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US4061989A
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Redundancy switching system
Assignee: Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp
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Filing: 1975-09-02
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Granted: 1977-12-06
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Expires: 1995-09-02
Abstract
Abstract A redundancy switching system particularly suitable for transponders of the type used in spacecraft. A plurality of elements such as amplifiers is selectively connectable to a similar plurality of terminals such as input or output ports by switches. For each amplifier there is provided one switch and the switches are interconnected to form a closed loop. The switches may have three or four-port configuration and may be double-pole or triple-pole transfer switches, wafer switches, waveguide transfer switches or the like. In another form of the invention each element is connected to one output port by a switch and additional redundant elements are cross-connected to each other by extra switches so that failed elements can be replaced by standby elements.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter G. Petrelis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 15:09
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04Q; H04Q3/00; H04Q3/64; H04Q3/68; H04Q3/685; H01; H01P; H01P1/00; H01P1/10; H01P1/12; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/74
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
105 words
In a transponder for a communication system, a redundancy switching system comprising: a. a first plurality of elements, said elements being identical; b. a second plurality of terminals for transmitting or receiving a plurality of signals of different frequencies and representing different data, said second plurality being no more than said first plurality; and c. switching means connected to each of said elements, said switching means being interconnected in a closed loop, some of said elements being standby elements, whereby upon failure of one of said elements a standby element is connectable by at least one of said switching means to one of said terminals.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
105 words
In a transponder for a communication system, a redundancy switching system comprising: a. a first plurality of elements, said elements being identical; b. a second plurality of terminals for transmitting or receiving a plurality of signals of different frequencies and representing different data, said second plurality being no more than said first plurality; and c. switching means connected to each of said elements, said switching means being interconnected in a closed loop, some of said elements being standby elements, whereby upon failure of one of said elements a standby element is connectable by at least one of said switching means to one of said terminals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said elements is an active element.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said terminals is an output port.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said terminals in an input port.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein selected pairs of said switching means are directly interconnected.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said switching means provide three ports.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said switching means provide four ports.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said switching means consists each of a two-pole transfer switch.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said switching means consist of a three-pole transfer switch, said switches being ganged.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A system as defined in claim 1 where said switching means consist of coaxial switches.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
A system as defined in claim 1 wherein each of said switching means consist of a waveguide switch.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
121 words
In a transponder for a communication system, a redundancy switching system comprising: a. a first plurality of elements, said elements being identical; b. a second plurality of terminals for transmitting or receiving a plurality of signals of different frequencies and representing different data, the total number of said elements being larger than the total number of said terminals; and c. switching means connected to each other in a closed loop, the number of switching means being larger than the number of said elements, there being one switching means associated with each element, some of said elements being standby elements, whereby upon failure of one of said elements a standby element is connectable by said switching means to one of said terminals.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
121 words
In a transponder for a communication system, a redundancy switching system comprising: a. a first plurality of elements, said elements being identical; b. a second plurality of terminals for transmitting or receiving a plurality of signals of different frequencies and representing different data, the total number of said elements being larger than the total number of said terminals; and c. switching means connected to each other in a closed loop, the number of switching means being larger than the number of said elements, there being one switching means associated with each element, some of said elements being standby elements, whereby upon failure of one of said elements a standby element is connectable by said switching means to one of said terminals.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-12-05 | 1981-06-06 | 1981-12-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-12-05 | 1985-06-06 | 1985-12-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-12-05 | 1989-06-06 | 1989-12-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |