Selective conversion of normal paraffins

Claim 2

An improved process for selectively converting normal paraffins in a hydrocarbon oil to olefins which comprises contacting said oil in vapor phase at a temperature of from about 800° to 1000° F. with a crystalline metallic alumino-silicate having uniform pore spaces of about 5 Angstrom units in a contacting zone and withdrawing from said zone an oil having a reduced normal paraffins content and an increased olefins content.

Claim 3

A process as defined by claim 1 wherein said oil is contacted with said alumino-silicate at a pressure of from about 50 millimeters of mercury to about 50 psi.

Claim 4

A process as defined by claim 1 wherein said oil is contacted with said alumino-silicate at a rate of from about 0.1 to about 3.0 pounds of oil per pound of alumino-silicate per hour.

Claim 5

A process as defined by claim 1 wherein said oil boils in the range of from about 100° to about 750° F.

Claim 6

An improved process for selectively removing normal paraffins from a hydrocarbon oil boiling in the range between about 100° and about 750° F. which comprises vaporizing said oil, contacting the vapors at a temperature of from about 800° to about 1000° F. and a pressure of from about 50 mm. of mercury to about 50 psi. with a 5A molecular sieve in a contacting zone, withdrawing from said zone oil vapors containing olefins formed by the selective conversion of normal paraffins, continuing said contacting until the vapors withdrawn have an undesirably high normal paraffin content, and thereafter regenerating said molecular sieve.

Claim 7

An improved process for selectively removing normal paraffins from a hydrocarbon oil boiling in the range between about 100° and about 750° F. which comprises vaporizing said oil, contacting the vapors at a temperature of from about 800° to about 1000° F. and a pressure of from about 50 mm. of mercury to about 50 psi. with a 5A molecular sieve in a contacting zone, withdrawing from said zone oil vapors containing olefins formed by the selective conversion of normal paraffins, continuing said contacting until the vapors withdrawn have an undesirably high normal paraffin content, and thereafter regenerating said molecular sieve.

Claim 8

A process as defined by claim 5 wherein said oil is contacted with said molecular sieve at a temperature of from about 850° to about 1000° F.

Claim 9

A process as defined by claim 5 wherein said oil is contacted with said molecular sieve at substantially atmospheric pressure.

Claim 10

A process as defined by claim 5 wherein said oil is contacted with said molecular sieve at a rate of from about 0.1 to about 1.0 lbs./lb./hr.

Claim 11

A process as defined by claim 5 wherein said molecular sieve is regenerated by contact with an oxygen-containing gas at elevated temperatures.

Claim 12

A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said oil is contacted with said alumino-silicate at a temperature in the range of about 850° to 1000° F.

Claim 13

A process for selectively cracking normal paraffins to olefins, which paraffins are contained in a hydrocarbon oil which comprises contacting the oil at a cracking temperature in the range of from 800°-1000° F. with a crystalline metallic alumino-silicate having a uniform pore size of about 5 Angstrom Units in a contacting zone and withdrawing from said zone an oil having a reduced normal paraffins content and an increased olefin content.

Claim 14

A process for selectively cracking normal paraffins to olefins, which paraffins are contained in a hydrocarbon oil which comprises contacting the oil at a cracking temperature in the range of from 800°-1000° F. with a crystalline metallic alumino-silicate having a uniform pore size of about 5 Angstrom Units in a contacting zone and withdrawing from said zone an oil having a reduced normal paraffins content and an increased olefin content.

Claim 15

A process for selectively cracking normal paraffins to olefins which paraffins are contained in a hydrocarbon oil which comprises contacting the oil at a cracking temperature in the range of from 800° to 1100° F. with a crystalline metallic alumino-silicate having a uniform pore size of about 5A in a contacting zone and withdrawing from said zone an oil having a reduced normal paraffin content and an increased olefin content.

Claim 16

A process for selectively cracking normal paraffins to olefins which paraffins are contained in a hydrocarbon oil which comprises contacting the oil at a cracking temperature in the range of from 800° to 1100° F. with a crystalline metallic alumino-silicate having a uniform pore size of about 5A in a contacting zone and withdrawing from said zone an oil having a reduced normal paraffin content and an increased olefin content.

Claim 17

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at elevated temperatures, under conditions to effect a conversion of said hydrocarbon fluid, with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said material being the sole conversion catalyst in said zone and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 18

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at elevated temperatures, under conditions to effect a conversion of said hydrocarbon fluid, with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said material being the sole conversion catalyst in said zone and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 19

The process of claim 13 wherein said catalyst comprises a member of the alkaline earth group.

Claim 20

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said catalyst having been prepared by base exchange of the sodium form of the crystalline aluminosilicate with a cation to substantially reduce its sodium content and, thus, improve its catalytic ability for carrying out said conversion, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 21

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said catalyst having been prepared by base exchange of the sodium form of the crystalline aluminosilicate with a cation to substantially reduce its sodium content and, thus, improve its catalytic ability for carrying out said conversion, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 22

The process of claim 15 wherein higher molecular weight hydrocarbons are cracked into lower molecular weight hydrocarbons.

Claim 23

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate having the major portion of its cation content supplied by a cation other than sodium, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 24

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate having the major portion of its cation content supplied by a cation other than sodium, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 25

The process of claim 17 wherein said cation other than sodium comprises an alkaline earth metal.

Claim 26

The process of claim 17 wherein said alkaline earth metal is calcium.

Claim 27

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate being substantially free of exchangeable sodium, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 28

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate being substantially free of exchangeable sodium, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 29

A process for cracking a gas oil which comprises contacting said gas oil at a temperature of about 800° F. to 1,000° F. and at a pressure of about 0 psig. to 150 psi. with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate having the major portion of its cation content supplied by a cation other than sodium.

Claim 30

A process for cracking a gas oil which comprises contacting said gas oil at a temperature of about 800° F. to 1,000° F. and at a pressure of about 0 psig. to 150 psi. with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate having the major portion of its cation content supplied by a cation other than sodium.

Claim 31

The process of claim 21 wherein said aluminosilicate is substantially free of exchangeable sodium.

Claim 32

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a catalyst consisting essentially of a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said catalyst having been prepared by base exchange of the sodium form of the crystalline aluminosilicate with a cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal cations to substantially reduce its sodium content and, thus, improve its catalytic ability for carrying out said conversion, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 33

A hydrocarbon conversion process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon fluid in a conversion zone at an elevated temperature with a catalyst consisting essentially of a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said catalyst having been prepared by base exchange of the sodium form of the crystalline aluminosilicate with a cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal cations to substantially reduce its sodium content and, thus, improve its catalytic ability for carrying out said conversion, and recovering a converted hydrocarbon product having a molecular weight no higher than said first-named hydrocarbon fluid.

Claim 34

The process of claim 23 wherein higher molecular weight hydrocarbons are cracked into lower molecular weight hydrocarbons.

Claim 35

A process for cracking a gas oil which comprises contacting said gas oil at a temperature of about 800° F. to 1,000° F. and at a pressure of about 0 psig. to 150 psi. with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate having the major portion of its cation content supplied by a cation, other than sodium selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal cations.

Claim 36

A process for cracking a gas oil which comprises contacting said gas oil at a temperature of about 800° F. to 1,000° F. and at a pressure of about 0 psig. to 150 psi. with a crystalline metallic aluminosilicate catalyst having uniform pore openings of about 5 Angstrom units, said aluminosilicate having the major portion of its cation content supplied by a cation, other than sodium selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal cations.

Claim 37

The process of claim 25 wherein said aluminosilicate is substantially free of exchangeable sodium.