US4064324A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Metal-Halogenelectrochemical cell
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1976-04-07
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Granted: 1977-12-20
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Expires: 1996-04-07
Abstract
Abstract An improved metal-halogen electrochemical cell particularly a zinc bromide cell, contains a water soluble organo substituted amino acid salt in the electrolyte which forms a substantially water insoluble liquid complex with cathodic halogen thereby reducing self-discharge of the cell.
Inventors
- 👤 Daniel J. Eustace
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 21:46
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/36; H01M10/365; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
148 words
In an electrochemical cell having a metal anode wherein the metal is selected from zinc and cadmium; a bromine cathode; an aqueous electrolyte containing a metal bromide, the metal bromide having the same metal as the metal of the anode, the improvement comprising: a bromine complexing agent in said aqueous metal bromide electrolyte, said complexing agent consisting solely of a quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted alpha amino acid having the following formulas: ##STR9## wherein X 31 is a halide anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are alkyl and haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which quaternary ammonium salt is soluble in water and forms a cathodically active halogen complex which is a substantially water immiscible liquid at temperatures in the range of from about 10° to about 60° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
148 words
In an electrochemical cell having a metal anode wherein the metal is selected from zinc and cadmium; a bromine cathode; an aqueous electrolyte containing a metal bromide, the metal bromide having the same metal as the metal of the anode, the improvement comprising: a bromine complexing agent in said aqueous metal bromide electrolyte, said complexing agent consisting solely of a quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted alpha amino acid having the following formulas: ##STR9## wherein X 31 is a halide anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are alkyl and haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, which quaternary ammonium salt is soluble in water and forms a cathodically active halogen complex which is a substantially water immiscible liquid at temperatures in the range of from about 10° to about 60° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the anode metal is zinc.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the anode metal is cadmium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the halide, X--, is bromide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is a nitrogen substituted carboxyethyl derivative of pyridine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is a nitrogen substituted carboxyethyl derivative of piperidine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the amino acid salt is a nitrogen substituted carboxyethyl derivative of morpholine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 1 wherein the amino acid is a betaine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
127 words
An aqueous metal halogen secondary battery including a plurality of electrochemical cells, said electrochemical cells comprising a zinc anode; an inert counter-electrode; an aqueous electrolyte, said aqueous electrolyte consisting essentially of an aqueous zinc bromide solution and a cathodically active bromine complex, which complex is a liquid at temperatures below 60° C and which complex is substantially water immiscible, said bromine complex being formed solely between bromine and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted alpha amino acid, said salt being selected from those having the following formulas: ##STR10## wherein X-- is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl and haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
127 words
An aqueous metal halogen secondary battery including a plurality of electrochemical cells, said electrochemical cells comprising a zinc anode; an inert counter-electrode; an aqueous electrolyte, said aqueous electrolyte consisting essentially of an aqueous zinc bromide solution and a cathodically active bromine complex, which complex is a liquid at temperatures below 60° C and which complex is substantially water immiscible, said bromine complex being formed solely between bromine and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted alpha amino acid, said salt being selected from those having the following formulas: ##STR10## wherein X-- is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl and haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
121 words
An aqueous zinc-bromine cell comprising: a zinc anode; a cathodically active bromine complex; an inert electrode; and an aqueous zinc bromide electrolyte said cathodically active bromine complex being formed solely between bromine and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted amino acid selected from those having the general formulas: ##STR11## wherein X-- is a halide ion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl or haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and wherein said bromine complex of said N-organo substituted amino acid salt is a substantially water immiscible complex which is a liquid at temperatures ranging from about 10° to about 60° C.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
121 words
An aqueous zinc-bromine cell comprising: a zinc anode; a cathodically active bromine complex; an inert electrode; and an aqueous zinc bromide electrolyte said cathodically active bromine complex being formed solely between bromine and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt of an N-organo substituted amino acid selected from those having the general formulas: ##STR11## wherein X-- is a halide ion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide ions, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl or haloalkyl groups of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and wherein said bromine complex of said N-organo substituted amino acid salt is a substantially water immiscible complex which is a liquid at temperatures ranging from about 10° to about 60° C.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-12-19 | 1981-06-20 | 1981-12-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-12-19 | 1985-06-20 | 1985-12-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-12-19 | 1989-06-20 | 1989-12-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |