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Patent US4053585A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4053585A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Immunological preparations
Assignee: National Research Development Corp UK
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Filing: 1975-06-25
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Granted: 1977-10-11
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Expires: 1995-06-25
Abstract
Abstract Immunological preparations are described in which liposomes having a negative charge are used as adjuvants for the purposes of human and veterinary vaccines containing viral or bacterial antigens. The formulation of influenza antigen, and diphtheria and tetanus toxoid antigens in liposomes formed with egg lecithin is described and the adjuvant effect demonstrated.
Inventors
- 👤 Anthony Clifford Allison
- 👤 Gregory Gregoriadis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 22:07
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K39/00; A61K39/39; A61K9/00; A61K9/10; A61K9/127; A61K2039/555; A61K2039/55511; A61K2039/55555; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S424/00; Y10S424/812
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
32 words
A pharmaceutical preparation for administration in vivo to effect immunization comprising an immunologically effective agent selected from bacterial toxoids which agent is incorporated essentially entrapped liposomes, said liposomes having a negative charge.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
32 words
A pharmaceutical preparation for administration in vivo to effect immunization comprising an immunologically effective agent selected from bacterial toxoids which agent is incorporated essentially entrapped liposomes, said liposomes having a negative charge.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 1, formulated as dosage units for use in humans.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
A pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 1, wherein the agent is diphtheria toxoid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
A pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 1, wherein the agent is tetanus toxoid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 1, wherein the liposomes are formed with egg lecithin.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
A pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 1, in which the negative charge is due to the presence of a substance selected from phosphatidic acid, dicetyl phosphate and beef brain ganglioside.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
42 words
A method for the immunization of humans and animals against bacterial infections which comprises administering to such humans and animals an immunologically effective agent selected from bacterial toxoids which agent is incorporated essentially entrapped in liposomes, said liposomes having a negative charge.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
42 words
A method for the immunization of humans and animals against bacterial infections which comprises administering to such humans and animals an immunologically effective agent selected from bacterial toxoids which agent is incorporated essentially entrapped in liposomes, said liposomes having a negative charge.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 7, which comprises administering said immunologically effective agent to a human in unit dosage form.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the bacterial toxoid is diphtheria toxoid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the bacterial toxoid is tetanus toxoid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the immunologically effective agent is administered by injection.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
53 words
A pharmaceutical method which comprises mixing a bacterial toxoid with a lipid and a substance capable of imparting a negative charge, sonicating this mixture to produce liposomes having a negative charge with which said bacterial toxoid is incorporated essentially entrapped, and administering said liposomes to a human or animal to effect immunization thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
53 words
A pharmaceutical method which comprises mixing a bacterial toxoid with a lipid and a substance capable of imparting a negative charge, sonicating this mixture to produce liposomes having a negative charge with which said bacterial toxoid is incorporated essentially entrapped, and administering said liposomes to a human or animal to effect immunization thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 12, wherein the lipid is egg lecithin.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 12, wherein the substance capable of imparting a negative charge is selected from phosphatidic acid, dicetyl phosphate and beef brain ganglioside.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
33 words
In the art of parenterally administering bacterial toxoids to patients susceptible to immunization therewith, the improvement which comprises administering such toxoids entrapped essentially in negatively charged liposomes to enhance the immune response thereto.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
In the art of parenterally administering bacterial toxoids to patients susceptible to immunization therewith, the improvement which comprises administering such toxoids entrapped essentially in negatively charged liposomes to enhance the immune response thereto.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The improvement of claim 15, wherein the bacterial toxoid is diphtheria toxoid administered.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-10-10 | 1981-04-11 | 1981-10-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-10-10 | 1985-04-11 | 1985-10-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-10-10 | 1989-04-11 | 1989-10-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |