Patent US4062737A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4062737A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrodeposition of chromium
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1975-12-03
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Granted: 1977-12-13
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Expires: 1995-12-03
Abstract
Abstract Chromium containing deposits free of cracks and having good hardness are plated by the use of a novel aqueous chromium (III) electrolyte. The electrolyte includes an aquo chromium (III)-thiocyanato complex as a source of chromium (III) cations.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald John Barclay
- 👤 William Morris Morgan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 09:15
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/04; C25D3/06; C25D3/56
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
46 words
A composition of matter for use in the electrodeposition of chromium containing deposits consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of aquo chromium (III) thiocyanato complex as a source of trivalent chromium, the concentration of the Cr (III) being in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 M.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
46 words
A composition of matter for use in the electrodeposition of chromium containing deposits consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of aquo chromium (III) thiocyanato complex as a source of trivalent chromium, the concentration of the Cr (III) being in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 M.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the aquo chromium (III) thiocyanato complex is an equilibrium mixture of complexes having the formula (H.sub.2 O).sub.6-n Cr(SCN).sub.n.sup.(+3-n) where n is a whole number from 1 through 6.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 2 in which the complexes are prepared by the process of reacting thiocyanate anion with chromium perchlorate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of matter of claim 1 for plating cobalt-chromium containing alloys in which cobalt cations are present in said aqueous plating solution.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of matter of claim 1 for plating nickel-chromium containing alloys in which nickel cations are present in said aqueous plating solution.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 in which the thiocynate concentration is in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 M.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 6 in which the pH of the aqueous solution is in the range of about 2 to 3.5 and the solution is saturated with boric acid.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
45 words
A method of electrodepositing chromium containing material on a cathode, which comprises passing an electroplating current between an anode and said cathode in a plating solution consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of an aquo chromium (III) thiocyanato complex as a source of trivalent chromium.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
45 words
A method of electrodepositing chromium containing material on a cathode, which comprises passing an electroplating current between an anode and said cathode in a plating solution consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of an aquo chromium (III) thiocyanato complex as a source of trivalent chromium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the aquo chromium (III) thiocyanato complex is an equilibrium mixture of complexes having the formula (H.sub.2 O).sub.6-n Cr(SCN).sub.n.sup.(+3-n) where n is a whole number from 1 through 6.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 9 in which the complexes are prepared by the process of reacting thiocyanate anion with chromium perchlorate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 8 for plating cobalt-chromium containing alloys in which cobalt cations are present in said aqueous plating solution.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 8 for plating nickel-chromium alloys in which nickel cations are present in said aqueous plating solution.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 8 in which the chromium (III) concentration is in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 M and in which the thiocyanate concentration is in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 M.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 13 in which the pH of the aqueous solution is in the range of about 2 to 3.5 and the solution is saturated with boric acid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 14 in which the electroplating current density is in the range of about 20 to 120 mA/cm 2 of the cathode surface.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 8 in which the electroplating current density is in the range of about 20 to 120 mA/cm 2 of the cathode surface.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 8 in which the anode is immersed in an anolyte and said anode and anolyte are separated from the plating solution by an ion exchange barrier.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 17 in which the anolyte is sodium perchlorate.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
67 words
The method of preparing a plating solution for electroplating of chromium comprising the step of reacting a thiocyanate anion with chromium perchlorate in the presence of boric acid in an aqueous solution having a pH of 1 to 2 to form an aquo chromium III thiocyanato complex of the formula (H 2 O) 6-n Cr(SCN) n .sup.(+3-n), which n is a whole number from one through six.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
67 words
The method of preparing a plating solution for electroplating of chromium comprising the step of reacting a thiocyanate anion with chromium perchlorate in the presence of boric acid in an aqueous solution having a pH of 1 to 2 to form an aquo chromium III thiocyanato complex of the formula (H 2 O) 6-n Cr(SCN) n .sup.(+3-n), which n is a whole number from one through six.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as defined in claim 19 wherein the source of thiocyanate anion is sodium thiocyanate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
The invention as defined in claim 19 wherein the chromium in the perchlorate solution is hydrated in the form of Cr(H 2 O 6 ) -3 .
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
The invention as defined in claim 21 wherein the cyanato complex is formed by the progressive replacement of the H 2 O groups.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention as defined in claim 19 wherein the reaction takes place at an elevated temperature.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as defined in claim 19 wherein the reaction solution contains sodium hydroxide to control the pH.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2822326A
Cited
GB1258021A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-12-12 | 1981-06-13 | 1981-12-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-12-12 | 1985-06-13 | 1985-12-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-12-12 | 1989-06-13 | 1989-12-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |