US4078954A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Illuminating pyrotechnic composition which generates gases
Assignee: Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Filing: 1976-06-25
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Granted: 1978-03-14
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Expires: 1996-06-25
Abstract
Abstract An illuminating pyrotechnic composition comprising a stable inorganic combustion-supporting agent, a nitrated carbohydrate as a high energy binder, at least one non-volatile organic combustible compound whose combustion is exothermic overall and, optionally, a metallic constituent. Such a composition is readily ignitable and combustible and is particularly useful in block form in a signal flare or firework.
Inventors
- 👤 Claude Bernardy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 04:03
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B31/00; C06B31/02; C06B31/12; C06B31/22; C06B31/24; C06C; C06C15/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S149/00; Y10S149/116
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
204 words
An illuminating pyrotechnic composition, useful to produce visible flares, which consists essentially of, based on the weight of said composition: (a) From about 30 to about 75% of a stable inorganic combustion-supporting agent which contains at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate, (b) from about 3 to about 20% of a nitrated carbohydrate as a high energy binder, (c) from about 12 to about 60% of a non-volatile organic combustible constituent which is stable up to a temperature of about 100° C, said constituent being at least one member selected from a first group consisting of dicyandiamide, cyanamide, melamine, tri(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, and hexamethoxymethylmelamine, or being at least one member of said first group with at least one member selected from a second group consisting of cyanuric acid, azotetrazole, amino-tetrazole, ethyleneurea, glycoluril, dimethylurea, dimethylolurea, and azodicarbonamide, the combustion of said constituent being exothermic overall, and (d) from 0 to about 15% of a metallic constituent, and said metalic constituent consisting of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and magnesium, the proportion of (d) not exceeding that of (c), the relative proportions of said constituents (a)-(d) being such that said composition can be ignited and can undergo combustion.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
204 words
An illuminating pyrotechnic composition, useful to produce visible flares, which consists essentially of, based on the weight of said composition: (a) From about 30 to about 75% of a stable inorganic combustion-supporting agent which contains at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate, (b) from about 3 to about 20% of a nitrated carbohydrate as a high energy binder, (c) from about 12 to about 60% of a non-volatile organic combustible constituent which is stable up to a temperature of about 100° C, said constituent being at least one member selected from a first group consisting of dicyandiamide, cyanamide, melamine, tri(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, and hexamethoxymethylmelamine, or being at least one member of said first group with at least one member selected from a second group consisting of cyanuric acid, azotetrazole, amino-tetrazole, ethyleneurea, glycoluril, dimethylurea, dimethylolurea, and azodicarbonamide, the combustion of said constituent being exothermic overall, and (d) from 0 to about 15% of a metallic constituent, and said metalic constituent consisting of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and magnesium, the proportion of (d) not exceeding that of (c), the relative proportions of said constituents (a)-(d) being such that said composition can be ignited and can undergo combustion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which said constituent (c) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dicyanamide, cyanamide, melamine, tri-(hydroxyethyl)-isocyanurate, and hexamethoxymethylmelamine.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
188 words
An illuminating pyrotechnic composition, useful to produce visible flares, which consists of, based on the weight of said composition: (a) from about 30 to about 75% of a stable inorganic combustion-supporting agent which contains at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate, (b) from about 3 to about 20% of a nitrated carbohydrate as a high energy binder, (c) from about 12 to about 60% of a non-volatile organic combustible substance which is stable up to a temperature of about 100° C the combustion of which is exothermic overall, said substance being at least one member selected from the group consisting of dicyandiamide, cyanamide, melamine, tri(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, hexamethoxymethylmelamine, and further being at least one member selected from the group consisting of cyanuric acid, azotetrazole, aminotetrazole, ethyleneurea, glycoluril, dimethylurea, dimethylolurea and azodicarbonamide, (d) from 0 to 15% of a metallic constituent, said metallic constituent consisting of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and magnesium, the proportion of (d) not exceeding that of (c), the relative proportions of said constituents (a)-(d) being such that said composition can be ignited and can undergo combustion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
188 words
An illuminating pyrotechnic composition, useful to produce visible flares, which consists of, based on the weight of said composition: (a) from about 30 to about 75% of a stable inorganic combustion-supporting agent which contains at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate, (b) from about 3 to about 20% of a nitrated carbohydrate as a high energy binder, (c) from about 12 to about 60% of a non-volatile organic combustible substance which is stable up to a temperature of about 100° C the combustion of which is exothermic overall, said substance being at least one member selected from the group consisting of dicyandiamide, cyanamide, melamine, tri(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, hexamethoxymethylmelamine, and further being at least one member selected from the group consisting of cyanuric acid, azotetrazole, aminotetrazole, ethyleneurea, glycoluril, dimethylurea, dimethylolurea and azodicarbonamide, (d) from 0 to 15% of a metallic constituent, said metallic constituent consisting of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and magnesium, the proportion of (d) not exceeding that of (c), the relative proportions of said constituents (a)-(d) being such that said composition can be ignited and can undergo combustion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which said constituent (c) consists of at least two organic combustible compounds, one of which is dicyandiamide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which said constituent (a) consists solely of at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which said binder (b) is nitrocellulose.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
47 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the amounts based on the total weight of said composition, are about 40 to 70% of (a), about 5 to about 20% of (b), about 12 to about 45% of (c), and 0 to about 15% of (d).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which the weight ratio of (c) plus (d) to (a) is from about 0.2 to 1:1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which said constituent (b) includes a plasticiser therefor which amounts to not more than 25% of the weight thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, in which the proportion of said metallic constituent (d) is not more than 65% of said constituent (c).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition as set forth in claim 1, which additionally includes at least one of a colouring agent and a decomposition catalyst.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition according to claim 2 which consists of 50% sodium nitrate, 40% dicyandiamide and 10% nitrocellulose.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 2 which consists of 66% barium nitrate, 17% dycyandiamide, 17% nitrocellulose.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition according to claim 2 which consists of 61% strontium nitrate, 17% dicyandiamide, 11% nitrocellulose, 11% aluminum.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
A composition according to claim 4 which consists of 50.5% strontium nitrate, 9% dicyandiamide, 24% cyanuric acid, 10% nitrocellulose, 2.5% magnesium, 4% polyvinyl chloride.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition according to claim 2 which contains 60% strontium nitrate, 23.5% dicyandiamide, 5.5% nitrocellulose, 11% magnesium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-03-13 | 1981-09-12 | 1982-03-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-03-13 | 1985-09-12 | 1986-03-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-03-13 | 1989-09-12 | 1990-03-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |