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US4034226A
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Method of and means for producing radiation in the X-ray region
Assignee: Bar-Ilan University
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Filing: 1974-05-29
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Granted: 1977-07-05
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Expires: 1994-05-29
Abstract
Abstract A method for producing stimulated emission of radiation in the X-ray region comprising the steps of: selecting as an active medium a system having the following properties; two energy levels separated by an energy difference ΔE corresponding to radiation of frequency ω t in the X-ray region such that a transition from the upper to the lower of the two levels by one-photon emission is weakly allowed or strictly forbidden, one of the two levels having a nearly degenerate partner level optically coupled thereto such that a transistion therebetween by one-photon emission has a high probability; providing a resonator containing such an active medium; subjecting the active medium in the resonator to stimulating radiation at a frequency ω 1 that is preferably, substantially equal to the frequency of the optical coupling between the nearly degenerate levels but much smaller than the frequency ω t ; arranging for the polarization of the stimulating radiation to be parallel to the polarization of the output of the resonator; and turning the resonator to the frequency ω 2 = ω t ± ω 1 .
Inventors
- 👤 Isaac Freund
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 18:46
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S4/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
154 words
A method for producing emission of radiation in the X-ray region at a frequency ω 2 comprising the steps of: selecting as an active medium a system having the following properties; two energy levels separated by an energy difference ΔE corresponding to radiation of frequency ω t in the X-ray region such that a transition from the upper to the lower of the two levels by one-photon emission is weakly allowed or strictly forbidden, one of the two levels having nearly degenerate partner level optically coupled thereto such that a transition therebetween by one-photon emission has a high probability; subjecting the active medium to radiation at a frequency ω 1 that is substantially equal to the frequency of the optical coupling between the nearly degenerate levels but much smaller than the frequency ω t such that ω 2 = ω t ± ω 1 ; and polarizing the radiation of frequency ω 1 .
Claim 2
Independent Claim
154 words
A method for producing emission of radiation in the X-ray region at a frequency ω 2 comprising the steps of: selecting as an active medium a system having the following properties; two energy levels separated by an energy difference ΔE corresponding to radiation of frequency ω t in the X-ray region such that a transition from the upper to the lower of the two levels by one-photon emission is weakly allowed or strictly forbidden, one of the two levels having nearly degenerate partner level optically coupled thereto such that a transition therebetween by one-photon emission has a high probability; subjecting the active medium to radiation at a frequency ω 1 that is substantially equal to the frequency of the optical coupling between the nearly degenerate levels but much smaller than the frequency ω t such that ω 2 = ω t ± ω 1 ; and polarizing the radiation of frequency ω 1 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the upper of the two levels is metastable and has a nearly degenerate partner.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the system contains hydrogenic ions where the upper level is the 2s metastable level, the lower level is the 1s ground level, and the nearly degenerate partner level is a 2p level.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the active medium includes hydrogenic ions selected from the group comprising oxygen, nitrogen, and fluorine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the system contains O + 7 ions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the output of a neodymium-glass laser is used as the stimulating radiation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
147 words
Apparatus for producing radiation in the X-ray region at frequency ω 2 comprising: an active medium having the following properties: two energy levels separated by an energy difference ΔE corresponding to radiation of frequency ω t in the X-ray region such that a transition from the upper to the lower of the two levels by one-photon emission is weakly allowed or strictly forbidden, one of the two levels having nearly degenerate partner level optically coupled thereto such that a transition therebetween by one-photon emission has a high probability; a laser for directing radiation at a frequency ω 1 where ω 2 = ω t ± ω 1 , the energy of the radiation at frequency ω 1 being substantially equal to the energy difference between the nearly degenerate partner levels of the medium but much smaller than ΔE, and the radiation at frequency ω 1 being polarized.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
147 words
Apparatus for producing radiation in the X-ray region at frequency ω 2 comprising: an active medium having the following properties: two energy levels separated by an energy difference ΔE corresponding to radiation of frequency ω t in the X-ray region such that a transition from the upper to the lower of the two levels by one-photon emission is weakly allowed or strictly forbidden, one of the two levels having nearly degenerate partner level optically coupled thereto such that a transition therebetween by one-photon emission has a high probability; a laser for directing radiation at a frequency ω 1 where ω 2 = ω t ± ω 1 , the energy of the radiation at frequency ω 1 being substantially equal to the energy difference between the nearly degenerate partner levels of the medium but much smaller than ΔE, and the radiation at frequency ω 1 being polarized.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the active medium contains 0 + 7 derived from a pellet of oxygen-doped lithium deuteride positioned at the focus of the laser.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
10 words
Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the laser is neodymium-glass.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
114 words
Apparatus for producing radiation in the X-ray region comprising: an electronic discharge device adapted to receive oxygen gas and to convert it into 0 + 7 ions; ion accelerator means receiving the O + 7 ions from said discharge device for producing a directed ion beam including ions in a metastable state; separator means for receiving said directed ion beam and for passing only ions in the metastable state; means for producing polarized optical radiation at approximately 10,600 A; and means for receiving a flow of O + 7 ions in the meta-stable state from said separator means and for directing said optical radiation into said ions to produce X-rays at approximately 19 A.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
114 words
Apparatus for producing radiation in the X-ray region comprising: an electronic discharge device adapted to receive oxygen gas and to convert it into 0 + 7 ions; ion accelerator means receiving the O + 7 ions from said discharge device for producing a directed ion beam including ions in a metastable state; separator means for receiving said directed ion beam and for passing only ions in the metastable state; means for producing polarized optical radiation at approximately 10,600 A; and means for receiving a flow of O + 7 ions in the meta-stable state from said separator means and for directing said optical radiation into said ions to produce X-rays at approximately 19 A.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-07-04 | 1981-01-03 | 1981-07-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-07-04 | 1985-01-03 | 1985-07-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-07-04 | 1989-01-03 | 1989-07-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |