLB value of 8.6, c. an alkylaryl polyether-ethanol having an HLB value of 9.1, d. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol monostearate having an HLB value of 9.6, e. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate laurate having an HLB value of 10.0, f. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value of 10.2, g. a nonylphenylpolyethylene glycol ether having an HLB value of 10.9, h. a condensate of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic precondensate formed by condensing propylene oxide with propylene glycol, having an HLB value of either 11.0 or 12.0, i. a polyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value of 11.4, j. a polyethylene ether having an HLB value of less than 12.5, k. a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and l. a blend polyoxyethylene ether or fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having an HLB value of less than 12.5.

Claim 34

The method of claim 31 wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene ether having an HLB value of less than 12.5, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and a blend polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5.

Claim 35

The method of claim 32 wherein the surfactant is a blend polyoxyethylene ether/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5.

Claim 36

The method of claim 29 wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a mixture of a solvent and a diluent.

Claim 37

The method of claim 34 wherein the solvent comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction.

Claim 38

The method of claim 35 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 130°-220° C, 151°-182° C, 187°-213° C or 203°-267° C.

Claim 39

The method of claim 35 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is a high boiling aromatic naphtha.

Claim 40

The method of claim 35 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is xylene, toluene or methyl-naphthalene.

Claim 41

The method of claim 34 wherein the solvent is a liquid, water-immiscible phenol.

Claim 42

The method of claim 39 wherein the phenol is technical grade nonyl phenol.

Claim 43

The method of claim 34 wherein the solvent itself comprises a mixture of separate constituents.

Claim 44

The method of claim 41 wherein the solvent consists of a mixture of xylene and nonyl phenol (technical grade).

Claim 45

The method of claim 34 wherein the diluent comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction.

Claim 46

The method of claim 43 wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 175° to 288° C or 140° to 200° C.

Claim 47

The method of claim 44 wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is kerosene having a boiling range of 175° to 288° C.

Claim 48

The method of claim 29 wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a solvent which also serves as a diluent.

Claim 49

The method of claim 46 wherein the solvent is a mixture of solvents.

Claim 50

The method of claim 29 wherein the proportion of each constituent is arranged to provide a spreading co-efficient of at least +5 dyn/cm.

Claim 51

The method of claim 48 wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +5 to +30 dyn/cm.

Claim 52

The method of claim 30 wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +20 to +30 dyn/cm.

Claim 53

The method of claim 29 wherein the pesticidal agent is an insecticidal agent.

Claim 54

The method of claim 51 wherein the pesticidal agent is selected from the group consisting of O,O-dimethyl-O-[quinoxalyl-(2)]-thionophosphate and O,O-diethyl-O-[quinoxalyl-(2)]-thionophosphate.

Claim 55

The method of claim 29 wherein the pesticidal agent is a herbicidal agent selected from the group consisting of a pyradazinone and a phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative.

Claim 56

The method of claim 53 wherein the pyradazinone is (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino-2,α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl-3(2H)-pyridazinone and the phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative is 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy iso-octyl acetate.