Patent US4044380A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4044380A
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Encoder and constructed answer system for television
Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Filing: 1975-06-27
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Granted: 1977-08-23
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Expires: 1995-06-27
Abstract
Abstract In an educational television system, a constructed answer system is based on the use of code pulses that are repeated cyclically during their concealed transmission within a television video waveform. Indicia, e.g., letters of a word or formula, are preloaded into a store in the form of binary code as an output from a punched tape reader or an encoder for a keyboard. The encoder is reset following each transfer of encoded indicia to the store which is indexed by a shift register to render responsive successive columns of flip-flops in a matrixed arrangement. The store includes a column of AND gates to store a permanent "recycle code". The reading of the store is clocked by modified sync pulses applied by a shift register to a matrix arrangement of interconnected AND gates that are also connected to the output of the flip-flops. The readout of the store is repeated cyclically by a logic register that compares the number of encoded indicia in the store with the number of encoded indicia read from the store. Further circuitry, using AND gates, is responsive to a student keyboard to compare the student response with the decoded indicia signals to determine a correct response.
Inventors
- 👤 James W. H. Justice
- 👤 Marcus H. Uhler
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 04:01
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F3/00; G06F3/01; G06F3/048; G06F3/0487; G06F3/0489; G09; G09B; G09B7/00; G09B7/02; H; H04; H04N; H04N7/00; H04N7/002
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
156 words
In a transmitter, an apparatus to repeat cyclically the transmission of code pulses being transmitted in succession within the waveform for video signals in a television system, said apparatus comprising: means for storing code pulses corresponding to encoded indicia; means for loading said means for storing with preselected encoded indicia; shift register means for indexing said means for storing to receive successive encoded indicia; read shift register means for reading from said means for storing code pulses in succession corresponding to said preselected encoded indicia; means for controlling said means for reading to repeat cyclically the reading of code pulses by comparing the number of preselected encoded indicia loaded into said means for storing with the number of encoded indicia read from said means for storing; and control means coupled to said read shift register means for clocking at a selected video transmission rate the readings of each successive code pulse from said means for storing.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
156 words
In a transmitter, an apparatus to repeat cyclically the transmission of code pulses being transmitted in succession within the waveform for video signals in a television system, said apparatus comprising: means for storing code pulses corresponding to encoded indicia; means for loading said means for storing with preselected encoded indicia; shift register means for indexing said means for storing to receive successive encoded indicia; read shift register means for reading from said means for storing code pulses in succession corresponding to said preselected encoded indicia; means for controlling said means for reading to repeat cyclically the reading of code pulses by comparing the number of preselected encoded indicia loaded into said means for storing with the number of encoded indicia read from said means for storing; and control means coupled to said read shift register means for clocking at a selected video transmission rate the readings of each successive code pulse from said means for storing.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said means for loading include a binary encoder for producing a plurality of code pulses for each encoded indicia and means for delivering a succession of signals corresponding to selected indicia to said binary encoder.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus according to claim 2 further comprising logic means for resetting said binary encoder following delivery of each encoded indicia to said means for storing.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said control means is further defined to include a timing circuit receiving television video sync pulses for delivering clocking pulses to said means for reading.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
The apparatus according to claim 4 further comprising a video mixer for combining into a television waveform for video signals the said code pulses read in succession from said means for storing by said means for reading.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
133 words
The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said means for storing is further defined to include: a plurality of AND gates, said AND gates being interconnected by first conducting lines to form a plurality of columns, said AND gates being further interconnected by second conducting lines to form a plurality of rows thereby defining a matrix of said AND gates; a flip-flop actuated by the output of each of said AND gates in said matrix; a read out AND gate receiving the output signal from said flip-flop thereby forming a matrix of readout gates; third conducting lines delivering an input signal to the readout gates in each of the columns forming said matrix; and fourth conducting lines delivering an input signal to the readout gates in each of the rows forming said matrix.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
63 words
The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said means for storing is further defined to include a plurality of R/C AND gates arranged in a column for producing recycle code pulses, one of said third lines delivering an input signal to said column of R/C AND gates, and said fourth conducting lines delivering an input signal to each of said R/C AND gates.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said read shift register means include an indicia shift register for delivering clocked pulses to said third conducting lines, and a code shift register for delivering clocked pulses to said fourth conducting lines.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus according to claim 8 further comprising shift register means for delivering indexing pulses to said first conducting lines, said second conducting lines receiving pulses corresponding to encoded indicia from said means for loading.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
215 words
A receiver apparatus in a constructed answer system employing code pulses corresponding to encoded indicia which are repeated cyclically in a serial manner during transmission within a waveform of a television video signal, said apparatus comprising: means for deriving a television video signal including said code pulses transmitted therewith in a cyclically repeating manner; means for separating said code pulses transmitted in said serial manner from said video signal; converter means receiving said code pulses in their occurring serial manner for conversion into time-collected groups of cyclically repeating code pulses corresponding to said encoded indicia; decoder means receiving each of said groups of cyclically repeating code pulses for producing cyclically repeating decoded signals representing recovered indicia; means for producing a plurality of signals corresponding to selected indicia to form a response answer input; a plurality of AND gates separately receiving a cyclically repeating signal representing said recovered indicia, said gates further separately receiving a signal corresponding to said selected indicia such that the signals to each AND gate represent corresponding ones of said selected and recovered indicia; means for delivering clocking pulses to said AND gates collectively; and a correct pulse shift register means responsive to a pulse from said AND gates for indexing the delivery of successive clocking pulses by said means for delivering.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
215 words
A receiver apparatus in a constructed answer system employing code pulses corresponding to encoded indicia which are repeated cyclically in a serial manner during transmission within a waveform of a television video signal, said apparatus comprising: means for deriving a television video signal including said code pulses transmitted therewith in a cyclically repeating manner; means for separating said code pulses transmitted in said serial manner from said video signal; converter means receiving said code pulses in their occurring serial manner for conversion into time-collected groups of cyclically repeating code pulses corresponding to said encoded indicia; decoder means receiving each of said groups of cyclically repeating code pulses for producing cyclically repeating decoded signals representing recovered indicia; means for producing a plurality of signals corresponding to selected indicia to form a response answer input; a plurality of AND gates separately receiving a cyclically repeating signal representing said recovered indicia, said gates further separately receiving a signal corresponding to said selected indicia such that the signals to each AND gate represent corresponding ones of said selected and recovered indicia; means for delivering clocking pulses to said AND gates collectively; and a correct pulse shift register means responsive to a pulse from said AND gates for indexing the delivery of successive clocking pulses by said means for delivering.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
52 words
The receiver apparatus according to claim 10 further comprising: pulse generator means receiving video sync pulses from said means for deriving to produce timing pulses; and said means for delivering includes an indicia shift register responsive to said timing pulses for indexing the delivery of said clocking pulses to said gate means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
86 words
The receiver apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said means for producing a plurality of signals corresponding to selected indicia include: a plurality of answer switches for selectively establishing signals to represent said selected indicia; a plurality of flip-flops each connected to a respective one of said answer switches for delivering selected indicia signals to said AND gates; and locking means actuated by each signal from said flip-flops for inhibiting actuation of said switches, said locking means being controlled by said control pulse shift register means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
43 words
The receiver apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said decoder means delivers a reset signal to said correct pulse shift register, said apparatus further comprising signal delay means receiving said reset signal for delivering a delayed reset signal to said indicia shift register.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
The receiver apparatus according to claim 13 further comprising a correct answer AND gate receiving said reset signal and said clocking pulses for producing a correct indicia answer signal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The receiver apparatus according to claim 13 wherein said indicia shift register is clocked by said timing pulses from said pulse generator means.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
100 words
The receiver apparatus according to claim 15 wherein said correct pulse shift register means includes a plurality of flip-flops being reset by said reset signal and triggered by a pulse from said AND gates, and further wherein said indicia shift register further includes a plurality of flip-flops being reset by said delayed reset signal and triggered by said timing pulses from said pulse generator means, said apparatus further comprising a plurality of shift register AND gates each receiving a triggered pulse from a different one of said flip-flops included in said indicia shift register and said correct pulse shift register.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-08-22 | 1981-02-21 | 1981-08-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-08-22 | 1985-02-21 | 1985-08-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-08-22 | 1989-02-21 | 1989-08-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |