US3811945A
Expired / Lapsed
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Electric battery
Assignee: Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche
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Filing: 1972-08-24
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Granted: 1974-05-21
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Expires: 1992-08-24
Abstract
Abstract An electric battery is disclosed comprising a plurality of cells arranged in series, each cell comprising an aqueous electrolyte of zinc bromide circulated through the cells during charging and discharging, a bipolar electrode having a zinc anode deposited on one side and a bromine cathode and active cathodic mass on the other side. The active cathodic mass contains an active cathodic substance which is substantially insoluble in water and which is capable of combining with cathodic bromine to form solid addition products. Additive substances are dissolved in the electrolyte to reduce the solubility of the active cathodic substance, to increase the conductivity and acidity of the electrolyte, and to encourage the zinc to deposit in a thin and uniform layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Rossi M De
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 01:39
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/36; H01M10/365; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
26 words
The battery of claim 1 wherein the active cathodic substance is selected from the group consisting of tetramethylammonium perchlorate, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium perchlorate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
25 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the active cathodic substance is selected from the group consisting of methonium bromide, methonium perchlorate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the active cathodic substance is selected from the group consisting of methonium bromide, methonium perchlorate, pentamethonium bromide, pentamethonium perchlorate, hexamethonium bromide, hexamethonium perchlorate, decamethonium bromide, decamethonium perchlorate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the active cathodic substance is selected from the group consisting of phenyltrimethylammonium bromide, phenyltrimethylammonium perchlorate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium perchlorate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the active cathodic substance comprises a mixture of tetramethylammonium perchlorate and hexamethonium bromide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein each bipolar electrode comprises an impermeable conducting membrane, said membrane having a zinc anode deposited on one side and a layer of porous felt impregnated with the active cathodic substance on the other side, said impregnated porous felt comprising a bromine cathode.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the layer of porous felt is impregnated with a water-soluble salt which is capable of forming the active cathodic substance upon reacting with an exchange salt.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The electric battery of claim 8 wherein the layer of porous felt is impregnated with a waTer-soluble alkylammonium halide which forms an alkylammonium perchlorate and a soluble alkali salt upon reacting with a perchlorate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electric battery of claim 7 wherein the membrane is made of graphite fibres.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electric battery of claim 7 wherein the membrane is made of an electrically conducting metal sheet covered with graphite cement and coked.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electric battery of claim 7 wherein the membrane is made of moulded graphite resin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
77 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein each bipolar electrode comprises an electrically conducting impermeable membrane, said membrane having a plurality of graphite or graphitised members thereon forming grooves therebetween, said grooves having an active cathodic mass disposed therein, said active cathodic mass composed of a powdered graphite paste, an active cathodic substance, and an inert powder of porous carbon; a lateral retaining ring, and a porous insulating partition to hold the active cathodic mass in place.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electric battery of claim 13 wherein the membrane is made of moulded graphite resin.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electric battery of claim 13 wherein the membrane is made of impermeable graphite, said membrane having grooves moulded therein.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The electric battery of claim 13 wherein the constituents of the active cathodic mass are combined in the following weight ratio: 3 powdered graphite paste : 3 active cathodic substance : 5 porous carbon.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electric battery of claim 13 wherein the powdered graphite paste, the active cathodic substance and the porous carbon are present in equal amounts by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the zinc anode ranges between about 0.03 mm. and about 0.10 mm.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte comprises equal parts by weight of water and zinc bromide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte includes bromic acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
39 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte includes a salt capable of maintaining the conductivity of the electrolyte at the end of the charging process and of furnishing ions which prevent free bromine from dissolving in water.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electric battery of claim 21 wherein the salt is sodium sulfate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
32 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the active cathodic substance is tetramethylammonium perchlorate and the additive in the elecyrolyte to reduce the solubility of the active cathodic substance is sodium perchlorate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electric battery of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte has the following composition:
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-05-20 | 1977-11-19 | 1978-05-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-05-20 | 1981-11-19 | 1982-05-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-05-20 | 1985-11-19 | 1986-05-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |