Patent US4038596A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4038596A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for authenticating a record medium consisting of applying two different strength magnetizing fields and monitoring the remanent fields
Assignee: QED Intellectual Property Ltd
•
Filing: 1975-07-02
•
Granted: 1977-07-26
•
Expires: 1995-07-02
Abstract
Abstract Apparatus to examine a magnetic storage layer expected to contain a magnetic watermark includes means to magnetize the layer with a unidirectional field of a selected strength without saturating it and means to detect any distinct region of magnetic remanence. The apparatus may further include means to record the resultant remanence levels (or their ratio) for such a region and another part of the layer, means to magnetize the layer with a unidirectional field of a different selected strength, means to detect any then-existing such distinct region or regions, means to measure the remanence levels (or their ratio) for the then-existing such region and another part of the layer, and means to compare the measured and recorded levels (or their ratios) and indicate from the result of the comparison whether or not this represents a layer having a magnetic watermark of regions of distinctly aligned anisotropic magnetic particles. The use of different amounts of magnetization will produce different ratios of remanence in a layer having such a watermark but not in an homogenous layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Cyril Arthur Lee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 21:47
CPC Classifications
G; G07; G07F; G07F7/00; G07F7/08; G07F7/086; G06; G06K; G06K7/00; G06K7/08; G07D; G07D7/00; G07D7/04; G07D7/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
113 words
A system for examining a record medium expected to include a magnetic material storage layer exhibiting an inherent pattern of magnetic remanence difference between a part of the layer and another part of the layer when both parts are subjected to a uniform magnetising field including means for applying to the layer in turn at least two different strength magnetising fields along the same direction, means for measuring the relative remanent magnetisation in said part and said another part for each said magnetising field, and means responsive to the measurements to assess the authenticity status of the medium, the relative remanent magnetisations differing for said different strength magnetising fields for an authentic medium.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
113 words
A system for examining a record medium expected to include a magnetic material storage layer exhibiting an inherent pattern of magnetic remanence difference between a part of the layer and another part of the layer when both parts are subjected to a uniform magnetising field including means for applying to the layer in turn at least two different strength magnetising fields along the same direction, means for measuring the relative remanent magnetisation in said part and said another part for each said magnetising field, and means responsive to the measurements to assess the authenticity status of the medium, the relative remanent magnetisations differing for said different strength magnetising fields for an authentic medium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 in which one of the selected strengths of magnetising field is that to magnetise the expected material to saturation in the field direction.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 in which one of the selected strengths of magnetising field is between 350 and 600 oersteds and less than that to magnetise the expected material to saturation in the field direction.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 in which the relative remanent magnetisation is measured as a ratio.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
177 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 further including (a) means to destroy magnetisation of said layer, prior to applying the magnetising fields, (b) one of said magnetising fields applied to the layer with destroyed magnetisation being a magnetising field of strength selected to magnetise the layer without saturating it, (c) said measuring means including means to measure and to record the remanence levels of resultant distinct regions of different remanence levels in response to said one field, (d) another of said magnetising fields applied to the magnetised layer being a magnetising field of strength selected to magnetise the layer to a different magnetisation, (e) said means to measure including means to measure the remanence levels of resultant distinct regions of different remanence levels in response to said another field, (f) said responsive means including assessment means to compare the recorded and the measured levels, and additionally (g) means to indicate the authenticity status of the medium as a result of the comparison of said recorded and said measured levels, the compared levels differing for authentic medium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
62 words
A system according to claim 1 in which said means to measure remanence levels includes a means which is arranged to detect the position of said distinct regions by remanence changes and to read information stored as the position of said regions in the layer, the system including means to provide an output signal of such information and the authenticity status thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
55 words
A system as claimed in claim 1 arranged to verify an object purporting to include a magnetic storage layer having a magnetic watermark and including means to accept, transport for examination and release said object or retain it as appropriate, the system also supplying an output signal indicative of the authenticity status of the object.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
53 words
A system as claimed in claim 7 arranged for use with a security device incorporating a magnetic storage layer including commercial grade gamma Fe 2 O 3 permanently structured by having longitudinally and transversely aligned particles and in which the strengths of the magnetising fields are some 450 oersteds and some 1000 oersteds.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of examining a record medium expected to include a magnetic material storage layer exhibiting an inherent pattern of magnetic remanence difference between a part of the layer and another part of the layer when both parts are subjected to a uniform magnetising field, including applying to the layer in turn at least two different strength magnetising fields, measuring the relative remanent magnetisations in said part and said another part for each said field and assessing the authenticity of the medium from the measurements, the relative magnetisation differing for different strength magnetising fields for an authentic medium.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
98 words
A method of examining a record medium expected to include a magnetic material storage layer exhibiting an inherent pattern of magnetic remanence difference between a part of the layer and another part of the layer when both parts are subjected to a uniform magnetising field, including applying to the layer in turn at least two different strength magnetising fields, measuring the relative remanent magnetisations in said part and said another part for each said field and assessing the authenticity of the medium from the measurements, the relative magnetisation differing for different strength magnetising fields for an authentic medium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 9 including applying one of said magnetising fields at a strength sufficient to magnetically saturate the expected material in the field direction.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method according to claim 9 including applying one of said magnetising fields at a strength between 350 and 600 oersteds and less than the strength sufficient to magnetically saturate the expected material in the field direction.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2254933A
Cited
US3627934A
Cited
GB1331604A
Cited
GB1304531A
Cited
US3702133A
Cited
US3873975A
Cited
US3927393A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-07-25 | 1981-01-24 | 1981-07-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-07-25 | 1985-01-24 | 1985-07-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-07-25 | 1989-01-24 | 1989-07-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |