Patent US4037031A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4037031A
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US
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Bipolar lead acid battery having titanium and zirconium electrode supports
Assignee: Imperial Metal Industries Kynoch Ltd
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Filing: 1975-06-03
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Granted: 1977-07-19
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Expires: 1995-06-03
Abstract
Abstract A bipolar, lead acid battery incorporating titanium and/or zirconium electrode supports and having a fibre filling to maintain a pressure on the active mass located on the supports.
Inventors
- 👤 William Robin Jacob
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 04:20
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/64; H01M4/66; H01M4/661; H01M10/00; H01M10/06; H01M10/18; H01M4/14; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
120 words
A lead acid battery including at least two cells containing sulphuric acid electrolyte, there being a bipolar electrode comprising an electrically conducting impervious sheet of metal having on one side a first surface of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium and a titanium alloy, and on the other side a second surface of a material selected from the group consisting of zirconium and a zirconium alloy, the sheet forming a barrier wall between two adjacent cells, the first surface forming a support structure for the lead dioxide active mass of the positive electrode of one cell, and the second surface forming the support structure for the lead active mass of the negative electrode of the adjacent cell.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
120 words
A lead acid battery including at least two cells containing sulphuric acid electrolyte, there being a bipolar electrode comprising an electrically conducting impervious sheet of metal having on one side a first surface of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium and a titanium alloy, and on the other side a second surface of a material selected from the group consisting of zirconium and a zirconium alloy, the sheet forming a barrier wall between two adjacent cells, the first surface forming a support structure for the lead dioxide active mass of the positive electrode of one cell, and the second surface forming the support structure for the lead active mass of the negative electrode of the adjacent cell.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which the first surface is directly connected to the second surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A battery as claimed in claim 2 in which the connection is by a metallurgical bond.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which there is a further metal between the two surfaces, the further metal having a higher electrical conductivity than the material of the first surface and material of the second surface.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
A battery as claimed in claim 4 in which the further metal is selected from the group consisting of copper, aluminium and iron.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which there is a layer of lead between the first surface and the lead dioxide active mass.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which there is a foraminate structure on the first and second surfaces to retain the lead or the lead dioxide active mass.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
A battery as claimed in claim 7 in which the foraminate structure is secured to a surface and is in the form of wire having an external surface of the same metal as the surface to which it is secured.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which the lead is mechanically biassed towards the first surface by biassing means, and in which the lead dioxide is biassed towards the second surface by mechanical biassing means.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
A battery as claimed in claim 9 in which there is a separator between the positive lead dioxide and the biassing means.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
A battery as claimed in claim 10 in which there is a separator between the negative lead and the biassing means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A battery as claimed in claim 9 in which the biassing means is a resilient biassing means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
A battery as claimed in claim 12 in which the resilient biassing means biasses both the negative and positive active masses.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
A battery as claimed in claim 13 in which the resilient biassing means exerts a substantially uniform pressure over the entire area of the sheet.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A battery as claimed in claim 14 in which the biasing means is a material selected from the group consisting of an open celled foam and a fibrous structure.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
29 words
A battery as claimed in claim 15 in which the biasing means is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and polyester.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which there is an outer acid retaining wall for each cell sealed at each end by a bipolar electrode.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which the electrode surfaces are flat.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
A battery as claimed in claim 15 in which the fibrous material is formed of molded fibres.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
A battery as claimed in claim 15, in which the fibrous material is an integral block.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which the first and second surfaces are intimately covered with lead and pasted with positive paste and negative paste respectively.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
45 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which there is a stack of a plurality of cells, the electrode between each adjacent pair of cells being a bipolar electrode, and there being a mono-polar negative and positive electrode at each end of the stack.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
A battery as claimed in claim 1 in which there is an outer acid retaining wall for each cell sealed at the end cell of a multiplicity of cells by an electrode.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
114 words
A lead acid battery including at least two cells containing sulphuric acid electrolyte, there being a bipolar electrode between the two cells forming a positive electrode for one cell on one side and a negative electrode for the second cell on the other side, the positive electrode having a positive lead dioxide active mass on a lead underlayer on a titanium layer, and the negative electrode having a negative lead active mass on a lead underlayer on a zirconium layer, an effective separator against at least the positive active mass, and biasing means to bias the positive active mass against the positive electrode and to bias the negative active mass against the negative electrode.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
114 words
A lead acid battery including at least two cells containing sulphuric acid electrolyte, there being a bipolar electrode between the two cells forming a positive electrode for one cell on one side and a negative electrode for the second cell on the other side, the positive electrode having a positive lead dioxide active mass on a lead underlayer on a titanium layer, and the negative electrode having a negative lead active mass on a lead underlayer on a zirconium layer, an effective separator against at least the positive active mass, and biasing means to bias the positive active mass against the positive electrode and to bias the negative active mass against the negative electrode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
36 words
A battery as claimed in claim 24 in which there is an open celled spacer between the separator and the active mass to assist the escape, in use, of gases from the active mass during charging.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
A battery as claimed in claim 29 in which there is a metal core between the negative and positive zirconium and titanium layers.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
45 words
A battery as claimed in claim 24 in which there is a stack of a plurality of cells, the electrode between each adjacent pair of cells being a bipolar electrode, and there being a monopolar negative and positive electrode at each end of the stack.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
114 words
A lead acid battery including at least two cells containing sulphuric acid electrolyte, there being a bipolar electrode between the two cells forming a positive electrode for one cell on one side and a negative electrode for the second cell on the other side, the positive electrode having a positive lead dioxide active mass on a lead underlayer on a zirconium layer, and the negative electrode having a negative lead active mass on a lead underlayer on a zirconium layer, an effective separator against at least the positive active mass, and biasing means to bias the positive active mass against the positive electrode and to bias the negative active mass against the negative electrode.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
114 words
A lead acid battery including at least two cells containing sulphuric acid electrolyte, there being a bipolar electrode between the two cells forming a positive electrode for one cell on one side and a negative electrode for the second cell on the other side, the positive electrode having a positive lead dioxide active mass on a lead underlayer on a zirconium layer, and the negative electrode having a negative lead active mass on a lead underlayer on a zirconium layer, an effective separator against at least the positive active mass, and biasing means to bias the positive active mass against the positive electrode and to bias the negative active mass against the negative electrode.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
A battery as claimed in claim 28 in which there is a metal core between the negative and positive zirconium layers.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-07-18 | 1981-01-17 | 1981-07-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-07-18 | 1985-01-17 | 1985-07-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-07-18 | 1989-01-17 | 1989-07-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |