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US4028265A
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Process for converting sodium nitrate-containing, caustic liquid radioactive wastes to solid insoluble products
Assignee: Energy Research and Development Administration ERDA
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Filing: 1975-08-25
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Granted: 1977-06-07
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Expires: 1995-08-25
Abstract
Abstract A method for converting sodium nitrate-containing, caustic, radioactive wastes to a solid, relatively insoluble, thermally stable form is provided and comprises the steps of reacting powdered aluminum silicate clay, e.g., kaolin, bentonite, dickite, halloysite, pyrophyllite, etc., with the sodium nitrate-containing radioactive wastes which have a caustic concentration of about 3 to 7 M at a temperature of 30 DEG C to 100 DEG C to thereby entrap the dissolved radioactive salts in the aluminosilicate matrix.
Inventors
- 👤 Gary S. Barney
- 👤 Lloyd E. Brownell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 09:02
CPC Classifications
G; G21; G21F; G21F9/00; G21F9/04; G21F9/06; G21F9/16; G21F9/162
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
122 words
A method for converting sodium nitrate-containing, caustic, liquid radioactive wastes to a solid relatively insoluble, thermally stable, salt-filled radioactive mineral form consisting essentially of the steps of reacting powdered aluminum silicate clays selected from the group consisting of kaolin, bentonite, dickite, halloysite and pyrophillite with aqueous solutions or slurries of said caustic, liquid, radioactive wastes which have a sodium hydroxide concentration of at least about 3 to about 7 M at a temperature of about 30° C to 100° C to thereby entrap radioactive isotopes in the crystalline aluminosilicate framework structure of cancrinite reaction product, air drying said cancrinite reaction product and firing the resultant product at a temperature of at least 600° C to form said solid, salt-filled, radioactive mineral form.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
122 words
A method for converting sodium nitrate-containing, caustic, liquid radioactive wastes to a solid relatively insoluble, thermally stable, salt-filled radioactive mineral form consisting essentially of the steps of reacting powdered aluminum silicate clays selected from the group consisting of kaolin, bentonite, dickite, halloysite and pyrophillite with aqueous solutions or slurries of said caustic, liquid, radioactive wastes which have a sodium hydroxide concentration of at least about 3 to about 7 M at a temperature of about 30° C to 100° C to thereby entrap radioactive isotopes in the crystalline aluminosilicate framework structure of cancrinite reaction product, air drying said cancrinite reaction product and firing the resultant product at a temperature of at least 600° C to form said solid, salt-filled, radioactive mineral form.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
69 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said sodium nitrate-containing, caustic, liquid radioactive wastes comprise an aqueous waste solution having a molar composition of Al 3 + -- 2.70; NO 3 - -- 1.88; NO 2 - -- 1.95; OH - -- 5.16, said powdered aluminum silicate comprises kaolin, the stoichiometry of said reaction requires two moles of NaOH per mole of cancrinite formed, and said mineral form comprises nepheline.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said aluminum silicate clay comprises bentonite which has added to it one mole NaAlO 2 per mole bentonite and the stoichiometry of said reaction requires two moles of NaOH per mole of cancrinite formed.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said mineral form comprises nepheline.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said powdered aluminum silicate clay is fired bentonite clay and the clay/waste solution ratio is within the range of 0.05 to 2.0 grams bentonite per ml of waste solution.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said powdered aluminum silicate clay is fired kaolin clay and the clay/waste solution ratio is within the range of 0.05 to 1.0 gram kaolin per ml of waste solution.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said sodium nitrate-containing, caustic, liquid radioactive wastes contain fission products of 137 Cs and 90 Sr, said fission products having a concentration up to about 0.37 M and 0.01 M, respectively.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3274784A
Cited
US3000072A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-06-06 | 1980-12-06 | 1981-06-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-06-06 | 1984-12-06 | 1985-06-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-06-06 | 1988-12-06 | 1989-06-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |