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US4039463A
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Electrostatographic developers comprising a carrier bead coated with a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole and trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane
Assignee: Agfa Gevaert NV
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Filing: 1975-04-16
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Granted: 1977-08-02
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Expires: 1995-04-16
Abstract
Abstract Carrier beads for use in an electrostatographic developer mixture comprise a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally one or both of the monomers of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl (meth)acrylate and styrene.
Inventors
- 👤 Pierre Richard De Roo
- 👤 Walter Frans De Winter
- 👤 Jan Jozef Priem
- 👤 Yvan Karel Gilliams
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 22:01
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/10; G03G9/113; G03G9/103; G03G9/107; G03G9/1087; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/101; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993; Y10T428/2995; Y10T428/2996; Y10T428/2998
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
70 words
Carrier beads consisting essentially of a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally at least one monomer of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and styrene, said copolymer comprising at least 50% by weight of said N-vinylcarbazole units and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of said trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
70 words
Carrier beads consisting essentially of a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally at least one monomer of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and styrene, said copolymer comprising at least 50% by weight of said N-vinylcarbazole units and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of said trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
Carrier beads according to claim 1, wherein the copolymer contains from 50 to 70% by weight of N-vinylcarbazole, from 25 to 48% by weight of methyl acrylate and from 2 to 5% by weight of triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
Carrier beads according to claim 1, wherein the copolymer contains from 50 to 70% by weight of N-vinylcarbazole, from 25 to 48% by weight of methyl acrylate and from 2 to 5% by weight of trimethoxyvinylsilane or triethoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
Carrier beads according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the beads is in the range of 30 to 1500 μm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
86 words
An electrostatographic developer mixture comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of carrier beads said beads consisting essentially of a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally at least one monomer of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and styrene, said copolymer comprising at least 50% by weight of said N-vinylcarbazole units and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of said trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
86 words
An electrostatographic developer mixture comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of carrier beads said beads consisting essentially of a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally at least one monomer of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and styrene, said copolymer comprising at least 50% by weight of said N-vinylcarbazole units and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of said trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
41 words
An electrostatographic developer mixture according to claim 5, wherein the copolymer contains from 50 to 70% by weight of N-vinylcarbazole, from 25 to 48% by weight of methyl acrylate and from 2 to 5% by weight of trimethoxyvinylsilane and/or triethoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electrostatographic developer mixture according to claim 5, wherein the carrier beads have a diameter in the range of 30 to 1500 μm.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
110 words
An electrostatographic imaging process comprising the steps of forming an electrostatic charge image in or on a solid insulating surface and developing said electrostatic charge image with a developer mixture comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of carrier beads consisting essentially of a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally at least one monomer of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and styrene, said copolymer comprising at least 50% by weight of said N-vinylcarbazole units and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of said trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
110 words
An electrostatographic imaging process comprising the steps of forming an electrostatic charge image in or on a solid insulating surface and developing said electrostatic charge image with a developer mixture comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of carrier beads consisting essentially of a glass core or iron-containing metal core enveloped with a coating of a copolymer of N-vinylcarbazole, trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane and optionally at least one monomer of the group consisting of C 1 -C 4 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate and styrene, said copolymer comprising at least 50% by weight of said N-vinylcarbazole units and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of said trialkoxyvinylsilane and/or triacetoxyvinylsilane units.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-08-01 | 1981-01-31 | 1981-08-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-08-01 | 1985-01-31 | 1985-08-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-08-01 | 1989-01-31 | 1989-08-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |